The grid system

@alexxxx-master-blog

During the first semester, I research and experiment ‘Grid System’, as the basic way to create work. This blog contains bibliography, and reflectives, and one critical analysis for research on the relation of typographic layout and readers'...

13 posts

Bibliography

1. Müller-Brockmann, J. (2016). Grid systems in graphic design. 10th ed. Niederteufen: Verlag Arthur Niggli.

I plan to research and explore the grid system to master, which is inspired by this book and its author. Josef Müller-Brockmann (1914-1996), a unique Swiss designer, who is considered one of the key creators of the Swiss style of international. The theory of Müller-Brockmann is the simplified information being stronger than display many elements. This book provides an in-depth analysis of his work practices and empirical analysis; as well as provides professional and creative for graphic designers to learn. The book covers major factors in the grid system, he offers many good visual examples, which can be used to explain the grid system better and as a creative way to readers.

2. Moys, J.L. 2014, "Typographic layout and first impressions--testing how changes in text layout influence readers judgments of documents", Visible Language, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 40-67.

This study explores how the typographic layout of information influences readers’ impression of document contents pages. The central theme is considering about the relation between the layouts and readers. The question of the complete paper is ‘Typographic layout and first impressions- testing how changes in text layout influence readers’ judgments of documents. Design can use the method to explore the affect by layout for readers. The author considered the layout as visual communication and provided the sections here elaborate upon the elements that layout influence readers’ judgments of documents. The typographic organization not only for usability but are also given attention for the aesthetic and logical elements which can affect reader’s psychology.

3. Elam, K. (2014). Grid systems. 1st ed. New York, NY: Princeton Architectural Press.

The example in this book is an abundant resource; the author used transparency paper to compare the grid organization with practical works. That book is preferable to do the research for different models visually, rather than analyze what the grid system is. The most different from this book to the other is the book designed by a particular form of parchment paper. Which the reader can contrast the grid page and work page at the same time. That book could impress people lots of grid thumbnails quickly. The author explained and explored the different grid form apparently. But when I read it carefully, there are most examples do not have a complete introduction.

4. Roberts, L. and Thrift, J. (2002). The designer and the grid. 1st ed. Hove: RotoVision.

I reference this book because it is one of a few books considers about the psychology of grid design. The book discusses the grid in a different area- the grid in culture. By several artists who are architecture, music, fine art, town planning. Authors think the grid not only can be reflected in visual, but it also can be heard and made it physically. Another significant part is the psychology of the grid, leading designers to consider the place if the grid in their work, find obsessive behavior. However, this book could not advise people how to design a grid; it is a book for history and psychology, major contents of the interviews.

5. Lupton, E. (2011). Graphic design thinking. 1st ed. New York: Princeton Architectural Press.

This book is a critical resource for the design process. The chapters follow the process which plans a project. From identifying the problem and do the research to generate ideas, then through development and co-design to create form. The complete content is the author expresses a complete process with related methods. It is a successful ‘design thinking’ book to help people solve the technique problems during the creation process. When the author explains each step, she also prepares some cases to study and practice, with the practical tutorials.

6. Haslam, A. (2006). Bookdesign. 1st ed. New York: Abrams.

Consideration about the grid system usually be used in book design, so I research a book to express lots of examples in book design with an accurate analysis. This book analyzes the diverse styles of book design detailed. From the typesetting, contents, and font, to explain the elements of book design. And consider the sort of book types, like children's books, references books, and magazines. They have one more form to create, the author according to the character of books to discuss. The book is an excellent collection, the content of the book also arranged in the order and organized logically. Visualization and reference materials are plentiful and easy to understand.

7. Birdsall, D. (2004). Notes on book design. 1st ed. New Haven, Conn. [u.a.]: Yale Univ. Press.

This book is being chosen because it is a clear way to understand a professional designer how to create, his creative experience as a unique information. Compared with the previous book design, the contents of this book, all the cases have been put in place by the author, this book as a summary of the author’s design career. The author speaks in explanation of design, from brief to outcome. Besides, there are excellent visual design cases. It also displayed experiences from the designer; it contains his ingenious ideas, methods. Especially, which several projects was re-designed that works consider original information, with innovative design to redefine the role of the books. The book also has some samples for text settings and some use a grid system in book design.

8. ‘Introducing Culture Identities: Design for Museums, Theaters and Cultural Institutions’ byR. Klanten (Editor), A. Sinofzik (Editor), F. Schulze (Editor)

This book introduces some designers use cultural identities as an important element, design for the museum, theaters, and cultural institutions.The theory can be studied for the designers can use the readers''s psychology, which they have similar culture to communicate the works and readers.The section spotlights exemplary perspectives on graphic design for culture.Highlighting a selection of cultural clients, it shines a light on the process of creating and dimension for these remarkable institutions. Also explores the scene of a league of creative authors who use their expertise to decisively articulate contemporary visual identities that encompass the diverse programming of their cultural clients. In addition, the author presenting a variety of styles and stunning individual approaches to graphic design within the cultural industry.

9. Introduction To Computation. (2011). Graphic, [online] (37). Available at: http://graphicmag.kr/index.php?/issues/introduction-to-computation/ [Accessed 9 Dec. 2016].

‘GRAPHIC’ is a quarterly magazine published in Seoul, Korea. The magazine is focusing on the graphic design with the distinct view, which is not same as from the mainstream. It has a characteristic of in-depth approach to one theme with the editorial policy of one issue-one theme. I read the #37 issue which explores the computation, and I reference it for creating grid system. This issue discusses the importance and challenge of computational today and the future, also exploring the experiences of graphic designers using computation in their work and have the discussion for that to help reader consideration of computational design’ development.

10. Shaikh, A. D. (2007). Psychology of on-screen type: investigations regarding typeface personality, appropriateness, and impact on document perception. Department of Psychology, Wichita State University. PhD.

Shaikh explores psychology affects by the typographic, who conducted three studies to investigate the perception of on screen typeface personality, on screen typeface appropriateness, and how these aspects affect the overall perception of the author or company creating a document. It can be learned that typeface is an aspect of onscreen document design that impacts the reader’s experience and which is an important design element. It is the same as the opinion by Moys, so these studies can support the point that typography can influence readers' psychology, it covers the layout, typeface, and other important elements.

Critical analysis

Critical analysis

The chapter is for referencing typographic for my project. This assignment is based on Moys’s "Typographic layout and first impressions--testing how changes in text layout influence readers judgments of documents" (2014). The clou of original paper’s topic is the relation between the layouts and readers. The question from the complete paper is: Typographic layout and first impressions-Testing how changes in text layout influence readers judgments of documents.

The first part of the paper discusses the importance of readers’ rhetorical impression by different attributes. The author researched onthe comparison between early and recent studies. The keydistinction is the how designers, who make the layout, are the focus on the disparate contents as the emphasis. In a word, the author foundout the layout is an essential element to organize typography and influence readers’ initial impression.

The author considered the arrangements designed could affect the readers' perception to have different assumptions about adopting the information and attitude. According to Josef Muller-Brockmann written in the ‘Grid system in graphic design’ (2016). Josef Muller also concentrates on the layouts of pages, and he thinks layout is a critical factor for the documents. There is a further analyze in following paragraphs to specify what the concept of Josef Muller, and the relations with author’s theory.

Anotherinfluential factor of first impression is reader’s psychology.So when the designer set the layout, it is not only for aesthetical reasons, but also for reader’s reading habit when they look at the document at the first sight. So the author also researches the connections between visual operation and reader’s psychology.

When people reading documents, after seeing introduction and initial analysis with some example, it is better to look at the author’s own expression.Here the author made his conclusion use the methods for formal logic and the evidence from Josef Muller in this paper.

It is important for the paper to be logically according to the analysis in the chapter. First, the author introduced the attributes for typographic is to let people have an accurate realization of typographic elements such as stylistics elements: typeface and weight, and structural elements: grid system and white space. These are two important parts on different attributes. After the introduction, the information is more focus on examining the question: how typographic layout influences readers’ rhetorical impression.

Also, to explain the idea accurately, the author first studied on the resources from early studies (1968): the example by newspaper layout.He found out that the interference from content and images are limitations for that period, so the results maybe not useful because of limitations. Then the author pays more attention to the recent research.And he found outthat the designer thinks the role of the layout is usability rather than affect the rhetoric, which the influences for the readers' impression.

Last but not the least, the author found outresources that focus on ‘Typographic layout and first impressions- Testing how changes in text layout influence readers’. The writer shows an example from Waller (2012), who has emphasized the importance of typographic organization and layout communicating graphic argument, but switched his attention to the reader’s initial impression of document rhetoric. So designer could go through these studying on effect for readers’ impression, thus to understand the layout of visual information can influence the assumptions readers, like their attitude and engagement strategies.

The purpose of this paragraph is to let readers more acquainted with the impact of layout and grid system and explore the similarity of author and Josef Muller. Muller considered a logical layout which the text and pictures are arranged systematically so it’s easier to construct the argument objectively with the visual communication. His exploration of the purpose of the grid system is similar to the layout asauthor’s thinking. Moys and Josef Muller solving visual problems in both two and three dimensions. For example, designer arranges the optical elements with the objective and functional method so that people can read more quickly and easily. Also, the information will be betteredunderstood and remain in reader’s memory. So, with the key point is to make deep first impression for the reader; the major purpose of the grid system and layouts used by designers is to let the readersmemorize and impress of the content. (Muller-Brockmann, 2016).

To prove the point in depth, the dissertation I research for is to support and explore the author’s theory which covers psychology of onscreen type investigations regarding typeface personality, appropriateness, and impact on document perception(Shaikh, 2007). Like the Moys(2014) demonstratedthe relation between the psychology and layouts, Shaikh also explores the how psychology affectedpeople by the typographic. Shaikh conducted three studies to investigate the perception of on screen typeface personality, on screen typeface appropriateness, and how these aspects affect the overall perception of the author or company creating a document(Shaikh, 2007). It can be concluded that typeface is an aspect of onscreen document design that impacts the reader’s experience and it is an important design element. Similar to Moy’s opinion, these studies can support the point that typography can influence readers' psychology, which covers the layout, typeface, and other important elements.

I also did further research on the paper to explore what are the elements a good typographic project should have, like typeface personality, the color of text, and the grid system. And from this article, I learned that the layout and reader’s psychologyare both very critical to an article and readers, which typographic layout would affect reader’s first impressions and judgments of documents.

This paper focuses on the relation between layout and document rhetoric.Whether the right or wrong layout, as the core of the typographic organization,can affect the readers’ initial impression. The author considered the layout as visual communication between readers and authors and provided the sections to elaborate upon the elements that layout influence readers’ judgments of documents. And the typographic organization shouldnot only responsible for article’s usability but also pay attention to the aesthetic and logical elements that can affect reader’s psychology, so the designers can understand this theory and use it for typographic to make document impressively.

REFERENCES

Original: Moys, J.L. 2014, "Typographic layout and first impressions--testing how changes in text layout influence readers judgments of documents", Visible Language, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 40-67.

Muller-Brockmann, J. 2016, Grid systems in graphic design: a visual communication manual for graphic designers, typographers and three dimensional designers = Raster systeme for die visuelleGestaltung :einHandbuch fur Grafiker, Typografen und Ausstellungsgestalter,10th rev. edn, Niggli, Sulgen.

Shaikh, A. D. (2007). Psychology of on-screen type: investigations regarding typeface personality, appropriateness, and impact on document perception. Department of Psychology, Wichita State University. PhD.

#critical analysis

Diagram of reflective

Photography- grid system

The Monument

King's College Chapel

Tower Bridge

Richard Deacon(b.1949), Some Interference 14.01.6,2006, Ink and graphite on paper.

The grid system of culture

I try to organize my research to conclude this semester. First point is the grid system in culture, the particularly example is the project- Strelka Institute.

The Strelka Institute for media,architecture,and design is a nonprofit organization aimed at generating discussion,ideas,and projects in the creative and cultural industries.OK-RM’s task was to provide a platform that would enable Strelka to effectively communicate its activities to both local and international audiences,while promoting a democratic relationship between the institute and the ideas,events,and people that shape it.The main challenge was to develop an identity that would be robust enough to accommodate the coexistence of the Institute’s multitude of activities,and open-ended enough to portray an institution that is constantly redefining itself.Conceptually,the grid acts as a metaphor for Strelka’s activities and its continued investigation into the development of public space in Moscow .Variations of the grid express the institute as a dynamic system.

http://www.strelka.com/en

Blueprint

I make an experiment for creative way – BLUEPRINT, which invented by astronomer Sir John Herschel in 1842. It was the first of the early photographic processes to illustrate a book later became a cheap form of photocopying architects and engineers drawing hence the description. From the example I created, the visual elements are created by physical materials, like photographic film, fabric, plastic and glass, the materials have to void can distinguish background and main image. Image held within the substrate, not just on top. I organized my work in primary configurations – circle, square and rectangle, these shapes for relating to the theme - grid system, use handcraft to explore the grid.

Josef Mulle- the grid system

I interesting for the grid system, and I try to research and use it for my project as a creative way. I did a project for a quote by Josef Muller, and his style is a typical international typographic. There is a website for the timeline for Swiss style and the works i done for grid system.

http://smearedblackink.com/swiss_style_timeline/

THE LONDON ILLUSTRATION FAIR 2016

I find an illustration exhibition in London. That is a good physical way to research the exhibition that cultural institutions. I explore their brochure, card, website to study different performance and material for advertisement.

http://www.thelondonillustrationfair.co.uk/home-1

‘Graphic Design Solution 5th edition’ by Robin Landa

The book is a comprehensive book to analyze graphic design and typography. It contains a concept of design, the introduction of creative way, solutions to design problems. The topics have their visual examples to reference. The 5th edition also expanded new model and method. To be specific, the book covers the most elements to the designer. There are three main parts to make of book: Fundamentals of graphic design, like the definition of graphic design; typography; visualization and color; grid system. The second part is about formats and disciplines, such as book design, branding, and visual identity, and advertising. The last part is a useful chapter for make a portfolio and job search.

Landa, R. (2014). Graphic design solutions. 5th ed. Wadsworth Publishing, pp.174-184.

Cultural identities

For preparing my proposal, I research the cultural identities.This is based on a book-‘Introducing Culture Identities: Design for Museums, Theaters and Cultural Institutions’ by R. Klanten (Editor), A. Sinofzik (Editor), F. Schulze (Editor). People usually consider the cultural institutions like the museum, theater, gallery have a special advertisement, because they have to change the theme to express or exhibit in a short time, so they are the fresh design system. From this book, I study the character design to advertise the cultural institutions -how design to provide work or organize the element quickly and accurately at a limit range.

Experiment with resin

These images are in the process for resin and study for effect. I guess this material can be used to explore two- dimensional convert to threedimensional. In addition, I still want to examine the different materials as the brushstrokes, like last time I use the plant. So here is the effect of fabric badge.

Prick-nature

During this process, I was hurt by some prick leave, the ilex is a characteristic example. So I think the definition of the plant’s prick, it can hurt the human, but it also a protection for the plant. Based on this point, I research another typical plant-catus. Prick of cactus not only for protection that avoids human and wild animal to eat or destroy it, the cactus also can save water in a difficult environment like the desert area.

So I have a work for combining two elements: prick and protection. I express the prick of consisted of lines if various lengths and thicknesses. And make them was focused on one direction. It also can see the comparison of the black background and the gold line. I try to definitely the gold as the lightening in the dark to as water for the cactus. Finically, I put the resin(a transparent material, smooth and soft surface,) on the drawing, that means the protection. Like a prick for plant.(The last two images)

Biomic

The first project is nature- biomic , so I collect some leaves to start exploring. The leaves from different environment, some growing of river, some are collected by bushes, some are trees. After the collection, I experimented the drawing with these leaves, and the effect is different as the brushstrokes. I post my work on exhibition, and it is clear to see the differences.

The grid system @alexxxx-master-blog - Tumblr Blog | Tumgag