Brookston Almanac

There's a reason to celebrate every day.

[brookstonalmanac]

Holidays 7.11

Holidays

Advice to the Lovelorn Day

Bandoneon Day (Argentina)

Battle of the Spurs Anniversary Day (Flanders)

Beh Deinkhlan (Meghalaya, India)

Bowdler's Day

Celebration of the Golden Spurs (Flanders)

Convenience Store Day

Day of the Bandoneón (Argentina)

Day of the Forest Fire Fighter (Mexico)

Day of the Five Billion (1987)

Drummer Appreciation Day

Duel Day

Eleventh Night (Bonfire Night; Northern Ireland)

Flemish Community Day (Belgium)

International Day of Reflection & Commemoration of the 1995 Genocide in Srebrenica

International EcoBrick Day

International Essential Oils Day

International Rhyming Day

International Richard Cheese Day

Journalist's Day (China)

Ker Puja (Tripura, India)

Maritime Day (China)

Naadam (Mongolia)

National Cheer Up the Lonely Day

National Culture and Senior Citizens Day (Kiribati)

National Day of Prayer (Canada)

National Day of Remembrance of Victims of Genocide by Ukrainian Nationalists on Citizens of the Second Republic of Poland (Poland)

National Essential Oils Day

National Dangerous Goods Awareness Day (UK)

National Journalist Day (Chile)

National Maritime Day (China)

National Polyphenol Day

National Recovery Day

National 7-Eleven Day

National Swimming Pool Day

Orangeman’s Day (Canada)

Reading Guilt Day

Relisha Rudd Remembrance Day (DC)

Rippaverse Day

Robert the Bruce Day (Scotland)

Rock and Roll Name Day

711 Day

Srebrenica Memorial Day (UK)

Straw Free Day (Colorado)

Swimming Pool Day

To Kill A Mockingbird Day

World Benzodiazepine Awareness Day

World Fringe Day

World Independent Living Day

World Massage Day

World Population Day (UN)

Zecharia Stichin Conspiracy Day

Food & Drink Celebrations

Blueberry Muffin Day

Free Slurpee Day (7-11 Stores)

Hot Dog Night (Luverne, Minnesota)

International Raw Food Day

Make Your Own Sundae Day

National Convenience Store Day

National Mojito Day

National Rainier Cherry Day

National State Fair Food Day

Ramen Day (Japan)

Slurpee Day (7-11)

Vegetarian Food Day

World Chocolate Day (Russia)

World Horse Day

Nature Celebrations

All American Pet Photo Day

Asphodel (I'm Yours; Korean Birth Flowers)

Bean Day (French Republic)

A Huddle of Walruse Day (Animal Collective Noun Days)

Astronomical Celebrations or Events

Elektrons III & IV Satellites (Launched; 1964)

Hecate Asteroid Day

OV1-15 & OV1-16 Atmospheric Testing Satellites (Launched; 1968)

Skylab (Fell into Earth's Atmosphere & Burned Up; 1979)

Sports & Games Celebrations or Events

MLB Baseball Draft (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) [thru 7.12]

Speedway Grand Prix Motorbike Race (Målilla, Sweden)

Superbike World Championship (Donington Park, UK) [thru 7.12]

World Cup Final (Italy beats West Germany; 1982)

World Cup Final (Spain beats the Netherlands; 2010)

Independence, Flag & Related Days

Mongolia (from China, 1921)

Polarveinn (Declared; 2022) [unrecognized]

2nd Saturday in July

Bald Is In! Day [2nd Saturday]

Blissfest begins (Michigan) [2nd Saturday]

Bon Odori (Festival of the Lanterns; Japan) [2nd Saturday]

Carver Day (Missouri) [2nd Saturday]

Grange Day [2nd Saturday]

International Brick & Rolling Pin Throwing Contest (Stroud; Australia, Canada, UK, US) [2nd Saturday]

International Skinny Dip Day [2nd Saturday]

Judgements Day (Irish Book of Rights for Celtic Kings; Celtic Book of Days) [Every Saturday]

Lindenfest begins (Rhineland, Germany) [2nd Saturday]

The Mooning of the Amtrak (Laguna Niguel, California) [2nd Saturday]

Salad Saturday [2nd Saturday of Each Month]

Sandwich Saturday [Every Saturday]

Satirical Saturday [2nd Saturday of Each Month]

Six For Saturday [Every Saturday]

Spaghetti Saturday [Every Saturday]

Stone House Day (New York) [2nd Saturday]

World Rum Day [2nd Saturday]

World Skydiving Day [2nd Saturday]

Weekly Holidays beginning July 11 (1st Full Week of July)

None Known

Festivals On or Beginning July 11, 2026

Beer City Festival (Alameda, California)

Blues & Brews (Mount Hope Estate & Winery, Pennsylvania)

Breckenridge Summer Beer Festival (Breckenridge, Colorado)

Bristol Renaissance Faire (Kenosha, Wisconsin) [thru 9.7]

Great Lakes Medieval Faire and Marketplace (Rock Creek, Ohio) [thru 8.23]

Hawaii State Farm Fair (Whitmore Village, Oahu, Hawaii) [thru 7.12]

Laramie Brewfest (Laramie, Wyoming)

Maine Potato Blossom Festival (Fort Fairfield, Maine) [thru 7.12]

Sunrise Side Wine, Brew and Food Festival (Harrisville, Michigan)

Sweet Corn Extravaganza (Willcox, Arizona) [thru 9.7]

Feast Days

Benedict of Nursia (Christian; Saint)

Drostan of Dalcongaile (Christian; Saint)

Feast of Min (Ancient Egyptian harvest & fertility festival)

Feast of Theano (patron of vegetarianism)

Guru Rinpoche Day (Bhutan)

Hidulphus (a.k.a. Hidulf; Christian; Saint)

Imamat Day (Nizari Ismaili Shiʿi Muslims)

James, Bishop of Nisibis (Christian; Saint)

John of Bergamo (Christian; Saint)

Kronia (Festival honoring Kronos (Father Time) and Rhea (Mother Earth); Ancient Greece; Everyday Wicca)

Millennial Fairy Olympics, Day 6 (Shamanism)

Molly Darton (Muppetism)

Naadam begins (Three Games of Men Festival; Mongolia) [thru 7.15]

Next Generation Captain (Muppetism)

Olga of Kiev (Christian; Saint & Widow)

Pancho Villa Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Pius I, Pope (Christian; Martyr)

Solstitium VII (Pagan)

St. Stephen of Hungary (Positivist; Saint)

Tinne (Celtic Book of Days)

World Population Day (Pastafarian)

Lunar Calendar Holidays

Chinese: Month 5 (Jia-Wu), Day 27 (Bing-Xu)

Day Pillar: Fire Dog

12-Day Officers/12 Gods: Balance Day (平 Ping) [Inauspicious]

Holidays: None Known

Secular Saints Days

Andrew Bird (Music)

H. M. Brock (Art)

Yul Brynner (Entertainment)

Boris Grigoriev (Art)

Bobbie Louise Hawkins (Literature)

Tab Hunter (Entertainment)

Roy Krenkel (Art)

Min Jin Lee (Literature)

Marie Lu (Literature)

James McNeill Whistler (Art)

Kentaro Miura (Art)

Richie Sambora (Music)

Suzanne Vega (Music)

Sela Ward (Entertainment)

E. B. White (Literature)

Martin Wong (Art)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Senshō (先勝 Japan) [Good luck in the morning, bad luck in the afternoon.]

Premieres

Alice’s Medicine Show (Ub Iwerks Disney Cartoon; 1927)

Alphas (TV Series; 2011)

Andy Pandy (BBC Kids TV Series; 1950)

Bats in the Belfry (Woody Woodpecker Cartoon; 1960)

Beechwood 4-5789, by The Marvelettes (Song; 1962)

Bismarck Tribune (North Dakota Newspaper; 1873)

Bobby Bumps (Paramount Magazine Cartoon; 1920)

Bombastic, by Shaggy (Album; 1995)

Boyhood (Film; 2014)

Bringing Home the Bacon (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1941)

Burr-Hamilton Duel Anniversary Day

Child Psykolojiky (Fleischer Popeye Cartoon; 1941)

Chop Suey and Noodles (Aesop's Film Fable Cartoon; 1926)

Contact (Film; 1997)

Dawn of the Planet of the Apes (Film; 2014)

Donald's Dilemma (Disney Cartoon; 1947)

Early to Bed (Donald Duck Disney Cartoon; 1941)

Felix the Cat Seeks Solitude (Felix the Cat Cartoon; 1926)

Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within (Animated Film; 2001)

Fleetwood Mac, by Fleetwood Mac (Album; 1975)

Gone in 30 Minutes (WB Cartoon; 2002)

Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (US Film; 2007) [#5]

Hell-Bent for Election (Brandon Films Cartoon; 1944)

Hellboy II: The Golden Army (Film; 2008)

Hollywood Bowl (Concert Venue; 1922)

Honky Tonk Woman, by The Rolling Stones (Song; 1969)

How to Dance (Goofy Disney Cartoon; 1953)

In the Summertime, by Mungo Jerry (Song; 1970)

Jesus Christ Superstar (Musical Play; 1971) [1st Stage Performance]

The Joke, by Milan Kundera (Novel; 1967)

The Kraken Wakes, by John Wyndham (Novel; 1953)

Little Cheeser (Happy Harmonies Cartoon; 1936)

Mickey in Arabia (Disney Cartoon; 1932)

Musashi, by Eiji Yoshikawa (Novel; 1939)

My Bodyguard (Film; 1980)

The Newlywed Game (Game Show; 1967)

Oh, Mary!, by Cole Escola (Broadway Comedy Play; 2024)

Old Doc Yak (Old Doc Yak Cartoon; 1913)

Orange Is the New Black (TV Series; 2013)

Ordinary People, by Judith Guest (Novel; 1976)

Porky’s Pet (WB LT Cartoon; 1936)

Rust Never Sleeps (Concert Film; 1979)

School for Scoundrels (Film; 1960)

Searching for the Young Soul Rebels, Dexys Midnight Runners (Album; 1980)

Shall We Dance? (Film; 1997)

Sharknado (Film; 2013)

The Shindig (Mickey Mouse Disney Cartoon; 1930)

The Skeleton Dance (Silly Symphony Disney Cartoon; 1929)

Sniffles Takes a Trip (Blue Ribbon Hit Parade; 1953)

Snowpiercer (Film; 2014)

Sorry Not Sorry, by Demi Lovato (Song; 2014)

Space Oddity, by David Bowie (Song; 1969)

The Stork Market (Krazy Kat Cartoon; 1931)

Summertime Blues, by The Who (Song; 1970)

Super Fly, by Curtis Mayfield (Album; 1972)

That Old Gang of Mine (Screen Songs Fleischer Cartoon; 1931)

To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee (Novel; 1960)

Trainspotting, by Irvine Welsh (Novel; 1993)

Tubby the Tuba (Puppetoon George Pal Cartoon; 1947)

The 12th Planet, by Zecharia Sitchin (Conspiracy Book; 1976)

U.S. Air Force Academy (Military School; 1955)

U.S. Marine Corps (Military Branch; 1798)

Voodoo Lounge, by The Rolling Stones (Album; 1994)

Wacky Blackouts (WB LT Cartoon; 1942)

War, by Edwin Starr (Song; 1970)

Waterloo Station (London Underground Station; 1848)

Where Did Our Love Go, by The Supremes (Song; 1964)

Wild Over You (WB LT Cartoon; 1953)

Wold in Sheep Dog's Clothing (Loopy De Loop Cartoon; 1963)

You Win Again, recorded by Hank Williams (Song; 1952)

Today’s Name Days

Benedikt, Olga, Oliver (Austria)

Oleg, Olga (Bulgariaa)

Benedikt, Dobroslav, Olga (Croatia)

Olga (Czech Republic)

Josva (Denmark)

Asko, Askur (Estonia)

Eleonoora, Elli, Nelli, Noora (Finland)

Benoît, Olga, Yolande (France)

Benedikt (Germany)

Evfemia, Evfimia, Olga (Greece)

Lili, Nóra (Hungary)

Benedetto, Emanuele, Fabrizio, Olga (Italy)

Leonora, Lore, Svens, Varaidotis (Latvia)

Kipras, Kiprijonas, Pijus, Šarūnė, Vilmantas (Lithuania)

Kjell, Kjetil (Norway)

Benedykt, Cyprian, Kalina, Kallina, Kir, Olga, Pelagia, Pelagiusz, Pius, Placyd, Sawin, Wyszesława (Poland)

Eufimia (Romania)

Milota (Slovakia)

Benito, Olga (Spain)

Eleonora, Ellinor (Sweden)

Lusia, Olha, Olusia, Olia (Ukraine)

Alvia, Helga, Livia, Olga, Olive, Ollie, Oliver, Olivia, Quentin, Quincy, Quinn, Quintina, Quinton (USA)

Benoît, Alenka, Olga, Olya (Universal)

Today’s National Name Days

National Richie Day

National Suzanne Day

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 192 of 2026; 173 days remaining in the year

ISO Week: Day 6 of Week 28 of 2026

Celtic Tree Calendar: Tinne (Holly) [Day 4 of 28] (thru 8.4)

Chinese: Month 5 (Jia-Wu), Day 27 (Bing-Xu)

Chinese Year of the: Horse 4724 (until February 6, 2027) [Bing-Wu]

Coptic: 4 Abib 1742

Druid Tree Calendar: Fir (July 5-14) [Day 7 of 10]

Hebrew: 26 Tammuz 5786

Islamic: 25 Muharram 1448

Julian: 28 June 2026

Meteorological Summer [Day 41]

Moon: 11%: Waning Crescent

Positivist: 24 Charlemagne (7th Month) [St. Stephen of Hungary]

Runic Half Month: Feoh (Wealth) [Day 14 of 15] (thru 7.12)

Season: Spring (Day 21 of 93)

SUn Calendar: 12 Red; Fryday [12 of 30]

Week: 1st Full Week of July

Zodiac:

Tropical (Typical): Cancer (Day 21 of 32)

Sidereal Zodiac: Gemini (Day 26 of 31)

Schmidt Zodiac: Gemini (Day 9 of 26)

IAU Boundaries (Current) Zodiac: Gemini (Day 20 of 29)

IAU Boundaries (1977) Zodiac: Gemini (Day 22 of 31)

[brookstonalmanac]

Beer Events 7.11

Events

Aaron Burr/Alexander Hamilton duel (1804)

Obert Brewery employee Louis Ebel injured after putting a lit candle into a bung hole, causing an explosion (St. Louis, Missouri; 1893)

Alexander Almasy and Joseph Bacha patented a Beer Strainer (1916)

High and Dizzy premiered (1920)

Arthur Gordon patented a Beer Separator and Dispensing Faucet (1933)

John Baker patented a Beer Drawing Apparatus (1939)

Frederick Struck patented a Portable Liquid Container and Means for Filling the Same (1939) Continental Can Co. patented a Pull Tan For a Can (1967)

Victor Shane patented a Snap Open Bottle Cap (1972)

Brewery Openings

Celis Brewery (Texas; 1992; Reopened; 2017))

Sonoma Mountain Brewery & Hopyards (California; 1997)

AC Golden Brewing (Colorado; 2007)

508 Gastrobrewery (New York; 2011)

Sisyphus Brewing (Minnesota; 2014)

Woodstock Brew House (Virginia; 2015)

Scout and Scholar Brewing (Kentucky; 2020)

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 7.11 (1920-2000)

1920 – In the East Prussian plebiscite the local populace decides to remain with Weimar Germany. 1921 – A truce in the Irish War of Independence comes into effect. 1921 – The Red Army captures Mongolia from the White Army and establishes the Mongolian People's Republic. 1921 – Former president of the United States William Howard Taft is sworn in as 10th chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, becoming the only person ever to hold both offices. 1922 – The Hollywood Bowl opens. 1924 – Eric Liddell won the gold medal in 400m at the 1924 Paris Olympics, after refusing to run in the heats for 100m, his favoured distance, on a Sunday. 1934 – Engelbert Zaschka of Germany flies his large human-powered aircraft, the Zaschka Human-Power Aircraft, about 20 meters at Berlin Tempelhof Airport without assisted take-off. 1936 – The Triborough Bridge in New York City is opened to traffic. 1940 – World War II: Vichy France regime is formally established. Philippe Pétain becomes Chief of the French State. 1941 – The Northern Rhodesian Labour Party holds its first congress in Nkana. 1943 – Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army within the Reichskommissariat Ukraine (Volhynia) peak. 1943 – World War II: Allied invasion of Sicily: German and Italian troops launch a counter-attack on Allied forces in Sicily. 1947 – The Exodus 1947 heads to Palestine from France. 1950 – Pakistan joins the International Monetary Fund and the International Bank. 1957 – Prince Karim Husseini Aga Khan IV inherits the office of Imamat as the 49th Imam of Shia Imami Ismai'li worldwide, after the death of Sir Sultan Mahommed Shah Aga Khan III. 1960 – France legislates for the independence of Dahomey (later Benin), Upper Volta (later Burkina Faso) and Niger. 1960 – Congo Crisis: The State of Katanga breaks away from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. 1960 – To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee is first published, in the United States. 1962 – First transatlantic satellite television transmission. 1962 – Project Apollo: At a press conference, NASA announces lunar orbit rendezvous as the means to land astronauts on the Moon, and return them to Earth. 1971 – The nationalization of all large copper mines in Chile is completed. 1972 – The first game of the World Chess Championship 1972 between challenger Bobby Fischer and defending champion Boris Spassky starts. 1973 – Varig Flight 820 crashes near Paris on approach to Orly Airport, killing 123 of the 134 on board. In response, the FAA bans smoking in airplane lavatories. 1977 – Martin Luther King Jr., assassinated in 1968, is posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. 1978 – Los Alfaques disaster: A truck carrying liquid gas crashes and explodes at a coastal campsite in Tarragona, Spain killing 216 tourists. 1979 – America's first space station, Skylab, is destroyed as it re-enters the Earth's atmosphere over the Indian Ocean. 1982 – Italy defeats West Germany 3–1 to win the FIFA World Cup. 1983 – A TAME airline Boeing 737-200 crashes near Cuenca, Ecuador, killing all 119 passengers and crew on board. 1990 – Oka Crisis: First Nations land dispute in Quebec begins. 1991 – Nigeria Airways Flight 2120 crashes in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, killing all 261 passengers and crew on board. 1995 – Yugoslav Wars: Srebrenica massacre begins, lasting until 22 July.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 7.11 (after 2000)

2006 – Mumbai train bombings: 209 people are killed in a series of bomb attacks in Mumbai, India. 2007 – The Siege of Lal Masjid in Islamabad, Pakistan, ends after the Pakistan Army storms the mosque which had been occupied by Islamist militants. 2010 – The Islamist militia group Al-Shabaab carries out multiple suicide bombings in Kampala, Uganda, killing 74 people and injuring 85 others. 2010 – In Johannesburg, Spain defeat the Netherlands 1–0 after extra time to win their first FIFA World Cup title. 2011 – Ninety-eight containers of explosives self-detonate killing 13 people in Zygi, Cyprus. 2015 – Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán escapes from the maximum security Altiplano prison in Mexico, his second escape. 2021 – Virgin Galactic launches its founder, Richard Branson, into space, the first company ever to do so.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 7.11 (before 1920)

472 – Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is killed by troops of the Roman Gothic general Ricimer. 813 – Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, abdicates in favor of his general Leo the Armenian, and becomes a monk (under the name Athanasius). 911 – Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy. 1174 – Baldwin IV, 13, becomes King of Jerusalem, with Raymond III, Count of Tripoli as regent and William of Tyre as chancellor. 1276 – Election of pope Adrian V under the influence of Charles I of Anjou following the death of pope Gregory X earlier that year. Adrian V dies the following month. 1302 – Battle of the Golden Spurs (Guldensporenslag in Dutch): A coalition around the Flemish cities defeats the king of France's royal army. 1346 – Charles IV, Count of Luxembourg and King of Bohemia, is elected King of the Romans. 1405 – Ming admiral Zheng He sets sail to explore the world for the first time. 1410 – Ottoman Interregnum: Süleyman Çelebi defeats his brother Musa Çelebi outside the Ottoman capital, Edirne. 1476 – Giuliano della Rovere is appointed bishop of Coutances. 1576 – While exploring the North Atlantic Ocean in an attempt to find the Northwest Passage, Martin Frobisher sights Greenland, mistaking it for the hypothesized (but non-existent) island of "Frisland". 1616 – Samuel de Champlain returns to Quebec. 1708 – A coalition army of Dutch, English and German troops under the duke of Marlborough defeats a French army under the duke of Burgundy and the Marshal Vendome in the battle of Oudenarde. 1735 – Mathematical calculations suggest that it is on this day that dwarf planet Pluto moved inside the orbit of Neptune for the last time before 1979. 1789 – Jacques Necker is dismissed as France's Finance Minister sparking the Storming of the Bastille. 1796 – The United States takes possession of Detroit from Great Britain under terms of the Jay Treaty. 1798 – The United States Marine Corps is re-established; they had been disbanded after the American Revolutionary War. 1801 – French astronomer Jean-Louis Pons makes his first comet discovery. In the next 27 years he discovers another 36 comets, more than any other person in history. 1804 – A duel occurs in which the Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr mortally wounds former Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton. 1833 – Noongar Australian aboriginal warrior Yagan, wanted for the murder of white colonists in Western Australia, is killed. 1836 – The Fly-fisher's Entomology is published by Alfred Ronalds. The book transformed the sport and went to many editions. 1848 – Waterloo railway station in London opens. 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Fort Stevens; Confederate forces attempt to invade Washington, D.C. 1882 – The British Mediterranean Fleet begins the Bombardment of Alexandria in Egypt as part of the Anglo-Egyptian War. 1889 – Tijuana, Mexico, is founded. 1893 – The first cultured pearl is obtained by Kōkichi Mikimoto. 1893 – A revolution led by the liberal general and politician José Santos Zelaya takes over state power in Nicaragua. 1897 – Salomon August Andrée leaves Spitsbergen to attempt to reach the North Pole by balloon. 1899 – Fiat founded by Giovanni Agnelli in Turin, Italy. 1906 – Murder of Grace Brown by Chester Gillette in the United States, inspiration for Theodore Dreiser's An American Tragedy. 1914 – Babe Ruth makes his debut in Major League Baseball. 1914 – The US Navy launches the USS Nevada (BB-36) as its first standard-type battleship. 1919 – The eight-hour day and free Sunday become law for workers in the Netherlands.

[brookstonalmanac]

Birthdays 7.11

Beer Birthdays

John Gardiner (1825)

Johann Adam Eulberg (1835)

Paul Fleckenstein (1836)

Joseph "Papa Joe" Griesedieck (1863)

Harry A. Poth (1881)

Don Younger (1941)

Lisa Morrison (1963)

Mike “Scoats” Scotese (1965)

William Reed

Jennifer England; St. Pauli Girl 2011/12 (1978)

Five Favorite Birthdays

Andrew Bird; pop musician, violinist, songwriter (1973)

Yul Brynner; actor (1920)

Suzanne Vega; pop singer (1959)

James McNeil Whistler; artist (1834)

E.B. White (writer)

Famous Birthdays

John Quincy Adams; 6th U.S. President (1767)

Georgio Armani; Italian fashion designer (1934)

Harold Bloom; writer, critic (1930)

Thomas Bowdler; editor (1754)

Liona Boyd; classical guitarist (1949)

Jeff Hanna; rock guitarist (1947)

Tab Hunter; actor (1931)

Lil' Kim; rapper (975)

Peter Murphy; pop singer (1957)

William Osler; physician (1849)

Lisa Rinna; model, actor (1963)

Richie Sambora; rock guitarist (1959)

Leon Spinks; boxer (1953)

Mindy Stirling; actor (1953)

Suzanne Vega; pop singer (1959)

Harry von Zell; radio and television announcer (1906)

John Wanamaker; merchant (1838)

Sela Ward; actor (1956)

[brookstonalmanac]

Holidays 7.10

Holidays

Armed Forces Day (Mauritania)

Army Day (Albania)

Battle of Britain Anniversary Day

Battle of Poltava Day (Russia)

Beatles Day (Liverpool, Hamburg)

Black Women's Equal Pay Day

Chronic Disease Awareness Day

Clerihew Day

Global Energy Independence Day

Gospel Day (Kiribati)

His Masters Voice Day

International Glut1 Awareness Day

International Safewards Day

Lá Cuimhneacháin Náisiúnta (National Day of Commemoration; Ireland)

Lady Godiva Day

London Bridge Falling Down Day

Merchant’s Festival (Elder Scrolls)

Minion Day

Naadam Day (Mongolia)

National Contour Day

National Fish Farmers Day (India)

National Librarian's Day (South Africa)

National Lineworker Appreciation Day (Canada)

National Transplant Financial Coordinator Day

Nikola Tesla Day

Oils and Concentrates Day

Police Radio Day

Rhodes Day (Rhodesia)

710 Day

Silence Day (Meher Baba)

Srebrenica Memorial Day

Teddy Bear's Picnic Day

Uniwaine (Senior Citizens’ Day; Kiribati)

U.S. Energy Independence Day

World Airway Disorders Day

World Shuvit Cancer Day

Food & Drink Celebrations

Beer Distributors Day

Cumin Day (French Republic)

Lamb Sauce Day

National Piña Colada Day

National Pizza Day (Brazil)

Natto Day (Japan)

Pick Blueberries Day

Nature Celebrations

Bellflower Day (Gratitude; Korean Birth Flowers)

Capybara Appreciation Day

Don't Step On A Bee Day (UK)

A Drove of Bullocks Day (Animal Collective Noun Days)

National All American Pet Photo Day

National Kitten Day

National Pet Bedding Hygiene Awareness Day

Stay Away From Bees Day

Astronomical Celebrations or Events

Galileo Atmosphere Probe (Separated from main probe to descend onto Jupiter; 1995)

Giotto Comet Probe (Rendezvouses with Comet Grigg-Skjellruo; 1992)

Protogeneia Asteroid Day

Telstar 1 Communications Satellite (Launched; 1962)

Sports & Games Celebrations or Events

Conway River Festival (Conway, Wales)

German Grand Prox Motobike Race (Sachsenring, Germany) [thru 7.12]

Rhythmic Gymnastics World Cup (Milan, Italy) [thru 7.12]

Tinkers to Evans to Chance Day

World Miniature Golf Day

Independence, Flag & Related Days

Bahamas (from UK, 1973)

Federal Republic of New Potato Land (Declared; 2017) [unrecognized]

Flag Day (Mongolia)

Wyoming Statehood Day (#44; 1890)

New Year’s Days

Matariki (Māori New Year; New Zealand) [Varies; When the Pleiades Are Again Visible]

2nd Friday in July

Collector Car Appreciation Day [2nd Friday]

Comfort Food Friday [Every Friday]

Fish & Chips Friday [2nd Friday of Each Month]

Five For Friday [Every Friday]

Flashback Friday [Every Friday]

Follow Friday [2nd Friday of Each Month]

Fredagsmys (Cozy Friday; Sweden) [Every Friday]

French Fries Day [2nd Friday]

Friday Finds [Every Friday]

Frugal Friday [2nd Friday of Each Month]

Fry Day (Pastafarian; Fritism) [Every Friday]

Horse-Racing Day (Irish Book of Rights for Celtic Kings; Celtic Book of Days) [Every Friday]

Kebab Day [2nd Friday]

National Collector Car Appreciation Day [2nd Friday]

National Motorcycle Day [2nd Friday]

TGIF (Thank God It's Friday) [Every Friday]

Wayne Chicken Show begins [2nd Friday thru Sunday]

World Kebab Day [2nd Friday]

Worldwide Art Day [2nd Friday]

Weekly Holidays beginning July 10 (1st Full Week of July)

Ohio Brew Week (thru 7.18)

Festivals On or Beginning July 10, 2026

Anguilla Summer Festival (The Valley, Anguilla) [thru 8.9]

Ballard SeafoodFest (Ballard, Washington) [thru 7.12]

Baltimore Washington One Carnival (Baltimore, Maryland and Washington, D.C.) [thru 7.12]

Boston Jerk Fest (Boston, Massachusetts) [thru 7.12]

Contemporary American Theater Festival (Shepherdstown, West Virginia) [thru 8.2]

Copper Country Strawberry Festival (Chassell, Michigan) [thru 7.11]

Hanover Tomato Festival (Mechanicsville, Virginia) [thru 7.11]

Kaltenberg Knights’ Tournament [Kaltenberger Ritterturnier] (Geltendorf, Germany) [thru 7.26]

Moxie Festival (Lisbon, Maine) [thru 7.12]

New Jersey State Barbecue Championship (Anglesea, North Wildwood, New Jersey) [thru 7.12]

Northern Lights Festival Boréal (Greater Sudbury, Canada) [thru 7.12]

North Sea Jazz Festival (Rotterdam, Netherlands) [thru 7.12]

Pori Jazz (Pori, Finland) [thru 7.18]

Solo Batik Carnival (Surakarta, Indonesia) [thru 7.11]

Square Roots Music, Craft Brew & Local Food Festival (Chicago, Illinois) [thru 7.12]

The Wayne Chicken Show (Wayne, Nebraska) [thru 7.11]

Feast Days

Amalberga of Maubeuge (Christian; Saint & Widow)

Amalburga (Christian; Saint & Virgin)

Anthony of the Caves (Christian; Saint)

Antony and Theodosius Pechersky (Christian; Saints)

St. Bathilda (Positivist; Saint)

Canute IV of Denmark (Christian; Saint)

Day of Holda (Goddess of the Underworld; Anglo-Saxon, Norse)

Feast Day of Knut the Reaper, Hela, Holda and Skadi (Norse)

Feast of Translation of Saint Maclovius, Bishop of Saint-Malo (Christian; Confessor)

Feast of The Seven Brothers (Januarius, Felix, Philip, Silvanus, Alexander, Vitalis, and Martialis; Christian; Martyrs)

Felicitas of Rome (Christian; Martyr)

The First Sermon of Lord Buddha (Buddhism; Bhutan)

Hela’s Day (Pagan)

Januarius of Rome (Christian; Martyr)

Kanute IV, King of Denmark (Christian; Martyr)

Knut the Reaper's Day (Norse; Scotland)

Mel Blanc Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Millennial Fairy Olympics, Day 5 (Shamanism)

New Robe for Athena Day (Ancient Greece)

Piña Colada Day (Pastafarian)

Reach Out and Touch a Green Leaf Day (Starza Pagan Book of Days)

Rufina and Secunda (Christian; Martyrs & Virgins)

Rusty (Muppetism)

Septic Bralu Diena (Ancient Latvia)

The Seven Brothers (Christian; Martyrs)

Sixto Rodriguez (Humanism,)

Tita or Tatata Ita (Muppetism)

U Festinu (a.k.a. Feast of St. Rosalia; Palermo, Italy) [thru 7.15]

Viaticum of Llefoed Wynebglawr (Celtic Book of Days)

Victoria, Anatolia, and Audax (Christian; Saints)

Wickerwork Giants Parade & Festival (Douai, France)

Lunar Calendar Holidays

Chinese: Month 5 (Jia-Wu), Day 26 (Yi-You)

Day Pillar: Wood Rooster

12-Day Officers/12 Gods: Full Day (满 Man) [Inauspicious]

Holidays: None Known

Secular Saints Days

Kurt Adler (Science)

Arthur Ashe (Sports)

Saul Bellow (Literature)

Edmund Clerihew Bentley (Literature)

Owen Chamberlain (Science)

Ronnie Cutrone (Art)

Giorgio de Chirico (Art)

Chiwetel Ejiofor (Entertainment)

Otto Freundlich (Art)

Ron Glass (Entertainment)

Seth Godin (Literature)

Arlo Guthrie (Music)

Fred Gwynne (Entertainment)

Greg Kihn (Music)

Alice Munro (Literature)

Karl Orff (Music)

Camille Pissarro (Art)

Marcel Proust (Literature)

Pierre-Joseph Redoute (Art)

Sixto Rodriguez (Music)

Joe Shuster (Art)

Reg Smythe (Art)

David Teniers III (Art)

Nikola Tesla (Science)

Sofia Vegara (Entertainment)

James McNeill Whistler (Art)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Fatal Day (Pagan) [13 of 24]

Prime Number Day: 191 [43 of 72]

Shakku (赤口 Japan) [Bad luck all day, except at noon.]

Unfortunate Day (Pagan) [39 of 57]

Premieres

The Ants and the Grasshopper (Aesop's Film Fable Cartoon; 1921)

Ball Four, by Jim Bouton (Sports Memoir; 1970)

The Brave Little Toaster (Animated Film; 1987)

Cocky Cockroach (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1932)

Cool World (Animated Film; 1992)

Day Nurse (Oswald the Lucky Rabbit Cartoon; 1932)

The Day of the Triffids, by John Wyndham (Novel; 1951)

Dough Nuts (Tom & Jerry Van Beuren Cartoon; 1933)

Do Way Diddy Diddy, by Manfred Mann (Song; 1964)

Escape from New York (Film; 1981)

Felix the Cat in Art for Heart's Sake (Felix the Cat Cartoon; 1927)

The Fox and the Hound (Animated Disney Film; 1981)

Greedy Humpty Dumpty (Color Classics Fleischer Cartoon; 1936)

Greyhound (Film; 2020)

A Hard Day’s Night, by The Beatles (Album; 1964)

Heatwave, by Martha and the Vandellas (Song; 1963)

Homesteader Droopy (Tex Avery MGM Cartoon; 1954)

The Hot Spell (Farmer Al Falfa Terrytoons Cartoon; 1936)

Lethal Weapon 4 (Film; 1998)

I Got You Babe, by Sonny and Cher (Song; 1965)

I Love You Beth Cooper (Film; 2009)

In Search of Lost Time, by Marcel Proust (Novel; 1927)

In the Midnight Hour, by Wilson Pickett (Song; 1965)

Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome (Film; 1985)

The Metro (Paris Underground Railway; 1900)

Mickey Steps Out (Mickey Mouse Disney Cartoon; 1931)

Minions (Animated Film; 2015)

Moon (Film; 2009)

Mother Necessity (America Rock Cartoon; Schoolhouse Rock; 1976)

The Mountain Ears (Columbia Favorites; 1952)

New Maps of Hell, by Bad Religion (Album; 2007)

Ode to Billie Joe, by Bobbie Gentry (Song; 1967)

The Oily American (WB MM Cartoon; 1954)

The Old Guard (Film; 2020)

Once Upon a Mouse (Disney Cartoon Documentary; 1981)

One Meat Brawl (Blue Ribbon Hit Parade Cartoon; 1954)

The Outpost (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1942)

Palm Springs (Film; 2020)

Parachutes, by Coldplay (Album; 2000)

Pi (Film; 1998)

Pink Valiant (Pink Panther Cartoon; 1968)

She Wolf, by Shakira (Album; 2009)

Small Soldiers (Animated Film; 1998)

Smoke Signal (Animated Film; 2018)

Son of Schmilsson, by Harry Nilsson (Album; 1972)

The Squawkin' Hawk (Blue Ribbon Hit Parade Cartoon; 1948)

Summertime, recorded by Ella Fitzgerald (Song; 1936)

Tempted, by Squeeze (Song; 1981)

Tinkers to Evans to Chance, by Franklin P. Adams (Poem; 1910)

Trouble with Lichen, by John Wyndham (Novel; 1960)

Unnatural Death, by Dorothy L. Sayers (Novel; 1927) [Peter Wimsey #3]

Up N’ Atom (Color Rhapsody Cartoon; 1947)

Volcano (Superman Fleischer Cartoon; 1942)

The Wayward Pups (Happy Harmonies Cartoon; 1937)

We Are the Champions/We Will Rock You, by Queen (UK Song; 1977)

Your Hit Parade (TV Series; 1950)

Today’s Name Days

Engelbert, Knud, Raphael (Austria)

Feliks, Srećko, Viktorija (Croatia)

Amálie, Libuše (Czech Republic)

Knud (Denmark)

Saima, Saime, Saimi (Estonia)

Saima, Saimi (Finland)

Ulrich (France)

Knud, Engelbert, Raphael, Sascha (Germany)

Amália (Greece)

Amália (Hungary)

Armando, Marziale, Pietro, Rufina (Italy)

Lielvardis, Lija, Olīvija, Uve (Latvia)

Amalija, Eirimė, Gilvainas (Lithuania)

Anita, Anja (Norway)

Aleksander, Amelia, Aniela, Filip, January, Radziwoj, Rufina, Samson, Sylwan, Sylwana, Witalis (Poland)

Amália (Slovakia)

Cristóbal (Spain)

André, Andrea, Anund (Sweden)

Anthony (Ukraine)

Emanuel, Emmanuel, Gage, Immanuel, Manuel, Manuela (USA)

Emanuel, Immanuel, Maos, Manuela, Ulla, Ulrich, Ulrika, Ulrike (Universal)

Today’s National Name Days

National Caleb Day

National Stella Day

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 191 of 2026; 174 days remaining in the year

ISO Week: Day 5 of Week 28 of 2026

Celtic Tree Calendar: Tinne (Holly) [Day 3 of 28] (thru 8.4)

Chinese: Month 5 (Jia-Wu), Day 26 (Yi-You)

Chinese Year of the: Horse 4724 (until February 6, 2027) [Bing-Wu]

Coptic: 3 Abib 1742

Druid Tree Calendar: Fir (July 5-14) [Day 6 of 10]

Hebrew: 25 Tammuz 5786

Islamic: 24 Muharram 1448

Julian: 27 June 2026

Meteorological Summer [Day 40]

Moon: 19%: Waning Crescent

Positivist: 23 Charlemagne (7th Month) [St. Bathilda]

Runic Half Month: Feoh (Wealth) [Day 13 of 15] (thru 7.12)

Season: Spring (Day 20 of 93)

SUn Calendar: 11 Red; Foursday [11 of 30]

Week: 1st Full Week of July

Zodiac:

Tropical (Typical): Cancer (Day 20 of 32)

Sidereal Zodiac: Gemini (Day 25 of 31)

Schmidt Zodiac: Gemini (Day 8 of 26)

IAU Boundaries (Current) Zodiac: Gemini (Day 19 of 29)

IAU Boundaries (1977) Zodiac: Gemini (Day 21 of 31)

[brookstonalmanac]

Beer Events 7.10

Events

Anthony Morris left the Morris Brewery to his son Anthony Morris Jr. (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 1721)

Bernard Rice patented a Beer Chip Cutting and Reaming Machine (183)

Alois Aufrichtig patented a Beer Cooler (1888)

James Schofield patented a Tap for Kegs, Bottles, Etc. (1888)

Robert Wellens patented a Beer Pump (1888)

Arthur Kleinfeldt patented a Beer Siphon (1900)

Henry Poupart patented a Beer Faucet (1900)

Casey at the Bat published (1910)

David Fenichell and Samuel Gabel patented a Beer Barrel Bung (1934)

Harold Geller patented a Method of Stabilizing the Foam of Malt Beverages (1951)

Anheuser Busch patented a Product Derived from Dried Brewers’ Grains (1956)

J. W. Lees & Co. Brewers patented a Gas Recovery Method and Apparatus (1973)

Edward Schüler patented a Husk-Free Mash Process (1973)

Manfred Moll, et al. patented a Process for Extracting Bitter Flavoring Principles from Hops (1979)

Russian River's Pliny the Elder 1st bottled (2008)

"63 N 46 W," a beer made with glacial water from Greenland for sale again (2001)

Charles Pascarelli and David Furman patented a Method of Advertising in a Restroom (2012)

The World's End premiered in London (2013)

Gary Lawrence patented an Innovative Beer Glass (2014)

Brewery Openings

Oberstdorfer Dampf Bierbrauerei (Germany; 1992)

Dad Watsons (Washington; 1996)

Fukuyama Brewery (Japan; 1996)

McMenamins: Dad Watson's Brewery & Restaurant (Washington; 1996)

Boiler Room Brewpub (Nevada; 1997)

Snipes Mountain Brewing (Washington; 1997)

New Century Brewing/Edison Light (Massachusetts; 2001)

Spring House Brewing (Pennsylvania; 2007)

Radicle Effects Brewerks (Illinois; 2012)

Apple Blossom Brewing (Arkansas; 2013)

Zuckfoltzfus Brewing (Pennsylvania; 2013)

INC 82 Brewing (California; 2017)

Venture Brew Co. (Wisconsin; 2018)

BIT Brewery (Iowa; 2020)

Hop Atomica Brewery & Gastropub (Georgia; 2020)

Rendezvous Junction Brewing (Arkansas; 2021)

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 7.10 (after 2000)

2000 – EADS, the world's second-largest aerospace group is formed by the merger of Aérospatiale-Matra, DASA, and CASA. 2000 – Bashar al-Assad succeeds his father Hafez al-Assad as President of Syria. 2002 – The Massacre of the Innocents, a painting by Peter Paul Rubens, is sold at a Sotheby's auction for £49.5 million (US$76.2 million) to Lord Thomson. 2006 – A Pakistan International Airlines Fokker F27 Friendship crashes near Multan International Airport, killing all 45 people on board. 2007 – Erden Eruç begins the first solo human-powered circumnavigation of the world. 2007 – The Pakistani military storms the Lal Masjid mosque in Islamabad, which had been seized by Islamist militants. 2008 – Former Macedonian Interior Minister Ljube Boškoski is acquitted of all war-crimes charges by a United Nations tribunal. 2011 – Russian cruise ship Bulgaria sinks in the Volga River near Syukeyevo, Tatarstan, causing 122 deaths. 2011 – Amid widespread backlash to revelations of phone hacking, the British weekly tabloid newspaper News of the World publishes its final issue and shuts down after nearly 168 years in print. 2012 – The Episcopal Church USA allows same-sex marriage. 2016 – Portugal defeats France in the UEFA Euro 2016 Final to win their first European title. 2017 – Iraqi Civil War: Mosul is declared fully liberated from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant by the government of Iraq. 2018 – Tham Luang cave rescue: A group of Thai school children and their football coach are all rescued from a cave after being stuck there for 18 days; one Thai Navy SEAL diver dies during the rescue mission. 2019 – The final Volkswagen Beetle rolls off the line in Puebla, Mexico; the last of 5,961 "Special Edition" cars will be exhibited in a museum.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 7.10 (1940-2000)

1940 – World War II: The Vichy government is established in France. 1940 – World War II: Six days before Adolf Hitler issues his Directive 16 to the combined Wehrmacht armed forces for Operation Sea Lion, the Kanalkampf shipping attacks begin against British maritime convoys in the leadup to initiating the Battle of Britain. 1941 – Jedwabne pogrom: Massacre of Polish Jews living in and near the village of Jedwabne. 1942 – World War II: An American pilot spots a downed, intact Mitsubishi A6M Zero on Akutan Island (the "Akutan Zero"), which the US Navy then uses to learn the aircraft's flight characteristics. 1943 – World War II: Operation Husky, the Allied invasion of Sicily, begins. 1947 – Muhammad Ali Jinnah is recommended as the first Governor-General of Pakistan by the British Prime Minister, Clement Attlee. 1948 – The official establishment of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea). 1951 – Korean War: Armistice negotiations begin at Kaesong. 1962 – Telstar, the world's first communications satellite, is launched into orbit. 1966 – The Chicago Freedom Movement, co-founded by Martin Luther King Jr., holds a rally at Soldier Field in Chicago; as many as 60,000 people attend. 1967 – New Zealand decimalises its former currency to the modern-day New Zealand dollar. 1973 – The Bahamas gains full independence within the Commonwealth of Nations. 1974 – An EgyptAir Tupolev Tu-154 stalls and crashes at Cairo International Airport, killing all six people on board. 1976 – Four mercenaries (one American and three British) are executed in Angola following the Luanda Trial. 1978 – President Moktar Ould Daddah of Mauritania is ousted in a bloodless coup d'état. 1985 – The Greenpeace vessel Rainbow Warrior is bombed and sunk in Auckland harbour by French DGSE agents, killing Fernando Pereira. 1985 – An Aeroflot Tupolev Tu-154 stalls and crashes near Uchkuduk, Uzbekistan (then part of the Soviet Union), killing all 200 people on board in the USSR's worst-ever airline disaster. 1991 – The South African cricket team is readmitted into the International Cricket Council following the end of Apartheid. 1991 – Boris Yeltsin takes office as the first elected President of Russia. 1991 – A Beechcraft Model 99 crashes near Birmingham Municipal Airport (now Birmingham–Shuttlesworth International Airport) in Birmingham, Alabama, killing 13 of the 15 people on board. 1992 – In Miami, former Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega is sentenced to 40 years in prison for drug and racketeering violations. 1995 – Burmese politician Aung San Suu Kyi is released from house arrest. 1995 – The NIOSH air filtration ratings update with the enactment of 42 CFR 84, previously published in the Federal Register. The new regulation includes rules governing the new N95 respirator standard. 1997 – In London, scientists report the findings of the DNA analysis of a Neanderthal skeleton which supports the "out of Africa theory" of human evolution, placing an "African Eve" at 100,000 to 200,000 years ago. 1997 – Miguel Ángel Blanco, a member of Partido Popular (Spain), is kidnapped (and later murdered) in the Basque city of Ermua by ETA members, sparking widespread protests. 1998 – Catholic Church sexual abuse cases: The Diocese of Dallas agrees to pay $23.4 million to nine former altar boys who claim they were sexually abused by Rudolph Kos, a former priest. 1999 – In women's association football, the United States defeats China in a penalty shoot-out at the Rose Bowl near Los Angeles to win the final match of the 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup. Watched by 90,185 spectators, the final sets a new world record for attendance at a women's sporting event.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 7.10 (before 1940)

138 – Emperor Hadrian of Rome dies of heart failure at his residence on the bay of Naples, Baiae; he is buried at Rome in the Tomb of Hadrian beside his late wife, Vibia Sabina. 420 – Having usurped the throne of Emperor Gong of Jin, Liu Yu proclaims himself Emperor of the Liu Song dynasty. 518 – Justin I is crowned Byzantine Emperor by the patriarch of Constantinople the day after the death of emperor Anastasius. 645 – Isshi Incident: Prince Naka-no-Ōe and Fujiwara no Kamatari assassinate Soga no Iruka during a coup d'état at the imperial palace. 988 – The Norse King Glúniairn recognises Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill, High King of Ireland, and agrees to pay taxes and accept Brehon Law; the event is considered to be the founding of the city of Dublin. 1212 – The most severe of several early fires of London burns most of the city to the ground. 1290 – Ladislaus IV, King of Hungary, is assassinated at the castle of Körösszeg (modern-day Cheresig in Romania). 1460 – Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, defeats the king's Lancastrian forces and takes King Henry VI prisoner in the Battle of Northampton. 1499 – The Portuguese explorer Nicolau Coelho returns to Lisbon after discovering the sea route to India as a companion of Vasco da Gama. 1512 – The Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre commences with the capture of Goizueta. 1519 – Zhu Chenhao declares the Ming dynasty's Zhengde Emperor a usurper, beginning the Prince of Ning rebellion, and leads his army north in an attempt to capture Nanjing. 1553 – Lady Jane Grey takes the throne of England. 1584 – William I of Orange is assassinated in his home in Delft, Holland, by Balthasar Gérard. 1645 – English Civil War: The Battle of Langport takes place. 1668 – Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1671): Notable Buccaneer Henry Morgan with an English Privateer force lands at Porto Bello in an attempt to capture the fortified and lucrative Spanish city. 1778 – American Revolution: Louis XVI of France declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain. 1789 – Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Mackenzie River delta. 1806 – The Vellore Mutiny is the first instance of a mutiny by Indian sepoys against the British East India Company. 1832 – U.S. President Andrew Jackson vetoes a bill that would re-charter the Second Bank of the United States. 1850 – U.S. President Millard Fillmore is sworn in, a day after becoming president upon Zachary Taylor's death. 1877 – The then-villa of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, formally receives its city charter from the Royal Crown of Spain. 1882 – War of the Pacific: Chile suffers its last military defeat in the Battle of La Concepción when a garrison of 77 men is annihilated by a 1,300-strong Peruvian force, many of them armed with spears. 1883 – War of the Pacific: Chileans led by Alejandro Gorostiaga defeat Andrés Avelino Cáceres's Peruvian army at the Battle of Huamachuco, hastening the end of the war. 1890 – Wyoming is admitted as the 44th U.S. state. 1920 – Arthur Meighen becomes Prime Minister of Canada. 1921 – Belfast's Bloody Sunday occurs with 20 killings, at least 100 wounded and 200 homes destroyed during rioting and gun battles in Belfast, Northern Ireland. 1924 – Paavo Nurmi wins the 1,500 m and 5,000 m events at the Paris Olympics, with just an hour between the two races. 1925 – Scopes trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, the so-called "Monkey Trial" begins of John T. Scopes, a young high school science teacher accused of teaching evolution in violation of the Butler Act. 1927 – Kevin O'Higgins TD, Vice-President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State, is assassinated by the IRA. 1938 – Howard Hughes begins a 91-hour airplane flight around the world that will set a new record.

[brookstonalmanac]

Birthdays 7.10

Beer Birthdays

Emile Weiss (1823)

John Bligh (1828)

Adolphus Busch (1839)

Adam J. Gintz (1850)

Frank Yoerg (1867)

Jack "Legs" Diamond; bootlegger (1897)

Francis Showering (1912)

Lloyd Knight

Peter Estaniel

Jay Prahl (1963)

Agus Blanco (1986)

Five Favorite Birthdays

Saul Bellow; writer (1915)

Chiwetel Ejiofor; actor (1977)

Camille Pissarro; artist (1830)

Sixto Rodriguez; singer-songwriter (1942)

Joe Shuster; cartoonist, "Superman" creator (1914)

Famous Birthdays

Kurt Adler; German chemist (1902)

Arthur Ashe; tennis player (1943)

Harvey Ball; illustrator, "smiley face" creator (1921)

Milt Buckner; jazz keyboardist (1915)

Dick Cary; jazz trumpeter (1916)

Owen Chamberlain; physicist (1920)

Edmund Clerihew Bentley; English writer (1875)

David Brinkley; television news anchor (1920)

William Blackstone; judge (1723)

John Calvin; French theologian (1509)

Robert Chambers; Scottish writer, naturalist (1802)

Roger Craig; San Francisco 49ers RB (1960)

Kim Deal; pop singer (1961)

Ronnie James Dio; rock singer (1949)

Finley Peter Dunne; Irish writer (1867)

Bela Fleck; banjo player (1958)

Blind Boy Fuller; blues guitarist (1907)

Ron Glass; actor (1945)

Arlo Guthrie; folk singer (1947)

Fred Gwynne; actor (1926)

Jerry Herman; composer, lyricist (1933)

Jean Kerr; writer, humorist (1923)

Greg Kihn; pop singer (1949)

Jake LaMotta; boxer (1921)

Lee Morgan; jazz trumpeter (1938)

Alice Munro; writer (1931)

Karl Orff; German composer (1895)

Marcel Proust; French writer (1871)

Pierre-Joseph Redoute; Belgian artist (1759)

Cindy Sheehan; anti-war activist (1957)

Jessica Simpson; pop singer (1980)

Neil Tennant; pop singer (1954)

David Teniers III; Flemish artist (1638)

Nikola Tesla; Serbian inventor (1856)

Robert the Bruce; Scottish king (1274)

Sofia Vergara; model, actor (1972)

Virginia Wade; tennis player (1945)

[brookstonalmanac]

Holidays 7.9

Holidays

ASB Community Action Day

Black Women’s Equal Pay Day 2024 ( website )

Call of the Horizon Day

Corncob Pipe Day

Day of Remembrance for Unn the Deep Minded

Day of the Employees of the Diplomatic Service (Azerbaijan)

Deadhead Day

Diplomatic Service Agency Worker's Day (Azerbaijan)

Family Day (Ukraine)

Fashion Day

Festival of Grand Unified Theories

14th Amendment Anniversary Day

Intern Appreciation Day

International Emergency Kit Day

International Small Arms Destruction Day (UN)

Lesbian Visibility Day (Chile)

Muffler Appreciation Day

National Camel Toad Hunting Day (Secular Church of the SubGenius)

National Culture Day (Kiribati)

National Day of Lesbian Visibility (Chile)

National Dimples Day

National No Bra Day

National Student’s Day (India)

Open-Heart Surgery Day

Paper Napkin Day

Rock Around the Clock Day

Russell-Einstein Manifesto Anniversary Day

Shiman Rokusen-nichi (Day of 46,000; Tokyo, Japan)

Special Recreation Day

State Rebellion Day (São Paulo, Brazil)

Traumatic Brain Injury Awareness Day (Ohio)

Water Resource Management Employees Day (Kazakhstan)

White Ensign Anniversary Day (UK)

Food & Drink Celebrations

Don’t Put All Your Eggs in One Omelet Day

National Chicken Day

National Sugar Cookie Day

World Pakora Day

Nature Celebrations

Arbor Day (Cambodia)

Carnation Day (a.k.a. Clove Gilliflower; Dianthus carsophyllus)

Dinosaur Roundup Rodeo (Utah)

Goat Mother’s Day

Hawaii National Park Day

Ivy Geranium Day (Sincere Love; Korean Birth Flowers)

Mint Day (French Republic)

National Lavender Day

A Wisdom of Owls Day (Animal Collective Noun Days)

Astronomical Celebrations or Events

Voyager 2 Probe (Flew by Jupiter; 1979)

Sports & Games Celebrations or Events

Amundi Evian Women's Golf Major Championship (Evian-les-Bains, France) [thru 7.12]

Canoe Sprint World Cup (Montreal, Canada) [thru 7.12]

Donkey Kong Day (1981)

Genesis Scottish Open PGA Golf Tournament (North Berwick, Scotland) [thru 7.12]

ISCO Championship PGA Golf Tournament (Louisville, Kentucky) [thru 7.12]

Philadelphia Eagles Day (NFL Team rebranded after purchase of Frankford Yellow Jackets; 1933)

Washington Commanders Day (NFL Team Formed as Boston Braves; 1932)

Wimbledon Day

World Cup Quarterfinals (North America) [thru 7.11]

World Cup Final (Italy beats France; 2006)

Independence, Flag & Related Days

Argentina (from Spain, 1816)

Constitution Day (Australia, Palau)

Constitutionalist Revolution Day (São Paulo, Brazil)

Flag Day (Chile)

Holland (Annexed by Napoleonic France; 1810)

Kebec (f.k.a. Alaurentia; Declared; 2017) [unrecognized]

Louisiana (Readmitted to the Union; 1868)

Luxe (Declared; 2009) [unrecognized]

Northern Maine (Ceded to U.S. by Cherokee Nation; 1816)

Nunavut Day (Canada)

South Carolina (Readmitted to the Union; 1868)

South Sudan (from Sudan, 2011)

2nd Thursday in July

Dinosaur Roundup Rodeo begins (Vernal, Utah) [2nd Thursday thru Saturday]

Marital Intercourse Day (Irish Book of Rights for Celtic Kings; Celtic Book of Days) [Every Thursday]

National Tree Day (Mexico) [2nd Thursday]

Oregon Trail Days begin (Geris, Nebraska) [2nd Thursday thru Sunday]

Oxegen Festival begins (Ireland) [2nd Thursday there Sunday]

Thirsty Thursday [Every Thursday]

Thoughtful Thursday [2nd Thursday of Each Month]

Three for Thursday [Every Thursday]

Thrift Store Thursday [Every Thursday]

Throwback Thursday [Every Thursday]

Toast Thursday [2nd Thursday of Each Month]

Turkey Rama begins (McMinnville, Oregon) [2nd Thursday]

Weekly Holidays beginning July 9 (1st Full Week of July)

Dine Downtown San Jose Restaurant Week (San Jose, California) [thru 7.19]

Festivals On or Beginning July 9, 2026

American Cured Meat Championships (Milwaukee, Wisconsin) [thru 7.11]

Big Stone County Fair (Clinton, Minnesota) [thru 7.12]

Delta Chicken Festival (Delta, Ohio) [thru 7.11]

Hot Dog Nite (Luverne, Minnesota)

Ossipee Valley Fair (South Hiram, Maine) [thru 7.12]

Ottawa Bluesfest (Ottawa, Canada) [thru 7.19]

Pula Film Festival (Pula, Croatia) [thru 7.16]

Quebec City Summer Festival (Quebec City, Canada) [thru 7.19]

Slugburger Festival (Corinth, Mississippi) [thru 7.11]

South Carolina Peach Festival (Gaffney, South Carolina) [7.19]

Toledo Cheese Days (Toledo, Washington) [thru 7.12]

Winnipeg Folk Festival (Winnipeg, Canada) [thru 7.12]

Feast Days

Agilulfus of Cologne (Christian; Saint)

Amandina of Schakkebroek (Christian; A Martyr of Southern Hunan)

Caprotinia (Old Roman Female Slave Festival)

Charlotte the Penguin (Muppetism)

St. Clotilde (Positivist; Saint)

Cyril and Companions (Christian; Martyrs)

Day of Remembrance for Ann the Deep Minded (a.k.a. Audh; American Asatru)

Day of Unn the Wise Person (a.k.a. Day of Remembrance for Ann the Deep Minded; Pagan)

Dharma Day (Buddhist) [Full Moon, 8th Lunar Month]

Ekādaśī Tithi (Self-Purification Festival; Hindism, Vaishnavism) [11th Lunar Day]

Ephrem of Edessa (Christian; Saint)

Everild (Christian; Saint)

Feast of the Chinese Martyrs (Christian; Martyrs)

Feast of Dionysus and Rhea (Pagan; Everyday Wicca)

Feast of the Martyrs of Gorkum (Christian; Martyrs)

Feast of Our Lady of Peace (Christian)

Feast of Translation of Nicolas (Christian; Confessor)

Goddess Boann (Celtic Book of Days)

Gregorio Grassi (Christian; A Martyr of Shanxi)

Invent a Word Day (Pastafarian)

John Fisher (Christian; Martyr)

Marija Petković (Christian; Blessed)

Martyrdom of the Báb (Bahá'í)

Martyrs of Gorkum (Christian; Martyrs)

Martyrs of Orange (Christian; Martyrs)

Mary Hermina Grivot (Christian; Saint)

Millennial Fairy Olympics, Day 4 (Shamanism)

Mojo Nixon Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Nicholas Peck and His Companions (Christian; Martyrs)

Our Lady of Itatí (Christian)

Our Lady of Peace, Octave of the Visitation (Christian)

Our Lady of the Rosary of Chiquinquirá (Christian; Saint)

Pauline of the Agonizing Heart of Jesus (Christian; Saint)

Rusty (Muppetism)

Sabinus (Christian; Martyr)

Solstitium VI (Pagan)

Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury (Anglican commemoration)

Thomas More (Christian; Martyr)

Veronica Giuliani (Christian; Saint)

Zeno (Christian; Martyr)

Lunar Calendar Holidays

Chinese: Month 5 (Jia-Wu), Day 25 (Jia-Shen)

Day Pillar: Wood Monkey

12-Day Officers/12 Gods: Remove Day (除 Chu) [Auspicious]

Holidays: None Known

Secular Saints Days

Murphy Anderson (Art)

Barbara Cartland (Literature)

Chris Cooper (Entertainment)

James Ormsbee Chapin (Art)

William Turner Dannat (Art)

Brian Dennehy (Entertainment)

Tom Hanks (Entertainment)

Lee Hazlewood (Music)

Saturnino Herrán (Art)

David Hockney (Art)

June Jordan (Literature)

Jim Kerr (Music)

Adrianne Lenker (Music)

Matthew Gregory Lewis (Literature)

Kelly McGillis (Entertainment)

Mervyn Peake (Art)

Ann Radcliffe (Literature)

Ottorino Respighi (Music)

Richard Roundtree (Entertainment)

Fred Savage (Entertainment)

Bon Scott (Music)

Jimmy Smits (Entertainment)

Nikola Tesla (Science)

Masami Tsuda (Art)

Jack White (Music)

Basil Wolverton (Art)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Fortunate Day (Pagan) [26 of 53]

Taian (大安 Japan) [Lucky all day.]

Premieres

American Pie (Film; 1999)

Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy (Film; 2004)

At the Ol' Swimmin' Hole (Paramount-Bray Pictographs Cartoon; 1919)

Barbie (Film; 2023)

The Bears and Bees (Silly Symphony Disney Cartoon; 1932)

Bell Telephone Company (Telecommunications Company; 1877)

Black Widow (Film: 2021)

Blowin’ in the Wind, recorded by Bob Dylan (Song; 1962)

Blue, by LeAnn Rimes (Album; 1996)

Blue Moods, recorded by Miles Davis (Album; 1965)

Bobby Bumps' Fourth (Paramount-Bray Pictographs Cartoon; 1917)

Bobby Bumps in Shadow Boxing (Paramount Cartoon; 1921)

The Bridge, by Billy Joel (Album; 1986)

A Coy Decoy (Woody Woodpecker Cartoon; 1963)

Crow Crazy (Andy Panda Cartoon; 1945)

Despicable Me (Animated Film; 2010)

Don't Stop, by Fleetwood Mac (Song; 1977)

The Dream Kids (Columbia Favorites Cartoon; 1953)

Fireball, by Deep Purple (Album; 1971)

The Girl Who Played with Fire (Film; 2010)

The Golden Compass (a.k.a. Northern Lights), by Philip Pullman (Nove; 1995) [His Dark Materials #1]

Heavenly Puss (Tom & Jerry Cartoon; 1949)

How Much Love, by Leo Sayer (Song; 1977)

I Got You Babe, by Sonny & Cher (Song; 1965)

Love and Curses (WB MM Cartoon; 1938)

Loving You (Elvis Presley Film; 1957)

Monkey Love (Sullivan Cartoon Comedy Cartoon; 1917)

Mother's Little Helper, by The Rolling Stones (Song; 1966)

Noah Put the Cat Out (Tony Sarg's Almanac Cartoon; 1922)

The Office (UK TV Series; 2001)

The Oil Can Mystery (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1933)

Old King Cole (Silly Symphony Disney Cartoon; 1933)

One of Our Dinosaurs is Missing (Film; 1975)

Out-Numbered (Aesop's Film Fable Cartoon; 1928)

Pink Elephants (Farmer Al Falfa Terrytoons Cartoon; 1937)

Pirates of the Caribbean: Curse of the Black Pearl (Film; 2003)

Pluto’s Purchase (Disney Cartoon; 1948)

Predators (Film; 2010)

The Queen Was in the Parlor (WB MM Cartoon; 1932)

Riding Giants (Documentary Film; 2004)

Rocky Pink (Pink Panther Cartoon; 1976)

Rookie of the Year (Film; 1993)

The Saint on TV, by Fleming Lee (Short Stories; 1968) [Saint #39]

A Squeak in the Deep (WB LT Cartoon; 1966)

A Stone Age Error (Aesop's Sound Fable Cartoon; 1932)

The Submarine Chasers (Mutt & Jeff Cartoon; 1917)

Support Your Local Serpent (Blue Racer Cartoon; 1972)

Tall Timber (Oswald the Lucky Rabbit Disney Cartoon; 1928)

Terror Faces Magoo (Mr. Magoo Cartoon; 1959)

This Is a Life? (WB MM Cartoon; 1955)

Tron (Film; 1982)

Who's Zoomin' Who?, by Aretha Franklin (Album; 1985)

Why the Sphinx Laughed (Paramount Pictographs Cartoon; 1916)

William Tell (Oswald the Lucky Rabbit Cartoon; 1934)

Winnebago Man (Documentary Film; 2010)

Yeah Yeah Yeahs, by the Yeah Yeah Yeahs, (EP; 2011)

Today’s Name Days

Augustin, Gottfried, Veronika (Austria)

Leticija, Marija, Veronika (Croatia)

Drahoslava (Czech Republic)

Sostrata (Denmark)

Aive, Aivi (Estonia)

Ilta, Jade, Jasmiina, Jasmin, Nanna (Finland)

Amandine, Hermine, Iphigénie, Marianne (France)

Hannes, Hermine, Veronika (Germany)

Pagratios (Greece)

Lukrécia (Hungary)

Letizia (Italy)

Asne, Tusnelda, Zaiga (Latvia)

Algirdas, Algirdė, Leonardas, Veronika (Lithuania)

Gøran, Jøran, Ørjan (Norway)

Anatolia, Heloiza, Hieronim, Lucja, Łucja, Ludwika, Lukrecja, Mikołaj, Patrycjusz, Weronika, Wszebąd, Zenon, Zenona (Poland)

Lujza (Slovakia)

Verónica (Spain)

Götilda , Jörgen, Örjan (Sweden)

Averil, Avery, Junior, Misty (USA)

Amandine (Universal)

Today’s National Name Days

National Ann Day

National Nikola Day

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 190 of 2026; 175 days remaining in the year

ISO Week: Day 4 of Week 28 of 2026

Celtic Tree Calendar: Tinne (Holly) [Day 2 of 28] (thru 8.4)

Chinese: Month 5 (Jia-Wu), Day 25 (Jia-Shen)

Chinese Year of the: Horse 4724 (until February 6, 2027) [Bing-Wu]

Coptic: 2 Abib 1742

Druid Tree Calendar: Fir (July 5-14) [Day 5 of 10]

Hebrew: 24 Tammuz 5786

Islamic: 23 Muharram 1448

Julian: 26 June 2026

Meteorological Summer [Day 39]

Moon: 29%: Waning Crescent

Positivist: 22 Charlemagne (7th Month) [St. Clotilde]

Runic Half Month: Feoh (Wealth) [Day 12 of 15] (thru 7.12)

Season: Spring (Day 19 of 93)

SUn Calendar: 10 Red; Threesday [10 of 30]

Week: 1st Full Week of July

Zodiac:

Tropical (Typical): Cancer (Day 19 of 32)

Sidereal Zodiac: Gemini (Day 24 of 31)

Schmidt Zodiac: Gemini (Day 7 of 26)

IAU Boundaries (Current) Zodiac: Gemini (Day 18 of 29)

IAU Boundaries (1977) Zodiac: Gemini (Day 20 of 31)

[brookstonalmanac]

Beer Events 7.9

Events

Brewer Thomas Robinson granted permission to store his beer in the cellar of the Newport courthouse (Rhode Island; 1774)

Jacob Miller, aged 35, was killed by falling through the hatchway at Bayview Brewery, near Baltimore (1875)

Fritz Susemiehl patented a Steeping Tub for Steeping Barley (1889)

Jacob Ansenheimer patented a Package for Holding Liquids (1901)

Joseph Choquette patented a Beer Saving Apparatus (1912)

Walter Miller patented a Sanitary Vacuum Beer Mug (1912)

Calvin Ager patented a six-pack Container (1935)

Schaefer Brewing patented Inhibiting Micro-Biological in Beer (1957)

Sankey & Sons patented Methods of and Apparatus for Sterilizing and Filling Barrels (1968)

Miller Brewing patented a Preparation of Low Calorie Beer with Malt Extract Free of Yeast Lethal Factors (1985)

Pack of 64 Elephants in Kaziranga National Park found homemade beer in a nearby village and began drinking, later blocking traffic as they stumbled back home (India; 2003)

Russian River's Blind Pig IPA 1st bottled (2008)

Untappd database 1st built (2010)

Brewery Openings

Brouwerij Artois (Belgium; 1366)

Brasserie d'Orval (Belgium; 1931)

Highlands Hollow Brewhouse (Idaho; 2002)

Temblor Brewing (California; 2015)

Bruz Beers (Colorado; 2016)

Fairfield Craft Ales (Connecticut; 2016)

Hanging Hills Brewing (Connecticut; 2016)

Threshers Brewing (Maine; 2016)

Hopkins Farm Brewery (Maryland; 2020)

Lot 9 Brewing (South Carolina; 2020)

Agonic Brewing (Wisconsin; 2021)

Meyers Brewing (Pennsylvania; 2021)

[brookstonalmanac]

Events (after 1990)

1993 – The Parliament of Canada passes the Nunavut Act leading to the 1999 creation of Nunavut, dividing the Northwest Territories into arctic (Inuit) and sub-arctic (Dene) lands based on a plebiscite. 1995 – The Navaly church bombing is carried out by the Sri Lanka Air Force killing 125 Tamil civilian refugees. 1997 – An explosion aboard a Brazilian airline TAM Fokker 100 launches engineer Fernando Caldeira de Moura Campos into a 2,400 meters free fall. 1999 – Days of student protests begin after Iranian police and hardliners attack a student dormitory at the University of Tehran. 2002 – The African Union is established in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, replacing the Organisation of African Unity (OAU). The organization's first chairman is Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa. 2004 – The Senate Report on Iraqi WMD Intelligence is released by the United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, casting doubt on the rationale for the Iraq War. 2006 – One hundred and twenty-five people are killed when S7 Airlines Flight 778, an Airbus A310 passenger jet, veers off the runway while landing in wet conditions at Irkutsk Airport in Siberia. 2006 – Italy win their fourth World Cup title, defeating France 5–3 on penalties following a 1–1 draw after extra time. 2011 – South Sudan gains independence and secedes from Sudan. 2011 – A rally takes place in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia to call for fairer elections in the country. 2025 – Earth completes its shortest recorded day due to a slight acceleration in rotation, with July 9 lasting approximately 1.3 to 1.6 milliseconds less than 24 hours.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events (1860-1990)

1863 – American Civil War: The Siege of Port Hudson ends in a Union victory and, along with the fall of Vicksburg five days earlier, gives the Union complete control of the Mississippi River. 1868 – The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing African Americans full citizenship and all persons in the United States due process of law. 1875 – The Herzegovina Uprising against Ottoman rule begins, which would last until 1878 and have far-reaching implications throughout the Balkans. 1877 – The inaugural Wimbledon Championships begins. 1893 – Daniel Hale Williams, American heart surgeon, performs the first successful open-heart surgery in United States without anesthesia. 1896 – William Jennings Bryan delivers his Cross of Gold speech advocating bimetallism at the 1896 Democratic National Convention in Chicago. 1900 – The Federation of Australia is given royal assent. 1900 – The Governor of Shanxi province in North China orders the execution of 45 foreign Christian missionaries and local church members, including children. 1918 – In Nashville, Tennessee, an inbound local train collides with an outbound express, killing 101 and injuring 171 people, making it the deadliest rail accident in United States history. 1922 – Johnny Weissmuller swims the 100 meters freestyle in 58.6 seconds, breaking the world swimming record and the 'minute barrier'. 1926 – Chiang Kai-shek accepts the post of commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army, marking the beginning of the Northern Expedition to unite China under the rule of the Nationalist government. 1932 – The state of São Paulo revolts against the Brazilian Federal Government, starting the Constitutionalist Revolution. 1937 – The silent film archives of Fox Film Corporation are destroyed by the 1937 Fox vault fire. 1943 – World War II: The Allied invasion of Sicily begins, leading to the downfall of Mussolini and forcing Hitler to break off the Battle of Kursk. 1944 – World War II: American forces take Saipan, bringing the Japanese archipelago within range of B-29 raids, and causing the downfall of the Tojo government. 1944 – World War II: Continuation War: Finland wins the Battle of Tali–Ihantala, the largest battle ever fought in northern Europe. The Red Army withdraws its troops from Ihantala and digs into a defensive position, thus ending the Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive. 1955 – The Russell–Einstein Manifesto calls for a reduction of the risk of nuclear warfare. 1956 – The 7.7 Mw Amorgos earthquake shakes the Cyclades island group in the Aegean Sea with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The shaking and the destructive tsunami that followed left fifty-three people dead. A damaging M7.2 aftershock occurred minutes after the mainshock. 1958 – A 7.8 Mw strike-slip earthquake in Alaska causes a landslide that produces a megatsunami. The runup from the waves reached 525 m (1,722 ft) on the rim of Lituya Bay; five people were killed. 1961 – Greece becomes the first member state to join the European Economic Community by signing the Athens Agreement, which is later suspended in 1967 during the Greek junta. 1962 – Starfish Prime tests the effects of a nuclear explosion at orbital altitudes. 1977 – The Pinochet dictatorship in Chile organises the youth event of Acto de Chacarillas, a ritualised act reminiscent of Francoist Spain. 1979 – A car bomb destroys a Renault motor car owned by "Nazi hunters" Serge and Beate Klarsfeld outside their home in France in an unsuccessful assassination attempt. 1982 – Pan Am Flight 759 crashes in Kenner, Louisiana, killing all 145 people on board and eight others on the ground. 1986 – The New Zealand Parliament passes the Homosexual Law Reform Act legalising homosexuality in New Zealand.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 7.9 (before 1860)

118 – Hadrian, who became emperor a year previously on Trajan's death, makes his entry into Rome. 381 – The end of the First Council of Christian bishops convened in Constantinople by the Roman emperor Theodosius I. 455 – The elderly noble Avitus is proclaimed Roman emperor by Gothic king Theoderic II in Toulouse. 491 – Odoacer makes a night assault with his Heruli guardsmen, engaging Theoderic the Great in Ad Pinetam. Both sides suffer heavy losses, but in the end Theodoric forces Odoacer back into Ravenna. 551 – A major earthquake strikes Beirut, triggering a devastating tsunami that affects the coastal towns of Byzantine Phoenicia, causing thousands of deaths. 660 – Korean forces under general Kim Yu-sin of Silla defeat the army of Baekje in the Battle of Hwangsanbeol. 869 – The 8.4–9.0 Mw Sanriku earthquake strikes the area around Sendai in northern Honshu, Japan. Inundation from the tsunami extended several kilometers inland. 969 – The Fatimid general Jawhar leads the Friday prayer in Fustat in the name of Caliph al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah, thereby symbolically completing the Fatimid conquest of Egypt. 1357 – Emperor Charles IV assists in laying the foundation stone of Charles Bridge in Prague. 1386 – The Old Swiss Confederacy makes great strides in establishing control over its territory by soundly defeating the Duchy of Austria in the Battle of Sempach. 1401 – Timur attacks the Jalairid Sultanate and destroys Baghdad. 1540 – King Henry VIII of England annuls his marriage to his fourth wife, Anne of Cleves. 1572 – Nineteen Catholics suffer martyrdom for their beliefs, in the Dutch town of Gorkum. 1609 – Bohemia is granted freedom of religion through the Letter of Majesty by the Holy Roman Emperor, Rudolf II. 1701 – A Bourbon force under Nicolas Catinat withdraws from a smaller Habsburg force under Prince Eugene of Savoy in the Battle of Carpi. 1735 – Safavid Iran captures Ganja from the Ottoman Empire after defeating them in the battle of Yeghevārd. 1745 – French victory in the Battle of Melle allows them to capture Ghent in the days after. 1755 – The Braddock Expedition is soundly defeated by a smaller French and Native American force in its attempt to capture Fort Duquesne in what is now downtown Pittsburgh. 1762 – Catherine the Great becomes Empress of Russia following the coup against her husband, Peter III. 1763 – The Mozart family grand tour of Europe begins, lifting the profile of son Wolfgang Amadeus. 1776 – George Washington orders the Declaration of Independence to be read out to members of the Continental Army in Manhattan, while thousands of British troops on Staten Island prepare for the Battle of Long Island. 1789 – In Versailles, the National Assembly reconstitutes itself as the National Constituent Assembly and begins preparations for a French constitution. 1790 – The Swedish Navy captures one third of the Russian Baltic fleet. 1793 – The Act Against Slavery in Upper Canada bans the importation of slaves and will free those who are born into slavery after the passage of the Act at 25 years of age. 1795 – Financier James Swan pays off the $2,024,899 US national debt that had been accrued during the American Revolution. 1807 – The second Treaty of Tilsit is signed between France and Prussia, ending the War of the Fourth Coalition. 1810 – Napoleon annexes the Kingdom of Holland as part of the First French Empire. 1811 – Explorer David Thompson posts a sign near what is now Sacajawea State Park in Washington state, claiming the Columbia District for the United Kingdom. 1815 – Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord becomes the first Prime Minister of France. 1816 – Argentina declares independence from Spain. 1821 – Four hundred and seventy prominent Cypriots including Archbishop Kyprianos are executed in response to Cypriot aid to the Greek War of Independence. 1850 – U.S. President Zachary Taylor dies after eating raw fruit and iced milk; he is succeeded in office by Vice President Millard Fillmore. 1850 – Persian prophet Báb is executed in Tabriz, Persia.