WJ Chinese Academy

WJ Chinese Academy set up in y2016, located in Beijing of China.

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5 Types of Traditional Chinese Clothing & Dress

The story of clothing is one of the fascinating developments in human history. Each country in the world has its unique traditional costumes, which can identify specific histories and cultures and enable people to distinguish different citizens.

China is a country with a long history, and many ethnic minorities have their own national culture. The mutual influence of these different cultures has created rich textures and fabrics in history, which has brought about significant changes and glories in Chinese clothing.

Chinese traditional costumes were formed and developed under the interaction between the outside world and China's own dynastic traditions.

Each Dynasty had different boundaries, social values, social norms, etc. As a result, many aesthetic standards were based on the circumstances of a particular dynasty (social, geographical, economic, political). This is the main reason why there are so many styles of traditional Chinese dress.

5 kinds of traditional Chinese clothing

Before we explore the world of traditional Chinese clothing, it is necessary to learn the five most classic categories. They are Hanfu, Cheongsam, Tang Zhuang, Zhongshan Zhuang, and ethnic customs.

Each category has its own production process, and there are significant differences between different types or when the same model is compared at different times.

This article will briefly introduce each category. By reading the following, we can build the basic framework of traditional Chinese clothing.

The name of Hanfu comes from Chinese, which means "clothes of the Han people" and includes all types and styles of traditional clothing worn by the Han people.

The common ancestor of the Han people in Huaxia. Huaxia is the name of the original alliance of agricultural tribes in the Yellow River valley. The term Huaxia represents a corporate alliance of neolithic farming tribes, Hua and Xia, who lived in the central plains in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in northern China.

Hanfu, like its definition, was born at the beginning of the development history of the Han people. Therefore, it has the most extended history among all the traditional Chinese clothing.

1, Historical Hanfu

Hanfu has a history of more than 3,000 years. From its history, Hanfu has been inextricably linked with silk, which is said to have been discovered by the Yellow Emperor's wife, Leizu.

From the Yellow Emperor (2969-2598 BC) to the Ming dynasty (1368-1644 BC), Hanfu dominated China's fashion world.

Each Dynasty had its own style and aesthetics. Such as the pre-qin period "Shenyi"; your clothes from the Qin and Han dynasties; Tiaowenjiansequn of the Wei dynasty; Bambi in Sui and Tang dynasties.

Some clothes were trendy in different dynasties, some were just a flash in the pan. In both cases, all Hanfu evolved and influenced each other to some extent.

Although there are many styles of Hanfu, each can be assembled with a suit of clothes.

Yi (衣) any open cross-collar garment, and worn by both sexes

Pao (袍) any closed full-body garment, worn only by men

Ru (襦) open cross-collar shirt

Shan (衫) open cross-collar shirt or jacket that is worn over the Yi

Qun (裙) or Chang (裳) skirt for women and men

Ku (裈) trousers or pants

 Follows are the introduction of some Hanfu styles.

Zhongyi (中衣) or Zhongdan (中单)  inner garments, mostly white cotton or silk

Shanqun (衫裙)   a short coat with a long skirt

Ruqun (襦裙)  a top clothing with a separate lower garment or skirt

Kuzhe (裤褶)  a short coat with trousers

Zhiduo/Zhishen (直裰/直身)   a Ming Dynasty style robe, similar to a Shenyi but with vents at the side and “stitched sleeves” (eg, the sleeve cuff is closed save a small opening for the hand to go through)

Daopao/Fusha (道袍/彿裟)  Taoist/Buddhist priests’ full-dress ceremonial robes

Xuanduan (玄端)   a very formal dark robe; equivalent to the Western white tie

Shenyi (深衣)   a long whole-body garment

Quju (曲裾)  diagonal body wrapping

Zhiju (直裾)   straight lapels

Yuanlingshan (圆领衫), Lanshan (襕衫) or Panlingpao (盘领袍): closed, round-collared robe; mostly used for official or academical dress

reference wiki

2. Cheongsam or Qipao

The cheongsam is a kind of traditional dress, its history can be traced back to the 17th century. It is Manchu tights with distinctive Chinese characteristics. In the 1920s and 1930s, it was known as the "Mandas dress" and became popular among upper-class women in Shanghai.

The history of the cheongsam

In the qing dynasty, the Manchu, not the Han, ruled China. The rulers used an administrative division called the eight flags system. At first, only Manchu families were organized in the order, but above them were Mongols and Han Chinese.

The Manchus and anyone living under the eight banners wore clothes different from those of ordinary people. The garment is made up of robes similar to those of men and women and is called a robe.

For a time, under the laws of the Dynasty after 1636, and all Han Chinese had to wear Manchu men's hair, line up, and wear Manchu robes instead of traditional Han dress, or else they were sentenced to death.

In the 19th century, however, it was common for women to wear cheongsam voluntarily on both formal and casual occasions.

Today, the cheongsam is known for its exotic but straightforward lines and has inspired many foreign film adaptations. It is prevalent because it suits the figure of Chinese women very well; the line is simple, looks very elegant. Suitable for young and old people to wear throughout the year.

Modern women do not wear cheongsam as their daily wear. It is now only worn for formal occasions, such as weddings, parties, and beauty pageants. It is also used as a uniform by some Chinese restaurants, hotels, and airlines.

In China, cheongsam is usually a red wedding dress. Cheongsam is generally embroidered with exquisite gold and silver patterns. Brides in southern China wear a cheongsam or a two-piece makeover with elaborate golden dragons and phoenixes. Dragon and phoenix are the traditional wedding patterns favored by Chinese brides today.

3. Tang Suit

Tang suit, also translated as Tangzhuang, is often referred to as a modern Chinese jacket rather than a Tang dynasty.

Origin of name

Although the Tang suit is not the costume of the Tang dynasty, it has a particular relationship with the Tang dynasty. The Tang dynasty was one of the most prosperous periods in Chinese history. Therefore, people often use "Tang" to refer to traditional Chinese culture. For example, Chinatowns in the US or UK are also known as "Chinatown (Tang people street)".

Tang suit, as the name of Chinatown, represents a kind of dress with deep Chinese traditional culture.

Tang Suit History

The history of the Tang suit can be traced back to the early 20th century (late Qing dynasty). It is a combination of Manchu jacket elements and western jacket elements.

The Chinese government released a new unified system in 1929. Under this new system, the Tang suit became a kind of formal dress for Chinese men. Also around 1929, the media all over the world start to extensive reports and the introduction to the Tang suit. People all over the world began to think of the Tang suit as one of the most typical traditional Chinese clothes.

In recent years, with the diversification of Tang suit styles and production techniques, the Tang suit is becoming more and more popular not only In China but also in the world.

Tang suit appeared in many international events. In 2001, the Asia-pacific economic cooperation (APEC) meeting, all the leaders wore Tang suit, blue, bright red, and with China's national flower peony circular design. Besides, the Tang suit also appeared in the 2008 Olympic Games and some of the World Trade Organization meeting.

Also, Tang suit elements have appeared in many famous Kungfu films and TV series. Thanks to the joint efforts of designers and the cultural industry, the influence of the Tang suit has spread further and further.

4. Zhongshan Suit

The modern Chinese tunic suit is a style of male attire known initially in China as the Zhongshan suit (after Sun Yet-Sen, also called Sun Zhongshan), and later as the Mao suit (after Mao Zedong).

Sun yat-sen introduced the style as a form of national costume in China shortly after the founding of the Republic of China, despite its obvious political and later governmental implications. He designed the suit based on the uniforms of Japanese military cadets.

The suit is also said to have cultural connotations, with four pockets representing the four great virtues of Chinese culture: propriety, righteousness, honesty and shame, and five buttons representing five branches of the Chinese government.

History of the Zhongshan Suit

When the Republic of China was founded in 1912, China's style of dress was based on Manchu clothing (cheongsam and Changshan), which the Qing dynasty imposed as a form of social control.

The majority of Han Chinese revolutionaries who overthrew the Qing were fueled by the failure of the Qing to defend China and a lack of scientific advancement compared to the West. Even before the founding of the Republic, older forms of Chinese dress were becoming unpopular among the elite. They led to the development of Chinese dress which combined the changshan and the Western hat to form a new dress. The Zhongshan suit is a similar development that combined Western and Eastern fashions.

Most of the Han revolutionaries overthrew the Qing government because it failed to defend China and lack of scientific progress compared to the West. Even before the founding of the republic, the old Chinese dress had become unpopular among the elite, which led to the development of Chinese dress, which combined the Changshan with the western hat to form a new dress. Zhongshan suit is a similar development that combines western and eastern fashions.

The Zhongshan suit remains the standard dress for the first and second generation of leaders of the People's Republic of China, including Deng Xiaoping. In the 1990s, as more and more Chinese politicians began to wear traditional western-style suits and ties, leaders of general secretary Jiang Zemin's generation began to wear them less and less frequently.

Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao, and Xi Jinping only wear Zhongshan suits for special occasions, such as essential banquets or the 2019 celebration of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China.

Hu Jintao even showed up to a black-tie state dinner in the United States wearing a business suit, attracting some criticism for being underdressed at a formal occasion. In the Xi Jinping administration, however, the Zhongshan suit made a comeback as a diplomatic uniform and evening dress.

 5. Ethnic Minorities

Japan, Korea, France, Greece, and other countries are nation-states. China has been a multi-ethnic country since ancient times.

China's ethnic minorities are the non-Han population of China. China officially recognizes 55 ethnic minorities except the Han. As of 2010, the officially recognized ethnic minority population accounted for 8.49% of the mainland's population.

The degree of difference among ethnic groups is inconsistent. Many ethnic groups have been described as having unique characteristics with other ethnic minorities and the Han. Still, some are very similar to the Han majority. The vast majority of Hui are indistinguishable from Han Chinese except that they are Muslim, and most Manchus are considered primarily integrated into the dominant Han Chinese society.

There are 55 ethnic minorities, including Mongolian, Hui, Tibetan, Uygur, Miao, Yi, Zhuang, Dai and etc.

In terms of minority costumes, there are significant differences among ethnic groups due to the influence of geography, culture, history, and other factors.

Features of the ethnic minority clothing

The characteristic feature of minority clothing is colorful, exquisite, and distinctive. Every aspect of their clothing, such as raw materials, textile technology, fashion, and decoration, retains distinct national and local characteristics.

The Hezhen people lived mainly by fishing and used to make fishskin clothes. The Oroque and Ewenki, hunting nationalities, used roe skin and animal tendon to make their clothes

The Mongolians, Tibetans, Kazakstan, Khalkhases, Yugurs, etc., who are mainly engaged in stockbreeding, make their apparel mostly from animal skin and hair. Moreover, the agricultural minorities usually use locally produced cotton or twine as raw material for weaving and clothing

The technology of weaving, tanning, and felting has a long history in ethnic minorities. For example, the kapok cloth of Li nationality, the wool fabric of Tibetan nationality, the Adelie silk of Uygur nationality, the furs of Oroqen, and so on have been enjoying the world reputation.

The costume designs and forms of China's ethnic minorities are varied. Generally speaking, there are two categories: long dresses and short dresses. People usually wear hats and boots with long skirts and headgear and shoes with short clothes.

The robe comes in many forms: the Mongolian, Manchu, and Tu people wear a high-necked forward style. Tibetan wear no collar inclined forward.

The tilted-front style worn by the Uygur and other ethnic minorities. And so on. As for short clothes, there are two kinds: trousers and skirts.

The costumes of ethnic minorities not only vary significantly according to different nationalities but also have different branches and different regions within the same nationality. Differences can be seen from province to province, from county to county, and even from village to village. Clothing is the most visible symbol of a nation. Historically, many countries were named after their clothing.

 7 key changes to traditional Chinese clothing

5 categories of traditional Chinese clothing are introduced. In general, each of these can be identified by 7 key changes.

1, In design, traditional Chinese clothing is usually straight cut, loose shape. Also, the overall harmony of the dress is also emphasized.

2, Embroidery is a folk art with a long tradition. It occupies an essential position in the history of Chinese arts and crafts. In its long development process, it is inseparable from sericulture, silk reeling, and weaving. The production of silk threads and fabrics gave rise to the Chinese art of embroidery, which became very complicated and delicate.

3, In daily life, people usually wear light-colored clothes. Red, bright yellow and purple were typically reserved for emperors and royalty. Most of the crowd wore red at the wedding. Besides, white dresses are usually worn at funerals. For example, for women, only the wives of queens or officials can wear real red, which is not allowed for concubines.

4, In ancient feudal society, people's rank and social status were easily reflected in their daily clothes, especially for ordinary people and the upper class. Among the upper ruling classes, only the emperors were given the symbol of the yellow and dragon in traditional Chinese costume as the only affirmation of their power. As for ministers, generals, councilors, and their wives, their uniforms also had strict rules on how many lions or cranes were to be embroidered.

5, In terms of gender, women's clothing is more diverse than men's clothing. Compared with men's wear, women's wear has more decorations, objects, and styles.

6, In the beginning, the ancient Chinese just covered their bodies with leaves. With the development of agriculture, more clothing materials appeared. In later years, linen, cotton, and silk were the primary materials. During the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), according to the government's policies of heavy farming and restricting commerce, merchants were forbidden to wear silk clothes, even if they were rich.

7, Almost every Dynasty in history had its own unique costumes, some of which were genuinely exquisite.

Nowadays, more and more fashion designers are committed to improving the traditional fashion design. As wearers, we are not only consumers but also co-manufacturers. Especially in today's market, people are free to choose any style of clothing. Our likes and dislikes determine the course of costume design.

This article only gives a very brief introduction to traditional Chinese clothing. Each of these five categories can be further divided into more subcategories. This is an extensive map, and we've only seen a small part of it.

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5 hints learn Mandarin

As a non-Asian understudy during the 1980s who graduated with a B.A. in the Chinese tongue and history, and an M.A. in East Asian Studies focused on built-up Chinese composition, I ended up being somewhat a "peculiarity" for family and associates. Back then, China was scarcely starting to ascend out of its constrainment in the overall system, and my own eagerness for concentrate Chinese caused a stir — as if I were looking for after a subject which was way out on the outskirts and had negligible rational occupation applications.

At the point when I thusly began my calling in business in the wake of completing an M.B.A in the mid-1990s, China was by then starting to use its business and political muscles on the widespread stage. Regardless, and still, after all that, countless of my partner's accomplices despite everything considered me to be with Chinese as next to no more than an astonishing subject for social conversation, and a limit that would enable me to organize the best, the most genuine sustenance in Chinese diners. That was by then, this is available.

In 2013, China's central and consistently growing part in worldwide political and business endeavors are both by and large saw, and continually standing apart as genuinely newsworthy over the world. Along these lines, continuous years have seen what must be portrayed as the full throes of Chinese-tongue "fever" in the United States. Over our urban networks, Chinese vernacular projects are rapidly ascending to address the necessities of involved business specialists who are wanting to rapidly follow a working competency in Chinese to even more effectively gather overall business associations.

Meanwhile, Chinese vernacular has ended up being one of the fastest creating subjects in the enlightening circle, with basic/discretionary schools and colleges the country over dashing to add Chinese to their outside tongue teaching records. From 1998 to 2009, U.S. student selection in Chinese lingo classes significantly expanded, as did the number of auxiliary school understudies taking the AP Chinese test in the midst of the multi-year time span from 2007-2010. Administratively financed ventures, for instance, The Language Flagship have moreover incited such advancement using concentrated indicating methods of reasoning and activities open at the K-12 and school/school levels.

Against this foundation, my own Chinese lingo recognition has out of nowhere placed me in the circumstance of a trusted in a guide for accomplices and understudies who are logically scanning me out for my commitment to the most ideal approach to best take right now. Thusly, from one long stretch understudy of Chinese to every last one of the people who attempt to achieve a working data of this spellbinding lingo, here are my best five bits of information:

1. Fathom that Chinese, while irksome, can in like manner be anything other than hard to learn.

By far most trust that Chinese is a champion among the most irksome vernaculars on earth. In a couple of distinguishes, this is legitimate. The Chinese composed work system is non-alphabetic, containing a large number of pictographs called "characters," which ought to be considered and masked through redundancy recognition and steady examining and forming over a broad stretch of time. Besides, Chinese is a "tonal" vernacular, inferring that changing the condition of one's voice over a singular syllable can truly make different words with various ramifications. The most eminent case in Mandarin Chinese is the syllable "mom" which, dependent upon how it is enunciated, might connote "mother," "hemp," "horse," or the action word "to scold." This is a segment of the talked lingo which doesn't exist in a comparative shape in Western vernaculars, and right now pose unprecedented challenges in various non-Asian understudies.

Regardless, what most non-Chinese don't comprehend is that the lingo parades one of the least complex language structures on the planet. Sentence structure, all things considered, mirrors that of English (subject + action word + question). Action words exist in a single edge, with no conjugations by any means. There is no sexual direction, no plural things, and remembering that frameworks do exist to communicate tense (for example past/display/future), they are impressively more direct than those of any Western lingo. North American understudies who are generously progressively alright with both Spanish and French would in a brief instant find Chinese accentuation refreshingly key, and altogether more open than those tongues.

2. Learn Mandarin, not Cantonese.

There are really hundreds, if not thousands, of nearby and neighborhood spoke Chinese tongues which have made over the broad stretch of China's built up history when transportation was basic, conveyed media non-existent, and a considerable number individuals lived and kicked the can inside a little range of their beginning. Regardless of the way that speakers of each and every Chinese language share the equivalent, non-phonetic made tongue, an extensive parcel of the vernaculars are usually befuddled when talked, offering to climb to the excellent limit of Chinese speakers from different districts to stay in contact with one another, despite when they can't converse with one another. Among Chinese who have emigrated, the two most ordinary talked tongues are Mandarin and Cantonese. Really, Cantonese overpowered inside the greatest Chinese social order in the United States and Canada as a result of a period of Chinese movement set up in the southern Chinese areas of Guangdong (Canton) Province and Hong Kong. In any case, with the continuous gigantic union of Mainland Chinese, Mandarin-talking laborers over the latest 20+ years, Mandarin will before the long match, and at last outperform, Cantonese to wind up the mind-boggling spoken Chinese dialect in North America.

For non-Chinese attempting to take in the lingo, Mandarin is the sensible choice. Mandarin, the extraordinary language in Northern China, is the official tongue of legislative issues, guidance, and media in both Mainland China and Taiwan, and it is one of the four-position lingos of Singapore. In fact, even in Hong Kong, which for the most part has been a Cantonese-talking an area, Mandarin use is by and by inescapable since the appearance of China's influence in 1997. In Mainland China, the Chinese word for "Mandarin" translates as the "ordinary tongue," and outside of the Mainland it is normally implied as to the "national vernacular" — both these terms are normal for the far-reaching accomplish which competency in Mandarin can deal with the expense of a speaker. Fortunately, for understudies of Chinese, Mandarin is similarly apparently the least requesting of all the Chinese tongues to get the hang of, owing to a "tonal" structure which is fundamentally more clear than that of Cantonese and most various languages.

3. Talk first, by then pick in case you need to scrutinize and form.

Given the multifaceted idea of the Chinese created tongue, separated to the comparative ease of the grammar, arranged understudies of Chinese would do well to base on making sense of how to talk single by then handle the made lingo if their assessments or business anticipate that them should do in that capacity. While the tonal character of the talked tongue is a test, this can be aced modestly quick, instead of the various years expected to achieve a working nature with the couple of thousand formed characters that most trained Chinese adults have learned. Clearly, most Chinese vernacular projects simultaneously educate both the talked and formed tongue. It is dependent upon the individual understudy to pick where to underscore their necessities.

4. If you do decide to make Chinese, consider learning "rearranged" characters.

There are two critical Chinese organization systems starting at now being utilized on the planet — "regular" or "confounded" Chinese characters, and "unraveled" Chinese characters. Ordinary characters are the characters created from old Chinese pictographs, and which have been used all through most of Chinese history to introduce day times. A significant parcel of these characters is, meanwhile, both exquisite and complex, requiring understudies of Chinese to go through various hours and nighttimes practicing stunning "stroke orders" to fittingly outline words. Beginning in the midst of a century prior, the council in Mainland China began to declare a substitute game plan of Chinese creation called "unraveled" characters with an ultimate objective to definitely increase formed capability all through the country. For certain characters, this system out and out decreases the amount of brush or pen strokes required to shape specific words, therefore engaging understudies to even more quickly present the characters to memory.

Today, streamlined characters are the official substance of both Mainland China and Singapore, while ordinary characters are so far the standard in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and inside most Chinese outsider systems all through the world. While I would at present engage understudies of Chinese who hope to go through various years making and refining their abilities to begin by learning standard characters (and at precisely that point overlay a data of streamlined characters), anyone hoping to animate they're making sure about of the created tongue would do well regardless the adjusted substance.

5. Consider your assessments significant.

Unlike various Western tongues which share some ordinary etymological roots with English and which can routinely be adjusted fairly quick with a ton of self-consider, obtaining a fundamental competency in a lingo as not equivalent to English as Chinese requires an unusual condition of obligation and assurance. Basically, this infers:

5.1 Except on the off chance that you have an interesting bowed for learning outside vernaculars, you no doubt won't learn Chinese in a once seven days, one-hour private meeting. Or on the other hand, perhaps, start via looking for a set up Chinese vernacular program or workshop. Universities and committed tongue schools are an average spot to start. A couple of colleges significantly offer raised courses that pack a whole year of fundamental Chinese into 4 two months. Complete your work to find the best program.

5.2 if notwithstanding you search for an instructional exercise, essentially scanning for a neighborhood speaker of Chinese to consider with doesn't continually mean you will procure the best course. Chinese outcasts establish the single greatest Asian American people, addressing 3+ million people the country over, countless whom would be playful to educate new understudies of Chinese. In any case, urging Western understudies to overcome the excellent deterrents of the tongue is one of a kind fitness. If you pick private activities, scan for a nearby speaker with exhibited capable or private indicating accreditations and what's more a rundown of past understudy references.

5.3 At last, practice, sharpen, sharpen. Luckily, those 3+ million Chinese Americans are our neighbors. At the point when you have made basic conversational aptitudes, go into the best Chinese social order of our country and talk. Solicitation a lunch, buy a book, talk about the atmosphere, or solicitation headings — whether or not you needn't waste time with any! Westerners who have aced Chinese will similarly by and large confirm that real recognition comes exactly when one has put some vitality in a Chinese-talking district of Asia. Thusly, get ready for your next journey for work, misuse some present time and place or long stretch Chinese lingo courses available in China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, or Singapore, or essentially plan an individual or family experience to Asia.

One of those particularly acclaimed Chinese expressions says, "A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single development." Well, it positively doesn't need to take a "thousand miles" to learn Chinese, however at this point, more than ever, it is the perfect open door for more Americans to wander out.

last, you can learn Chinese in cchatty community

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Buddha Jumps Over the Wall

With respect to Chinese dishes, individuals tend to think they are solid and scrumptious. Indeed, they are. Yet, today, I might want to acquaint with you a absurdly delightful and puzzling cooking from the place where I grew up: Buddha Jumps Over the Wall. Buddha jumps over the wall is a Chinese name which sounds exhausting. Give me a chance to give you its English interpretation — "Buddha Jumps Over the Wall". It's just plain obvious, amazing and funny! Actually, its name doesn't make any relationship with flavorful nourishment. Befuddled? I will disclose to you the story behind that.

Buddha Jumps Over the Wall is a well known Fujianese (Fujian is a southeastern area in China) dish frequently served at luxurious meals. Setting up the dish is troublesome and tedious, for it unites a wide range of fixings. Buddha Jumps over the Wall is produced using various rarities and is viewed as one of the preeminent dishes in Chinese food. A run of the mill formula requires numerous fixings including quail eggs, bamboo shoots, scallops, ocean cucumber, abalone, shark blade, chicken, Jinhua ham (viewed as the best ham in China), pork ligament, ginseng, mushrooms, and taro. A few formulas require up to thirty fundamental fixings and twelve sauces. Utilization of shark blade, which is here and there reaped by shark finning, and abalone, which is embroiled in ruinous angling rehearses, are disputable for both natural and moral reasons. Extraordinary expertise is required to set up the dish: in excess of 10 fixings must be stewed gradually for a long time with simply the privilege measure of warmth. The dish has a great fragrance and is basically powerful. All things considered, the aptitude to cook this riddle food is considered as a national mystery which is unbendingly ensured by the Chinese Government, which in part clarifies why it is so costly.

About the starting point of its clever name, there are three forms of stories. The soonest specify of the expression "Buddha Jumps over the Wall" shows up in a book from the Song tradition (960-1279 BC). Stories proliferate with regards to the source of the dish's beautiful name. As per one adaptation, the fragrant scent of the dish was powerful to the point that it incited a Buddhist priest to move over the religious community divider to experience it.

Another variant says that a priest arranged the dish one day, adding numerous non-vegan fixings to his stew and that when he was gotten eating it he needed to jump over his cloister dividers to get away. In any case, it is difficult to demonstrate or invalidate both of these renditions. A third story says that amid the Qing tradition (1644-1911 BC), the dish was first arranged by an authority from Fuzhou (the place where I grew up where I burned through the multi-year before school), who was attempting to establish a decent connection on his predominant, Zhou Lian. He consolidated numerous fixings; including pork, duck, and chicken, and stewed them gradually in an urn that was utilized to hold Shaoxing wine (Shaoxing is a well-known city in Eastern China and well known for Eastern style Chinese sustenance and shocking customary Chinese water city landscape with the acclaim of Eastern Venice). In the wake of tasting the dish, Zhou lauded it bountifully and asked what the dish was called. The man answered that it was planned to bring "good fortunes and success, joy and lifespan," thus it was called Happiness and Longevity. Zhou's gourmet expert at that point recorded the formula and enhanced the dish, and at the point when Zhou served it to his visitors somebody composed a couple of lines, saying that "The fragrant scent invades the area, so priests overlook their Zen contemplations and come bouncing over the divider." Ever from that point forward the dish has been known as Buddha Jumps over the Wall.

Since Buddha jumps over the wall is made of numerous valuable fixings and devour much time to be arranged, and even requires a gifted gourmet expert with rich experience to control the season of stewing, it is exceptionally costly for visitors to have a true Buddha Jumps Over the Wall in the place where I grew up. With respect to me, I just have tasted bona fide Buddha Jumps Over the Wall once amid a family get-together ten years back. In those days, that cooking cost around 100 USD in eateries. Today, you may need to pay up to 500 USD to get it in the couple of eateries that continue serving it. I don't figure I can portray how staggeringly delightful it is with my pale words.

Be that as it may, I do trust this cooking has an enchantment to influence you to feel fulfilled and glad since when I had it, at first spoon. It resembled a cluster of daylight illuminated my reality absolutely instantly, which influenced me to feel that it is such a fortune to be alive and that life is so beautiful; I couldn't resist going gaga for it. I swear that the remarkable flavor encounter it brought me is the best kind of joy brought by nourishment I have encountered up until now. Give me a chance to demonstrate to you some beautiful pictures to make you draw nearer to my most loved cooking—Buddha Jumps Over the Wall.

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learn Chinese effectively

Numerous individuals say Chinese is the most troublesome dialect on the planet. Some may not concur, but rather the truth of the matter is that Chinese is unquestionably difficult for apprentices. To begin learning Chinese, you have to genuinely set yourself up. Be that as it may, how to locate the correct method to contemplate Chinese for amateurs? How can one not end up detached to this dialect and keep on studying it notwithstanding when it appears as though it’s difficult to find success with it? Here, I might want to impart a few hints to the individuals who have quite recently begun to learn Chinese.

How about we begin with this: be ready that the start of taking in the dialect is the most troublesome period in concentrate Chinese. The principal month or month and a half of Chinese dialect classes will appear to simply be exercises of singing and drawing. The instructor will educate you on the most proficient method to legitimately sing the tones and draw the characters perfectly. However, at that point all of a sudden, a similar educator will request that you learn 30 new characters at the same time, influence you to rehash sentences a few times until the point that you effectively take after the tones, and gives you new syntactic developments. At this stage, numerous fledglings can’t stand such a hop from basic exercises to complex ones and surrender. Trust me, in the event that you conquer this and continue going, you will receive the benefits of your endeavors, and the characters and way of talking will, in the long run, get comfortable.

Second, contemplate for shorter eras, yet do it all the more frequently. It is smarter to give in any event 30 minutes consistently than to sit for a considerable length of time on Saturday endeavoring to remember such a significant number of new characters without a moment’s delay. In the wake of taking in another word, attempt to think of a sentence, to play with it. So on the off chance that you have learned “to contemplate” 学习（xué xí）, consider the things which you and your companions or relatives ponder and portray them, for instance, 我学习汉语，我姐姐学习英语（Wǒ xuéxí hànyǔ, wǒ jiějie xuéxí yīng yǔ）.

Painstakingly think about the characters and note their implications. Perhaps the word and the character help you to remember something? Possibly it causes some psychological affiliations? This can help apprentices a ton in recollecting new vocabulary. This sort of remembering is called memory helpers and is extremely valuable for taking in the Chinese dialect. A case of mental helpers in Chinese is this word: “to have rest” 休（xiū）. Here you can envision a man (the left half of the character), having a rest under a tree (the correct side of the character). This case is just a single out of many analogical cases.

Here’s another tip: don’t endeavor to put excessively numerous words into your head at the same time. Take ten new words and do with them everything that is said in the past passage. Do this to the point that the words and characters are planted in your memory, with the goal that they get comfortable and simple for you.

Next, I might want you to focus on the radicals. Chinese characters can be deconstructed into parts called radicals. When I began to examine Chinese with my colleagues, we were compelled to learn radicals and compose correspondences consistently. We genuinely did not comprehend why we expected to get the hang of something that can’t be utilized independently. Simply after some time did we understand that the radicals resemble the blocks for a house. They resemble the establishment of a symbolic representation. They are keys to help figure the significance of an obscure character, to help comprehend what sort of elocution it can have. The most essential thing is that knowing the radicals causes you to become acclimated to characters and figure out how to recognize them since when you simply begin to learn Chinese online, each character is by all accounts resemble a similar arrangement of lines. For instance, the character “brush” 笔 （bǐ）has two radicals – bamboo and fleece. On the off chance that we secure a bamboo stay with a bit of fleece together, we will get a brush.

Taking everything into account, I might want to accentuate this: don’t stop considering Chinese, regardless of what happens. Truly, toward the starting it will appear that the local speakers don’t comprehend anything you say, the characters you compose are appalling and abnormal, and sentence structure botches happen all of a sudden. In any case, Chinese is a delightful dialect that you should love on the off chance that you need to talk it. It took me quite a long while to love it truly. I attempted to change from Chinese to European dialects, yet inevitably I returned to the Chinese dialect, and I’m not going to quit considering it, regardless of whether it takes me my entire life to think about it.

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learn Chinese Idioms from Dragon and Phoenix

Animals have always been an indispensable part of the Chinese people’s daily lives. Naturally, many Chinese words reflect the close relationship between animals and the Chinese people. For example, in the Year of the Dragon, people will say “生龙活虎”(shēng lóng huó hǔ, which means doughty as a dragon and lively as a tiger); this describes someone who is full of vim and vigor. In this article, I will present to you a few frequently used animal-related Chinese words.

Dragon 龙

“龙”(lóng, dragon) is a fictitious animal (just like it is in Western cultures). This animal combines the features of many real animals such as the deer, ox, fish, snake, and so on. “龙” has a unique significance to the Chinese people. In the minds of the Chinese, “龙” is holy and sacred and can control the rain and wind. The Chinese people often proudly call themselves “龙的传人”(lóng de chuán rén, descendants of “the dragon”).

Below are some common Chinese words involving “虎”:

1) “龙潭虎穴”(lóng tán hǔ xué) Literally, “龙潭虎穴” means “dragon’s pond and tiger’s lair.”

Colloquially, “龙潭虎穴” means “a dangerous place.”

E.g.

警察经常深入龙潭虎穴去调查疑难案件。

(Jīng chá jīng cháng shēn rù lóng tán hǔ xué qù diào chá yí nán àn jiàn.)

The police often walk into dangerous places to investigate difficult cases.

2) “龙腾虎跃”(lóng téng hǔ yuè) Literally, “龙腾虎跃” means “dragon rises and tiger jumps.”

Colloquially, “龙腾虎跃” means “very active.”

E.g.

运动场上，同学们个个龙腾虎跃。

(Yùn dòng chàng shàng, tóng xué mén gè gè lóng téng hǔ yuè.)

The students on the playground are all very active.

3) “龙争虎斗”(lóng zhēng hǔ dòu) Literally, “龙争虎斗” means “a tiger and a dragon fight each other.”

Colloquially, “龙争虎斗” means “a fierce struggle between well-matched opponents.”

E.g.

这两队龙争虎斗，比赛非常激烈。

(Zhè liǎng duì lóng zhēng hǔ dòu, bǐ sài fēi cháng jī liè.)

The two opposing teams, having engaged in a fierce struggle with each other, presented the spectators with a very exciting game.

4) “龙蛇混杂”(lóng shé hùn zá) Literally, “龙蛇混杂” means “dragons and snakes jumbled together.”

Colloquially, “龙蛇混杂” means “good people and bad people mixed together.”

E.g.

这个小区龙蛇混杂，不利于管理。

(Zhè gè xiǎo qū lóng shé hùn zá, bú lì yú guǎn lǐ.)

There are both bad and good people in this community, which causes problems in management.

5) “鲤鱼跳龙门”(lí yú tiào lóng mén) Literally, “鲤鱼跳龙门” means that a carp leaps over the dragon’s gate.

Colloquially, “鲤鱼跳龙门” means “ordinary people succeeding in national exams in feudal China.”

E.g.

在古代中国，人人都想鲤鱼跳龙门。

(Zài gǔ dài zhōng guó, rén rén dōu xiǎng lǐ yú tiào lóng mén.)

In ancient China, everyone wanted to succeed in national exams and become government officials.

Other Chinese words that are related to “龙”:

“龙舌兰”(lóng shé lán): maguey

“龙须面”(lóng xū miàn): long, thin noodles

“龙井茶”(lóng jǐng chá): a famous green tea produced in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province

“龙袍”(lóng páo): a yellow gown embroidered with dragons worn by emperors

“一条龙服务”(yì tiáo long fú wù): one-stop service

Phoenix 凤凰

“凤凰”(fèng huáng, phoenix) is also a fictitious animal. The phoenix is called the “king of the birds.” Legendarily, “凤凰,” just like “龙”, combines the features of many real animals, such as the swallow, snake, fish, deer, turtle, and so on. Originally, a male phoenix was called “凤”(fèng), and a female phoenix was called “凰”(huáng). After the Qin and Han dynasties, people gradually didn’t speak of the male phoenix, and “凤凰” only refers to the female phoenix.

“凤凰” is considered the symbol of harmony and auspiciousness by the Chinese people. Across Chinese history, “凤凰” has always been an essential part of the Chinese culture and language.

1) “龙飞凤舞”(lóng fēi fèng wǔ) Literally, “龙飞凤舞” means “dragon flies and phoenix dances.”

Colloquially, “龙飞凤舞” means “lively and vigorous handwriting style.”

E.g.

我语文老师写的字如龙飞凤舞。

(Zhè wèi lāo shī xiě de zì rú lóng fēi fèng wǔ.)

The Chinese characters my Chinese teacher wrote are lively and vigorous.

2) “凤毛麟角”(fèng máo lín jiǎo) Literally, “凤毛麟角” means “phoenix’s feathers and qílín’s horns.”

Colloquially, “凤毛麟角” refers to “rare things or exceptional people.”

E.g.

在军队，女兵有如 “凤毛麟角。”

(Zài jūn duì, nǚ bīng yǒu rú “fèng máo lín jiǎo.”)

In the army, female soldiers are extremely rare.

3) “凤泊鸾飘”(fèng bó luán piāo) Literally, “凤泊鸾飘” means “phoenix berths and luán (also a mythical bird) wanders.”

Colloquially, “凤泊鸾飘” means that a couple is separated from one another.

E.g.

这对夫妇八年离散，凤泊鸾飘，团聚时，喜极而泣。

(Zhè duì fū fù bā nián lí sàn, fèng bó luán piāo, tuán jù shí, xǐ jí ér qì.)

This couple, separated from one another eight years ago, cried out of pure joy when they were reunited.

4) “攀龙附凤”(pān lóng fù fèng) Literally, “攀龙附凤” means “climb a dragon and stick to a phoenix.”

Colloquially, “攀龙附凤” means “playing up to people of power and influence.”

E.g.

James今天的成就都是攀龙附凤得来的。

(James jīn tiān de chéng jiù dōu shì pān lóng fù fèng dé lái de.)

James is what he is because he played up to people of power and influence.

Animals are essential to people’s lives. Such importance is reflected in animals’ roles in human language. Above I have shown you how the Chinese see some animals through a few Chinese words related to these animals, but these words are only the tip of the iceberg. Stay tuned for the second part of this article.

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Chinese language

Chinese

Chinese at first appears a bewildering racket of tones and a maze of characters, yet with a little exertion, a great comical inclination and the odd hand motion you ought to have the capacity to make yourself comprehended. Indeed, even the most modest piece of spoken Chinese will help to go in reasonable terms, however, will likewise be broadly valued by any individual who you give it a shot on. Learning Mandarin Chinese is no simple accomplishment – the tones and the characters see to that, notwithstanding, the syntactic structure is nearly basic and even only a couple of hours study should yield a few outcomes, if just in your comprehension of the precepts of the dialect as opposed to viable use.

Dialects

There are incalculable distinctive tongues of Chinese (known as Hanyu or Zhongwen in China and Guoyu in Taiwan) which can sound as unalike as a profound southern drawl and a New York complement, and there are additionally a large group of other talked dialects among the ethnic minorities.

The pervasive type of Chinese on the territory is Putonghua (typical dialect), the Beijing vernacular which has obviously characterized tones and an inclination to include "er" to the finish of words. In the far south and Hong Kong, Guangdonghua or Cantonese is the pervasive tongue and with its chatty nine tones, feels a world far from the refined north. Other significant lingos incorporate Shanghainese and Hokkien (Minnanhua) which is talked in Fujian.

The absolute most generally talked ethnic dialects are Hakka (Kejia), Mongol, Uyghur, and Tibetan. Putonghua is comprehended all through China and Taiwan, in spite of the fact that in remote country zones more seasoned individuals may just talk their provincial or ethnic tongue.

The Spoken Word

Chinese is a tonal dialect, implying that any character can have various implications as indicated by its tone and the character it is associated with. There are four main tones (1-high level, 2 - low rising, 3 - like a Chinese cap topsy-turvy, and 4 - sudden falling) and a fifth "toneless" tone. This implies any one character can have a wide range of implications relying on its tone and the character it is connected with. Along these lines: (1 - mother), (2 - hemp), (3 - horse), (4 - admonish).

Except if you are a characteristic etymologist the tones take some acing, yet don't be timid to attempt – on the off chance that you have set (you're in a bar and you request a brew for instance) you're probably going to be seen regardless of whether your tone is somewhat off. In any case, be set up for a couple of clear faces as well! Regardless of whether you have great Mandarin numerous individuals just don't anticipate that you will speak Chinese and are persuaded they won't have the capacity to comprehend you – rehashing yourself ought to do the trap.

Amusingly in the event that you figure out how to get into a discussion however then hit a semantic hindrance a few people will compose the Chinese character in the conviction that this will be less demanding to get it. This offers some knowledge into the decent variety of the dialect – individuals from far-flung parts of the nation may not comprehend one another's vernaculars, but rather on the off chance that they can read they'll have the capacity to impart. Rehearsing the tones for some fundamental expressions and after that giving them a shot in setting makes a decent method to begin showing yourself Chinese, albeit understanding the reactions can be more hazardous!

In case you're extremely quick to take in the dialect at that point there are a lot of extraordinary spots to do only that everywhere throughout the nation, from short exercises to whole courses. For me however the most ideal approach to take in a dialect is to invest yourself in a nation – step by step the strings of garbled sentences begin to separate into words and once you've heard the word enough circumstances to rehash it, ask what it is and that is your oath for the day…

The Written Word

You have to know around a few thousand Chinese characters to have the capacity to peruse a daily paper and figuring out how to compose Chinese takes long stretches of study. Be that as it may, notwithstanding for the fleeting guest there is knowledge found through understanding a couple of the characters. The Chinese composed dialect was initially a pictographic dialect and this can, in any case, be found in a portion of its more natural images, for example, fire, center, and mountain. In 1956 as a component of Chairman Mao's drive to expand education, the Chinese composed frame was streamlined and a large number of characters were lost or adjusted.

This framework has without a doubt encouraged adapting yet in Hong Kong and Taiwan the first characters stay being used and are respected for their class and a feeling of history. As a dialect without a letter in order Chinese needs to adjust and make new character blends to manage current creations. In this way prepare truly interprets as flame auto and PC implies electric mind!

Chinese has been Romanized into a framework called pinyin (spell sound) which likewise joins the tones and is significantly more powerful than the dated Wade-Giles transliteration still utilized as a part of Taiwan. A large number of the letters are articulated in the same or a comparative path to their English sound, anyway there are a couple of prominent exemptions: c (ts, in this manner cun is tsun)/q (ch, in this manner qin is Chin)/x (sh, along these lines xie is she)/z (ds, consequently zai is dsai), zh (j, accordingly Zhong is jong).

Punctuation

Chinese punctuation offers some light alleviation from the many-sided quality of the tonal and composed dialect and is genuinely basic contrasted and English. Sentence arrange for the most part takes after the subject-verb protest design and a couple of essential words offer the way to changing tenses and adjusting sentences from explanations to inquiries or requests.

In the event that mama is added to the finish of any sentence it makes it into an inquiry (ni yao mama = "Do you want?"), or on the other hand the verb can essentially be rehashed after a negative (ni yao bu yao = you need not need signifying "Do you want?"). There is no conjugation of verbs and to change tenses you basically begin the sentence with the significant one of the accompanying (yiqian or zhiqian=before/yi hou or wei lai=after or later on).

Check: learn Chinese online with free video.