On cognitive biases distorting how we see women’s representation
Why do people think the world is "feminised", even though women are still significantly underrepresented in politics, leadership and media representation?
Because people don't notice the absence of women, but they notice the presence of any women, no matter how few.
"When underrepresentation is the everyday default, even the presence of a lone minority can start to feel like ‘plenty,’ while a small handful may already seem like ‘too many.’ Our stereotype-saturated minds can pull a strange trick: we overestimate — sometimes wildly — how many women and minority-group members are actually present in a given environment.
In another relatively recent study published in BMJ Open, more than 400 medical professionals in the UK were asked to estimate the proportion of women across different areas of medicine — general practice, medical specialities, surgical specialities — and in various professional roles. Yet despite working in the field themselves and presumably having a better grasp of its demographics than the general public, participants consistently overestimated the number of women in nearly every category.3 The largest distortion occurred in surgery, where respondents estimated that women made up around 25% of surgery consultants/GPs, when the real figure was only 14%. And, as in the PNAS study, both female and male participants showed comparable levels of overestimation.
A similar pattern emerged in a 2018 Ipsos survey. Nearly 20,000 respondents across 27 countries were asked to estimate the percentage of women holding top CEO positions worldwide. Their average guess? 20%. The actual figure? Just 3%."












