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The Burning of Edinburgh by an English army on May 7, 1544 was the first action of the Rough Wooing.

Edinburgh (No. 1)

Edinburgh (Dùn Èideann) is the capital city of. Located in Lothian on the Firth of Forth's southern shore, it is Scotland's second most populous city. Recognised as the capital of Scotland since at least the 15th century, Edinburgh is home to the Scottish Parliament and the seat of the monarchy in Scotland. The city is also the annual venue of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland and home to national institutions such as the National Museum of Scotland, the National Library of Scotland and the Scottish National Gallery. It is the largest financial centre in the UK after London.

Historically part of Midlothian, the city has long been a centre of education, particularly in the fields of medicine, Scots law, literature, the sciences and engineering. The University of Edinburgh was founded in 1582. The city is also famous for the Edinburgh International Festival and the Fringe, the latter being the world's largest annual international arts festival. The city's historical and cultural attractions have made it the United Kingdom's second most popular tourist destination after London, attracting over one million overseas visitors each year. Historic sites in Edinburgh include Edinburgh Castle, Holyrood Palace, the churches of St. Giles, Greyfriars and the Canongate, and the extensive Georgian New Town, built in the 18th century. Edinburgh's Old Town and New Town together are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, which has been managed by Edinburgh World Heritage since 1999.

"Edin", the root of the city's name, is most likely of Brittonic Celtic origin, from the Cumbric language or a variation of it that would have been spoken by the earliest known people of the area, an Iron Age tribe known to the Romans as the Votadini, and latterly in sub-Roman history as the Gododdin. It appears to derive from the place name Eidyn mentioned in the Old Welsh epic poem Y Gododdin.

The poem names Din Eidyn as a hill fort (Din meaning "dun") in the territory of the Gododdin. The change in nomenclature, from Din Eidyn to Edinburgh, reflects changes in the local language from Cumbric to Old English, the Germanic language of the Anglian kingdom of Bernicia that permeated the area from the mid-7th century and is regarded as the ancestor of modern Scots. The Celtic element din was dropped and replaced by the Old English burh. The first documentary evidence of the medieval burgh is a royal charter, c.1124–1127, by King David I granting a toft in "burgo meo de Edenesburg" to the Priory of Dunfermline.

In modern Gaelic, the city is called Dùn Èideann (often rendered Dunedin by English-speakers).

Source: Wikipedia

Ramsay Garden, Edinburgh Scotland 2015

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Vivendo Discimus (By Living We Learn)

In the late 19th century Patrick Geddes (1854-1932), one of the greatest social thinkers of his time, developed a series of Summer Meetings held in Edinburgh. Best described as a kind of international summer school, teaching a wide range of subjects, they developed a strong reputation amongst intellectuals throughout Europe. This photograph was taken in the courtyard of Ramsay Garden, Edinburgh, and shows students and lecturers attending the Summer Meeting in 1896.

Vivendo Discimus, the motto for the Summer Meetings, was inscribed above an archway in Riddle’s Court, Edinburgh, 1889.

[archives reference: T-GED 22/3/27/2]