What Is Level 3 Data? (And Why It Matters for B2B Payments)
If you run a business that accepts corporate cards, purchasing cards, or government procurement cards, you have probably noticed that your interchange fees are higher than you expected. The reason, in most cases, comes down to one thing: you are not submitting level 3 data at the point of transaction.
I have worked with finance teams and payment operations leads who had no idea this level of data even existed. Once they understood it and once they started submitting it, their effective processing rates dropped noticeably. Let me walk you through exactly what level 3 data is, how it compares to level 2 data, and why it matters for your bottom line.
The Three Levels of Payment Data
Every card transaction carries data. The question is how much of it you send along with the payment. Card networks like Visa and Mastercard have established three tiers of data richness, and each tier comes with different interchange rate eligibility.
Level 1 data is the baseline. It includes the cardholder name, the transaction amount, the merchant name, and the date. This is what a typical retail or consumer transaction looks like. Most point-of-sale systems stop here.
Level 2 data adds more context. On top of level 1 fields, level 2 credit card processing requires you to include the sales tax amount, the customer code or purchase order number, and, in some cases the merchant ZIP code and tax ID. This is already a step above what most B2C merchants submit, and it qualifies transactions for lower interchange rates when the card used is a corporate or purchasing card.
Level 3 data is the most detailed tier. Level 3 credit card processing requires everything from levels 1 and 2, plus line-item detail for every product or service in the transaction. This includes item descriptions, quantities, unit prices, product codes, freight amounts, discount amounts, and ship-to ZIP codes. Think of it as a machine-readable invoice embedded directly in the payment record.
Understanding where your transactions currently qualify is similar to running an approval rate drop analysis: the problem is often invisible until you look at the data systematically.
Why Level 3 Data Matters for B2B Transactions
The interchange rate system rewards data richness. Card networks and issuing banks use transaction data to manage risk and provide spending visibility to corporate cardholders and procurement teams. The more detail you provide, the less risk the issuer perceives, and the lower the interchange rate they apply.
According to Visa’s published interchange rate tables, qualifying transactions with Visa Level 3 Data can earn significantly reduced interchange rates compared to standard corporate card transactions. For high-volume B2B merchants, this difference can amount to tens of thousands of dollars annually.
A Forrester report on card payment optimization found that merchants often miss revenue opportunities because they do not fully use available optimization tactics, including enhanced data fields and better payment-system integration.
This is not a niche issue. The B2B payments market is measured in trillions of dollars annually, and the interchange cost embedded in those transactions is substantial.
Who Benefits Most from Level 2 and Level 3 Data?
Not every business needs to worry about this. Level 2 and Level 3 data qualifications apply specifically to commercial card types, not standard consumer Visa or Mastercard transactions.
If your business sells to:
Government agencies using procurement cards
Large enterprises using corporate purchasing cards
Healthcare or educational institutions with card-based purchasing programs
…then you are almost certainly leaving money on the table if you are not submitting enhanced data.
Suppliers, distributors, SaaS companies billing enterprise clients, and manufacturers with B2B payment flows are the primary beneficiaries. I have seen mid-sized distributors reduce their effective processing rate by 0.3 to 0.5 percentage points just by switching to a gateway that supports level 3 data submission. At volume, that is a material cost saving.
This is the same logic that underlies a solid multi-acquirer strategy: you are not changing what you sell, you are changing how intelligently the payment infrastructure around it operates.
Talk to our payments team. We will review your transaction data and tell you exactly what interchange rates you currently qualify for.
What Does Level 3 Data Look Like in Practice?
To bring this to life: imagine you sell office supplies to a government agency. A standard transaction might say “Office Depot, $1,240.00.” A level 3 transaction would include a breakdown of every item purchased, unit price, quantity, item description, and freight charge, all transmitted as structured data alongside the payment.
The card-issuing bank on the buyer’s side can then reconcile that against the buyer’s purchase order automatically. This is why procurement-heavy organizations and government buyers often require their vendors to support level 3 processing. It is not optional for many supplier relationships.
As payment strategy consultant Chris Bucolo noted in a B2B payments industry panel, “Level 3 data is not a payment optimization trick. It is simply the correct way to submit a commercial card transaction.”
This kind of structured data richness also plays into card scheme compliance: networks increasingly expect merchants in B2B categories to submit appropriate data fields, and failure to do so can trigger downgrades or reviews.
How to Start Submitting Level 3 Data
You need a payment gateway or processor that supports level 3 data submission. Not all of them do, and many that claim support do not make it easy to configure.
Look for:
A gateway with native level 3 data fields in its API or virtual terminal
Integration with your ERP or order management system so line-item data flows automatically
A processor that will verify your data is qualifying correctly and not just passing it through without validation
If you are unsure whether your current setup qualifies transactions at level 2 or level 3, your processor should be able to pull a data quality report from recent transaction batches. If they cannot, that is itself a sign to reconsider your processing relationship.
This is also where gateway compliance monitoring becomes directly useful: it gives you ongoing visibility into whether your data submission is actually working as intended, rather than assuming it is because you switched gateway settings once.
For merchants already managing payment orchestration across multiple processors, level 3 data configuration needs to be set correctly at each node, not just the primary one.
The Cost of Doing Nothing
The math here is straightforward. If your business processes $500,000 per month in commercial card volume and you are currently qualifying at a standard corporate card rate, the difference between that rate and a level 3 rate could represent $15,000 to $30,000 annually. Over three years, that is a meaningful sum.
According to Gartner’s research on the future of digital payments and profit optimization, organizations that actively manage interchange optimization as part of their treasury and payment operations consistently outperform peers in payment‑processing cost as a percentage of revenue. Level 3 data submission is one of the most direct levers available for reducing interchange fees on B2B and corporate‑card transactions.
That savings compounds when you look at total payment profitability. As covered in our profitability analysis guide, interchange is one of the largest controllable cost lines in a payment operation, and most businesses do not manage it actively.
Conclusion
Level 3 data is not a technical detail you can afford to ignore if you operate in B2B payments. It is the difference between paying a standard interchange rate and qualifying for the lowest available rate on commercial card transactions. The three tiers of payment data, from the basic level 1 fields most systems submit by default, to the full line-item detail required for level 3 credit card processing, represent a real and measurable cost gap.
Visa Level 3 Data requirements are specific. Your gateway either supports them correctly or it does not. Your transactions are either qualifying or they are downgrading. And the savings from getting this right are not theoretical. They show up directly in your effective processing rate, every single month.
If you are serious about payment cost optimization, level 3 data is one of the fastest moves available. And it is one that most of your competitors have not made yet.
Ready to find out if your current setup is qualifying transactions correctly? Contact the BeastInsights team for a payment data review.