#sufferagettes

[blondebrainpowered]

A History of Feminism and Sex Binary by Alok Vaid-Menon

Texts to reference:

"The Male Madonna and the Feminine Uncle Sam: Visual Argument, Icons, and Ideographs in 1909

Anti-Woman Suffrage Postcards" (Palczewski 2005)

"Inversion and the Third Sex: Gender Variance and Queer Expression in Anti-Suffrage Rhetoric" (Pankuch 2018)

Plucked: A history of Hair Removal (Herzig 2015)

[vintagenorway]

Gina Krog (1847-1916), photographed by Christen Olsen, 1865

Gina Krogh was a radical and uncompromising Norwegian suffragette. Gina’s father died shortly before she was born and she grew up with her mother and her three siblings. At the time, getting a higher education was impossible for women, so Gina studied on her own and worked as a teacher in private schools. She later supported her sister in law, Cecilie Thoresen Krog, in becoming the first female student in Norway to be allowed access to the university in 1882. Contrary to contemporary norms she enjoyed being active and independent. She never married and was one of the first women to go hiking in Jotunheimen Mountains.

In 1880 Gina became a full time activist dedicated to women’s rights. She believed women should have the exact same rights as men, on the same conditions, including the right to vote. She went on a study trip to England to learn from the English suffragette movement. There she stayed at Bedford College and got to know Millicent Garrett Fawcett and the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies. During her stay she wrote articles for Norwegian newspapers under a pseudonym. 

Back home again she co-founded the Norwegian Association for Women’s Rights with Hagbart Berner. She was dedicated to working for full voting rights for women but Berner was a moderate and he presented a mission statement that did not oblige the association to work for voting rights but rather take a softer approach and work for economic equality. This became a conflict that ended with Berner resigning and Gina founding a new group; the Women’s Voting Association, this time run by women only. This conflict between compromise and full equality followed Gina and she ended up leaving the group in 1897 before founding the National Association for Women’s Suffrage with Fredrikke Marie Qvam.

In 1904 one of the big political questions was if Norway should seek independence from Sweden. A national referendum was to be held, but only men would be allowed to participate. Gina and her newly founded Norwegian National Women's Council campaigned in support of the dissolution of the union. In 1905, on the day of the vote, Gina walked into parliament and gave a statement from 565 women's associations to the government calling for independence and the right to vote in the referendum. A petition with almost 300,000 votes from women from a nationwide poll was delivered to corroborate the statement. This convinced many of the male politicians that women could be trusted with the right to vote.

The National Association continued working for women’s suffrage until 1913, when Norwegian women gained full voting rights, making Norway the third country in the world with national voting rights for women (behind Finland and New Zealand), and the first sovereign state to constitutionalize universal suffrage. 

When Gina died, she became the first Norwegian woman to receive a state funeral. Female university graduates were her guard of honour.

[freddielove]

[johndeccles]

Oldham Never Ceases to Surprise Me!

I can’t believe the town we’re I live was at the centre the industrial revolution.

It shouldn’t come as much of a surprise because Oldham is a town full of surprises.

Historically it was at the centre of the global cotton industry, and as part of that was also at the centre of social reform.

During this period workers campaigned for better working conditions and improved social welfare and these…

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[annabsexton]

Bring this #procession on ladies!! With the posse of Procession women from @metalliverpool heading down for the historic #womensmarch created by @artichoketrust to mark 100 years since women won the 'right' to vote #sufferagettes #sufferage

[farrahaliceblack-blog]

Job interview that ruined my schedule happened to land me outside the Museum of London with time to kill, so I finally got to see the exhibit on the Suffragettes. It was so inspiring and these women dedicated and sacrificed so much of themselves for something that should have been so simple. I understand that the Suffragettes only got the vote for rich white women, and that they used violence and crime to do that. But they never used violence against people, only property that was all owned by men. And when you see how much it took for them to just get any woman the right to vote, it's clear that it would have taken far more time, violence and death for all women to vote had they started with that as a campaign. They weren't perfect, but they still started a revolutionary change in society that benefits everyone in Britian today, so for that I'm immensely grateful. 💜💛💚 #votesforwomen #sufferagettes #museumoflondon #london #feminism #genderequality #feminismisFAB (at Museum of London)

[bdemm]

#girlgang 💋💋💋💋 . . . . #wallpaper #ihavethisthingwithwalls #womensmarch #howfitting #sufferagettes #politicalwallpaper (at Darien, Connecticut)

[womenmartialartists-blog]

Edith Garrud was a tiny woman. Measuring 4ft 11in (150cm) in height she appeared no match for the officers of the Metropolitan Police - required to be at least 5ft 10in (178cm) tall at the time. But she had a secret weapon.