We appreciate all the women who came before us and those in our lives now.
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We appreciate all the women who came before us and those in our lives now.
Tamara Bunke
www.disorder-berlin.de
Tu sonrisa, mezcla de generosidad y derroche
ilumina cada una de las noches,
Tania, Tamara Bunke, Guerrillera
siempre empuñando el fusil, compañera.
Insumisa, nunca devota
siempre rebelde incluso en la derrota
siempre revolucionaria y guerrillera
siempre camarada y compañera
Un día como hoy 31 de agosto, de 1967, en una emboscada de Puerto Mauricio, Bolivia, cayó en combate la guerrillera TamaraBunke, conocida como Tania La Guerrillera o simplemente Tania
Haydée Tamara Bunke Bider, “Tania la Guerrillera”, nació en Alemania. De padre alemán -Erich Bunke- y madre polaca (Nadia Bider), tuvieron que emigrar hacia la Argentina huyendo de los nazifascistas. Con solo 18 años fue admitida en el Partido Socialista Unificado de Alemania (PSUA) y en 1960 conoció personalmente a Ernesto Guevara cuando este viajó a la República Democrática Alemana.
En varias oportunidades le sirvió a Guevara de intérprete y el Che captó enseguida las condiciones y cualidades de la joven argentino-alemana. En 1961 llegó a Cuba y trabajó en el Ministerio de Educación, en el ICAP y en la dirección nacional de la FMC. En La Habana se le vio vestir el uniforme de miliciana y actuar en defensa del triunfante proceso revolucionario.
Con el tiempo y con el seudónimo de Laura Gutiérrez Bauer, cumplió la misión secreta encargada por la dirección del país -y en particular por el Che- de establecer relaciones con la clase gobernante y el Ejército de Bolivia, adonde llegó a fines de 1964, todo eso para después crear las mínimas condiciones de apertura del frente guerrillero. En 1966 se le concedió la militancia del Partido Comunista de Cuba por su conducta y su trayectoria como luchadora y revolucionaria consecuente, y se vinculó definitivamente a la guerrilla, a las órdenes directas del Comandante Juan Vitalio Acuña Núñez, «Joaquín» en la gesta en Bolivia. Como se sabe, en abril de 1967 ese grupo de la retaguardia, comandado por Joaquín, perdió el contacto con el resto de la guerrilla y así se mantuvo varios meses, aunque unos y otros intentaron reagruparse, sin poder conseguirlo. Duele mucho saber, por ejemplo, que cuando los guerrilleros -entre ellos Tania- cayeron en una emboscada, mientras cruzaban el vado de un río, el 31 de agosto de 1967, hace un poco más de 45 años, el Che y sus compañeros, sin saberlo, se encontraban exactamente a un kilómetro de ellos.
El cadáver de Tania fue arrastrado por el río y hallado el 6 de septiembre por soldados bolivianos. Al otro día trasladaron su cuerpo sin vida hacia el Regimiento Pando y el 8 la enterraron en un ataúd de madera. La fosa donde la enterraron fue encontrada por el ingeniero geofísico Noel Pérez y por el arqueólogo Roberto Rodríguez, ambos cubanos, a las diez de la mañana del sábado 19 de septiembre de 1998; pero la certeza científica de que era ella se tuvo a las 5:30 de la tarde del lunes 21 de septiembre, luego del riguroso estudio antropológico forense de Héctor Soto, también especialista cubano.
Fue asesinada en aquel río, Tania, convertida en leyenda, revive el grito de libertad de América Latina. Desde 1998 los restos de Tania descansan en el mausoleo erigido al Che y a sus compañeros, en la ciudad de Santa Clara.
Tamara Bunke, also commonly known as Tania the Guerrillera, was an Argentine-born German communist revolutionary who played a key role in the post-revolutionary Cuban government and in other Latin American revolutionary movements during the 1960s.
Raised in Buenos Aires by a family of expatriate German communists, Bunke grew up surrounded by the Argentine Communist Party as well as being a keen athlete and intelligent student. In 1952 the family returned to East Berlin where she studied political science and acted as a translator for the Socialist Unity Party of Germany. In this capacity she met the hero of the Cuban Revolution, Che Guevara, when she was assigned to be his interpreter.
Inspired by the revolution, Bunke moved to Cuba in 1961, quickly graduating from voluntary work to a range of high-profile tasks in the militia, the Cuban Literacy Campaign and a number of government departments. She was later selected to take part in "Operation Fantasma", Guevara's guerrilla expedition to Bolivia aimed at sparking revolutionary uprising across Latin America.
The only woman in the operation, Bunke was trained in the use of knives, pistols and submachine guns, as well as the transmission of coded radio messages. Styling herself as 'Tania', she quickly impressed her superiors with her intelligence, stamina and skill for espionage. In 1964 she served as secret agent, infiltrating Bolivian high society so successfully that she became a personal friend of the Bolivian President. In this role she became an invaluable source of information for Guevara for two years.
However late in 1966 Bunke's cover was blown due to a failure of the spy network, forcing her to join Guevara's armed guerrilla campaign in the mountains. It is rumoured but unconfirmed that during this time she and Guevara became lovers. She became responsible for monitoring radio communications but without access to her previous information sources the operation became increasingly isolated and desperate.
Injured in the leg and suffering a high fever, Bunke was included in a group of 17 ailing combatants that Guevara tried to send safely out of the mountains. The group was ambushed by the Bolivian army while crossing the Río Grande river and Bunke was shot while wading through high water with her rifle above her head. On hearing the news of her death Guevara initially refused to believe that such a thing was possible. She was later declared a hero of the Cuban Revolution.
Tamara Bunke, guerrilera. colaboró como espía para el servicio de inteligencia cubana en 1963. Se une a la guerrilla del Che Guevara en Bolivia donde es asesinada en combate en 1967. <<el cuerpo sin vida de Tania fue humillado. Quienes lo hallaron habrían cercenado sus senos y le cortaron el cabello>>.
Bolivian Vice President Honors Tania The Guerrilla
La Paz, Sep 29 (Prensa Latina) - Bolivian Vice President Alvaro Garcia Linera, paid tribute to the guerrilla Tamara Bunke, on the occasion of inaugurating a bridge in the town of Vallegrande, near the place where died the world-known Tania the Guerrilla.
Garcia, also president of the Plurinational Legislative Assembly recalled that Tania was the only woman in the guerrilla of the Argentine-Cuban commander Ernesto Guevara, and she was killed in an ambush in late August 1967 in Vado del Yeso. The Vice President, on behalf of the government of President Evo Morales, threw a rose to the river, and said that the current took the body of the guerrilla, but not her example of struggle or her teachings. According to the vice president, Tania wanted the peasants to have land, the children have school and public health services, things that have been achieved with the arrival of President Evo Morales to power.
8 Mart Dünya Emekçi Kadınlar Günü kutlu olsun..
Dediler: Bir anı bırak ardında
Öyleyse gidiyorum, solan çiçek misali Bir gün unutulur mu ki adım? Benden bir şey kalmaz mı bu dünyada? Hiç değilse bir çiçek, hiç değilse bir şarkı, Öyleyse yüreğim nasıl davranmalı? Yaşamam ve varlığım, Boşuna mı bu dünyada?
Haydée Tamara Bunke Bider - (Che’nin yoldaşı Tania’nın 1966’da yazdığı şiir)
Tania, by Ali Primera
Tenía los ojos azules (She had blue eyes) y tocaba el acordeón (and played the accordion) y le cantaba en su pecho (and sang deep in her chest) amor a revolución (love of the revolution)
Tania, Tania, Tania el pueblo tiene tu olor (the people have your scent) Tania, Tania, Tania eres guerrilla y flor. (you are a guerrilla and a flower.)
Aquella canción tan triste (That sad song) que el río grande cantó (sung by the large river) cuando abrazó para siempre (when it embraced forever) a la que el pueblo lloró (she who was mourned by the people)
Tania, Tania, Tania el pueblo tiene tu olor (the people have your scent) Tania, Tania, Tania eres guerrilla y flor. (you are a guerrilla and a flower.)
El lamento de la guerra (the sadness of the war) del altiplano lo hago (from the highlands I do this) diciéndote: el boliviano (saying: the Bolivian) con la flor de Tania se quedó (remains with Tania's flower)
Tania, Tania, Tania el pueblo tiene tu olor (the people have your scent) Tania, Tania, Tania eres guerrilla y flor. (you are a guerrilla and a flower.)
Tania, Tania, Tania