I’ll have to figure it out on my own one day as a homebrew, but I wanna get my thoughts out on the Ranger class in D&D.
So in case you don’t know, people hate the Ranger class because they think it sucks mechanically. Almost anything a Ranger does can easily be done by a Fighter or Rogue (or Druid in some cases). And this kinda makes sense because in the early days of D&D, the Ranger was a subset of what is the Fighter class. The Ranger allowed people to play as essentially/technically Aragorn from LotR. And since D&D still owes a lot of its general design to LotR, the Ranger has stuck around, but the way people play the game has changed drastically.
I’m assuming that most people who play the modern versions of D&D don’t really spend much time tracking and going into the fine details of traveling. Most people skip over travel altogether, relegating it to a “and now you’re here and this many hours/days have passed”. But the Ranger was rooted in tracking and traversing. The Ranger at the beginning of 5e had the favored foe and terrain abilities, but those were heavily reliant on your DM giving you access to those things, so hopefully you chose good options. And then as 5e continued, WotC realized people hated those abilities and tried to rework them, so that took away some of the Ranger flavor.
And if you asked someone what they thought a Ranger’s niche might be, they might say either Archery or an animal companion. Now obviously, you don’t have to be an archer to be a Ranger (and in fact, two-weapon fighting was more of the Ranger’s deal before 5e). And in fact, a Fighter or Rogue can end up being a better archer anyways thanks to more Ability Score Improvements and other class abilities. And the animal companion is only relegated to a single subclass. Hell, druids now can have a constant animal sidekick, as can anyone who can cast Find Familiar.
I think the Ranger needs to find a new utility, and my personal thoughts on that are a character class who can control the battle map. Whether it’s through literal terraforming abilities or finding ways to shepherd groups of enemies into a single spot so a wizard can fireball them into oblivion. Hell, the class getting a permanent animal companion could help in controlling enemy placement.
Different subclasses could handle this ability in different ways. The Beast Master can stay, but the animal companion could more easily round up enemies. There could be a terraforming subclass that could make areas of difficult terrain to prevent foes from getting far. Something akin to the Horizon Walker or Fey Wanderer could allow a Ranger to teleport more freely to allow better crowd control. A Gloomstalker-esque subclass could still maintain the shadowy feel and be better at dealing with indoor/confined crowd control. And so on and so forth with ideas like that.
And you can still keep the tracking/traversal aspects. Keep Hunter’s Mark as a class ability like on 5.5e. Maybe bring up invisibility to earlier. Main class ability animal companion like I said before. Maybe a class ability for free uses of Speak with Animals and Speak with Plants. Make it a class that’s just as unique and useful in combat and out.