The Spectacled or Andean Bear, Tremarctos ornatus
The Andean Spectacled bear is the last remaining short-faced bear. Its nearest relatives are the extinct Florida Spectacled bear and the giant short-faced bears of the Middle Pleistocene to Late Pleistocene age. Spectacled bears are one of three extant bear species that are habitually arboreal, along with the American (Ursus americanus) and Asian black bears (U. thibetanus) and the Sun bears (Helarctos malayanus).
The only bear endemic to South America, the species is classified as Vulnerable by the IUCN because of habitat loss. As the bear's food sources have been disappearing, it relies on crops for food. So, farmers see the bears as competition and hunt them. Legislation against hunting the bears exists, but is rarely enforced.
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