in my ochem class today we were talking about polarity
i've wrote reverse the polarity several times now and each time i still think of dr who

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in my ochem class today we were talking about polarity
i've wrote reverse the polarity several times now and each time i still think of dr who
Because homosexuals are not accepted by prevailing social customs and moral standards, they tend to be anti-social and eccentric.
Derzeit sorgt in der chinesischen Provinz Zhejiang eine Broschüre über Sexualerziehung die an Eltern homosexueller Kinder gerichtet ist, für Empörung. Die Autoren der Schrift, die vom Institut für Erziehungsforschung in Hangzhou und der Northeast Normal University Press herausgegeben wurde, stellen Homosexuelle als " Anit- sozial und exzentrisch" dar. Sie würden auch "starke Differenzen" in Sachen "Lebensauffassung" und "Moral" aufzeigen . So ruft die Broschüre dazu auf, "Homosexualität zu verhindern um so ein gutes soziales Klima zu schaffen". Es wird auch propagiert, dass die reperative Therapie möglich sei, um das "Leiden der Homosexualität" mit einem "starken Willen zur Änderung" und einer "Bereitschaft zur Selbstkontrolle" möglich sei.
Nach Erscheinung der Schrift haben sich 18 Mütter homosexueller Kinder mit einem offenen Brief an die Herausgeber gewendet und verlangten einen Rückruf der schon verteilten Broschüren, sowie einen sofortigen Stopp deren Verteilung. Die verantwortliche Herausgeberin, Hang Siping, gab darauf zu, dass beim Verfassen und redigieren der Broschüre "nicht genug Materialien über Homosexualität konsultiert wurden", und dass sie so "einen Strikten Standard vernachlässigt" habe. Weiter erwähnte sie, dass in der zweiten Ausgabe im Oktober alle "kontroversen Kapitel über Homosexualität gestrichen werden sollten".
Laut Hu Zhijun, Mitarbeiter der Zweigstelle in China der Gruppe für die Rechte von Homosexuellen, sei diese Homophobe Broschüre kein Einzelfall, und so würden auch viele andere Lehrmaterialien falsche Informationen über Homosexuelle enthalten.
Quelle:
http://shanghaiist.com/2012/09/03/hangzhou-sexuality-education-gay.php
http://www.aibai.com/infoview.php?id=23431
Umpolung
Umpolung is a phenomenon in which the polarity of an atom (usually the carbon) is reversed. This opens up reactions on a functional group which is otherwise not possible. Umpolung is a German word meaning reversed polarity.
Two common reactions that showcase umpolung are benzoin condensation and reactions involving carbonyls and dithianes.
Benzoin Condensation
Benzoin Condensation is a reaction between two aromatic aldehydes catalysed by alcoholic KCN. The reaction begins with the nucleophilic attack of the cyanide ion on the carbonyl group which is followed by a rearrangement of the intermediate formed leading to reversal of polarity at the carbonyl carbon. The carbonyl carbon which is otherwise positive becomes negative after the rearrangement.
The carbon atom which is now negatively charged acts as a nucleophile and atatcks another molecule of the aromatic aldehyde leading to the formation of the product after a couple of steps including the one that eliminates the cyanide ion.
Dithiane Reactions
Ethylene diol is generally used to protect carbonyl compounds from undergoing any unwanted reaction in certain reactions. If the sulphur anolog (ethane-1,2-dithiol) of ethylene diol is used in protecting the carbonyl group, it opens up an opportunity of reversing the polarity of the carbonyl carbon which is otherwise not possible with ethylene diol.
The carbonyl carbon can carrying a negative charge is favoured as the negative charge can gain stbility by resonating in the vacant orbitals of sulphur atom which is not possible with oxygen atom in its place.