#relative clause

[kanjikiwi]

Japanese Sentence-ception

__〆(￣ー￣ )

Today I had my first look at Japanese relative clauses (also known as adjectival clauses)

Basically what this is is just a sentence embedded into another sentence in order to give further description (adjectives are description words, so that explains the name “adjectival clause”)

An english example dialogue:

Me: “That dog is mine.”

Person, looking at the hundreds of dogs in the dog park: “um, which dog?”

Me: “The one who is eating the grass.”

I could have avoided confusion by simply using a sentence that gave ample description about the dog in the first place:

Me: “The dog [who is eating the grass] is mine.”

Person: “haha, rad.”

Normally, an adjective comes before the noun it is describing:

“I wish that loud person would leave.”

A-clauses come after the noun with their own sprinkling of descriptive glitter:

“The person [that was being loud] left after the introverts glared at him.”

Japanese A-clauses work like normal adjectives, coming before the noun. Let’s have a look at one and break it down:

[有利君の　カツ丼を食べた]　人は　ユリオ君　でした

[ゆうりくんの　カツどんをたべた]　ひとは　ユリオくん　でした

The person who [ate Yūri’s katsudon] was Yurio.

These are two fully formed (albeit small) sentences [Yūri’s katsudon was eaten] and [The person was Yurio] This means that each mini sentence MUST end in a verb (日本語 sentence rule #1) In this case, the A-clause ends with the verb 食べた (ate) and the main sentence ends with でした (was)

Notice that in our A-clause, the verb which ends the sentence has the gall to loiter around in its activewear. That’s because A-clauses end with an informal verb, leaving the main sentence to tie things up formally, should the situation call for it. You couldn’t have:

[有利くんの　カツ丼を食べました]　人は　ユリオくん　でした

Soz ¯\_(ツ)_/¯

Not soz: seeing an informal verb hanging in front of a noun, vaping and using all the latest slang is a surefire way to know you’re looking at an adjectival clause, which is pretty cool.

Few more examples:

[黄色の花を被っている]　木は　私の友達　です

[きいろのはなをかぶっている]　きは　わたしのともだち　です

The tree [wearing (on head) yellow flowers] is my friend.

[湖の近くで立っている]　動物は　何ですか

[みずうみのちかくにたっている]　どうぶつは　なんですか

What is the animal [standing near the lake]?

Disclaimer: still flexing my tiny language muscles. Should you spot an error, please let me know!

[trolledu]

Source: https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1EngD7TPV2/

[trolledu]

[arabicfornerds]

What Is a "Causative Description" (نعت سببي) in Arabic?

A CLASSIC | What Is a "Causative Description" (نعت سببي) in Arabic? The Arabic نَعْت سَبَبِيّ (causative description) can be tricky, often leading to misinterpretation. This article explains its unique rules, differentiating it from true descriptions, and clarifies how the adjective agrees with the described item and its subsequent noun, with clear examples. #Grammar #Translation  https://yalla.li/t6d2v

[buggo-buggo]

im alwasy googling some sjit like «relative clause» #relative clause

[trolledu]

The Magi are a peculiar caste, quite different from the Egyptian priests... [who] make it an article of religion to kill no living creature except for sacrifice, but the Magi not only kill anything, except dogs and men, with their own hands but make a special point of doing so; ants, snakes crawling animals, birds - no matter what, they kill them indiscriminately. Well, it is an ancient custom, so let them keep it. - Herodotus

[trolledu]

Relative Clauses (defining and non-defining)

Defining Clauses give additional information about something mentioned earlier. There are two kinds of relative clauses, 1. Defining and 2. Non-Defining:

1. Defining Relative Clauses (where the relative pronoun can be omitted)

Defining relative clauses provide essential information about the noun they modify. If you remove them, the sentence may lose its specific meaning.

Examples:

This is the book (that) I was telling you about. (“That” can be omitted)

The car (which) she drives is very fast. (“Which” can be omitted)

The person (who) you met yesterday is my cousin. (“Who” can be omitted)

2. Non-Defining Relative Clauses (where the relative pronoun cannot be omitted)

Non-defining relative clauses provide extra information that is not essential to identify the noun. If you remove them, the sentence will still make sense.

Examples:

My brother, who lives in New York, is coming to visit. (“Who” cannot be omitted)

The Eiffel Tower, which is in Paris, is a famous landmark. (“Which” cannot be omitted)

She gave me the keys, which I had lost earlier. (“Which” cannot be omitted)

[trolledu]

37-year-old man who struggled through wife’s gym class to not look like ‘wimp’ died for seven minutes midway through

37-year-old Dale Bilson revealed how forcing himself through his wife's gym class left him 'dead' for seven minutes.