Chemistry

Dhara P Period 5 Chemistry

[ch-e-mis-t-ry]

No joke. Whenever you’re in the halls, some guy out there is wearing cologne. Sometimes it’s too strong and sometimes it’s subtle enough to be appreciated (as it should be).

But what makes cologne so desirable? Well cologne is usually used to mask the natural scent of a person. Some...

[captainchemistry]

After reading Zoe's blog, i learned a lot about cologne. Perfumes have chemicals that copy the sent of human pheromones. These, as Zoe states, "can elicit specific behavior responses. Most of these reactions are associated with no-no, vulgar activities like doing the do." 

http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-truth-about-pheromones-100363955/?no-ist

[chemistry2013-14]

Coloring is really fun. I remember when I was younger I would always color with crayons. There are so many different colors, too! Now that I am older, I realized there is more to crayons than just a utensil to color and draw! I wondered how they were made, and the answer was easy: chemistry!...

[captainchemistry]

After Reading Lindsey's blog about crayons, I wanted to rush to the store and get myself a coloring book. There's never an age to coloring.  

I learned that paraffin wax and pigments are the main ingredients in crayons. The chemical formula for this wax is C25H52. Our photography project can relate to this to because of the pictures we took and how everything has a chemical structure. 

http://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/science-questions/question563.htm

[yes-meganchemistry-things-blog]

recently, I went on a field trip to a student-made film festival. There, we took a course on special effects. It was fascinating to learn about all of the different ways to make people look injured, or look like monsters. The most fascinating par, however, was to learn how film makers made the...

[captainchemistry]

I learned many thing about fake blood after reading Megan's blog about it. Fake blood consists of corn syrup, water, red and green food coloring, and corn starch. All these ingredients combined allows the blood to look realistic. Another way is to use hair gel, red and green food coloring, and some type of lubricant. The other way to do it, which is commonly used in movies consists of only water, red coloring or dye, and methyl cellulose powder. You combine cellulose, caustic solution, and methyl chloride. This is safe to put on the body. 

[captainchemistry]

Relate with Chemistry; Stain Removers

Have you ever spilled something on the floor or in your room and you wanted to get rid of it before your mom or dad come in and start yelling? I'm sure that's all happened to us before. Well thanks to stain removers, our problems are now gone. Stain removers work purely on chemistry.

Water has surface tension, meaning that water's surface is attracted to other surfaces. Molecules of water are attracted by each other, but since water's surface does not have any "like" molecules, they attract to others molecules on the surfaces they come into contact with. Detergents are surfacants, which lower the surface tension of water. The surfacants surround the drop of a stain molecule so that water can remove it from the fabric. 

However, some stains, like grease, are a pain in the butt to remove. You would have to use hydrocarbon solvents, where oxidizing agents attack and destroy links that are formed by stain molecules. The leftover water molecules wash away because they are soluble in water. Some interesting stain removeres have whiteners in them which remove the stain and also whiten up the fabric. These kinds of removers contain chemicals that absorb UV light and emit visible light. 

SO next time you spill something, remember the chemistry behind stain removers and how thankful we are for having them!

http://humantouchofchemistry.com/what-makes-stain-removers-remove-stains.htm

[okspenco-blog]

[captainchemistry]

okspenco:

Have you ever in a situation where you suddenly became energetic or strong. If you have you might have experiences a flight or fight moment. This is a moment when your body decides whether to stay and encounter a situation or run away and avoid it. When in fight or flight situations if your body...

After reading SPencer's post about Adrenaline, I learned a lot about it and how it relates to chemistry. Adrenaline is a chemical that gives people a shot of energy. Its formula is C9H13NO3 AKA epinephrine, This chemical is released in response to the brain's signals and thus mobilizes the body's defense system. As a result, glucose is released into the bloodstream. YOu get an extra burst of energy--called an adrenaline rush. 

Adrenaline can also save lives by countering the affects of anaphylactic shock. Sometimes it can increase the heart rate and prevent someone from dying. Adrenaline is a useful chemical our bodies produce that can save us from dying. 

[captainchemistry]

Tooth whiteners

SMILE!!!!!!!! Everybody wants to have nice shiny white teeth. However, many of us have disgusting yellow teeth. This is caused from foods that you eat which stains the enamel layer of our teeth and the pigments penetrate into the cracks of our teeth. This makes our teeth look yellow. 

Now don't you want to have that nice glow when you smile? Well, tooth whiteners contain a bleaching agent which removes the stains on our teeth. hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide are the main bleaching agents. When this agent is applied to our teeth, oxidizing reactions are made that pierce two layers of our teeth- the enamel and dentin. 

If too much of an agent is applied to our teeth, it causes chemical burns as it touches unprotected tissue. 

However, just brush your teeth twice a day and floss and you won't need any tooth whiteners, which could have some side affects, including tooth sensitivity. 

http://humantouchofchemistry.com/sparkling-facts-about-tooth-whiteners.htm 

[okspenco-blog]

Have you ever wrote an essay or done homework with a pen? Im sure most kids of all ages have had to write in pen before and many have made mistakes. These mistakes can be annoying, making your notes or essay look unappealing. Well the logical resolution to this dilemma would be to take...

[captainchemistry]

After reading Spencer's blog, i learned about wite out and the chemistry behind it! BEtty Graham invented it, which was later created into correction fluid. THis contained thinners, which are carcinogenic, causing death.  Due to safety issues, the chemical in wite out used non toxic ingredients. Nowadays, it is made of titanium dioxide, hence the white color. solvent naphtha, petroleum and light aliphatic, are mixed with titanium dioxide, and resin, mineral spirits, colorants, fragrance, and dispersant are also in the substance, giving it that white color. In addition, these things combined help the liquid to dry quicker and are long lasting on the paper. 

Without wite out, i would have mistakes all over my papers! 

[chemistry2013-14]

Recently, I was thinking about shampoo and how it relates to chemistry! Chemistry is important in every aspect of life, so I was curious about shampoo! There are plenty of chemicals and compounds used in shampoo, so I decided to learn more about it. I did some research, and was able to compare...

[captainchemistry]

I was also recently thinking about shampoo and how it relates to chemistry. Lindsey's post answered all my questions! 

Hair has a protective coating called sebum, which is a greasy substance that gives hair a shiny touch. However it can make hair look dirty and can cause hair to stick together, which is bad. THats why we have shampoo; it lowers surface tension which prevents hair from sticking.Lindsey stated "This means hair is less likely to stick to oils or stick to itself. Part of the detergent is hydrophobic, and it is hydrocarbon. This bonds to the sebum of hair. There is also a hydrophilic part in detergents, which means when you rinse your hair, the sebum and shampoo leaves, too."

This relates to chemistry because of the breaking of bonding and the chemical sebum.

[slazieh]

https://www.sciencenews.org/article/thinking-hard-weighs-heavy-brain

Ask any high school student and they’ll tell you that schoolwork can really get the brain working. As a pupil myself, I have been through my fair share of headaches brought on by endless hours of homework. A fact that I...

[captainchemistry]

I actually didn't know this. This was really interesting! :)

[yes-meganchemistry-things-blog]

Pepsi is a sugary soda that many people consume at parties, or even have a can every day. But how do pepsi (and other sodas) work exactly? Well this article explains it all! http://www.chemistryislife.com/site/thechemistryofblank/the-chemistry-of-pepsi

The two main components of Pepsi are...

[captainchemistry]

I learned a lot from this blog post it was very interesting. chem does taste like pepsi cola. ;) 

[captainchemistry]

hahahahahahaha hahahahaha hahahaha hahaha haha ha....

[captainchemistry]

Relate with Chemistry; Eggshells

Even though i dont eat eggs as much, i have cracked one before! i wondered what are they able to easily crack? Obvi the answer is chem! 

"Eggshells are made out of a protein matrix with a lining of calcium carbonate crystals or other mineral crystals. Calcium carbonate is the stuff you find in chalk. Eggs are formed within the reproductive system of birds, forming a protective layer, taking almost 20 hours to form! When a hen lays an egg, there is a small pocket of air formed inside the egg. Just after the egg is laid it cools causing the content of the egg to contract." "This pocket of air is formed at the larger end of the egg, between a thin inner membrane and outer membrane. If you look closely at the shell you may notice that there are a number of tiny pores. Through these pores carbon dioxide and moisture trapped within the egg escapes over time. As a result, air enters the egg to fill up the space of the carbon dioxide and moisture." This relates with chemistry because of the many things found in eggs, such as calcium carbonate. Eggs can also float on water when there is a lot of air trapped inside of it. 

http://humantouchofchemistry.com/what-makes-an-eggshell-and-why-do-they-crack.htm

[captainchemistry]

Relate with Chemistry; Sweat

WHen you think of sweat, you think of how bad you smelll after exercising and stuff. Well sweating is actually good for you. It is our body's way of cooling ourselves down. Even though we feel even hotter sometimes, our body is releasing all the heat in us to keep us cool. 

" Sweat is released through small holes known as pores in our skin. When sweat comes in contact with the atmosphere, it evaporates leaving a cool feeling behind. Sweat is almost made of water with small amounts of chemicals like ammonia, urea, sugar and body salts like sodium. Our body has approximately two million tiny sweat glands.We have two types of sweat glands in our body; eccrine and aprocine glands. Eccrine glands are the common ones and are located in our palms, forehead and soles of our feet. Aprocine glands are found in our armpits and the end of our hair follicles. There is a difference in the type of sweat released by both these glands. Eccrine releases sweat that is more of water and thin in nature. Aprocine releases thicker sweat that has a yellow colour to it because of the presence of fatty acids and proteins."

This relates with chemistry because sweat consists of chemicals such as ammonia and sugar and sodium, a body salt. 

http://humantouchofchemistry.com/why-do-we-smell-when-we-sweat.htm

http://humantouchofchemistry.com/why-do-we-smell-when-we-sweat.htm

[captainchemistry]

Relate with Chemistry; Jet planes

Almost every day i look into the sky and see a trail of white puff as a jet plane passes, and i wonder to myself, what causes this to happen? with further research, i learned the answer was chemistry, of course :) 

 The trail is caused from planes that fly at very high alititudes where the air  is very cold, typically at 26,000 ft above see level. A jet plane at this height releases CO2 (carbon dioxide) and water vapour from its engines. "

These gases go from a very high temperature inside the engine, right into the freezing air.

This causes water vapour to condense immediately into water, and even ice particles. Temporarily, the density of water in the air increases. The water droplets or ice crystals act as 'condensation nuclei'. That is, they attract more water molecules towards them, forming bigger and bigger drops of water. And that's exactly what a cloud is - lots of tiny drops of water suspended in the air. Because these trails are caused by condensing water vapour, they are called contrails."

Contrails can last for quite a while or very short. In same areas, the contrails can be mixed with smog and pollutants from the city, forming a haze over the area. 

This relates with chemistry because jet planes release carbon dioxide which is a chemical compound composed of 2 oxygen atoms and a single carbon atom. 

http://humantouchofchemistry.com/why-do-jet-planes-leave-a-trail-behind-them.htm

[captainchemistry]

Relate with Chemistry; Poppin' Popcorn

When seeing a movie, one thing necessary is popcorn. You can't live without this buttery deliciousness. But why does popcorn pop? The answer is chemistry, what else is new? 

"Well, only popcorn kernel (the seed-like corn piece) can pop, and the secret is water. Each kernel contains a small amount of water stored in a circle of soft starch inside the hard outer casing. When heated to around 450 degrees F, the moisture turns to steam, creating pressure within. As the pressure builds, the casing eventually gives way, and the kernel explodes and pops, allowing the water to escape as steam and turning the kernel inside out" 

Now some modern popcorn machines have ways from keeping the popcorn exploding all over. They have air poppers, poppers to pop popcorns from the fireplace, bags for the microwaves and  much more. 

http://humantouchofchemistry.com/how-does-popcorn-pop.htm

[captainchemistry]

Relate with Chemistry; Jelly

I love jelly. i put it on my sandwiches and it tastes good. But when i eat it i always wonder if it is a solid or liquid? well, just like everything else, chemistry solves the answer to everything!

Jelly powder contains a protein called collagen found in animals and makes up about 1/3 of the proteins in our body. It is a "highly structured protein" that gives us strength and flexibility, and protection.  

"These chains of collagen protein stick together. They are bound to each other in a triple helix of hydrogen bonds. This gives jelly its wobbly nature. When you heat jelly, these protein chains move freely and do not stick to each other, as the jelly cools down the protein chains get entangled in a loose network. This is why jelly is more liquid like when it is hot and wobbly when it sets."

This relates to chemistry because it has to do with matter. The controversy is if jelly is a liquid or solid. The collagens stick to eachother and combine in helixes of hydrogen bonds, another thing that we learned in chemistry. 

http://humantouchofchemistry.com/is-jelly-a-solid-or-a-liquid.htm

[captainchemistry]

Relate with Chemistry; Pearls in Oysters

One time in Florida I went to sea world and there was a big area full of oysters. This one man asked me if i wanted a pearl from it and i got one. At that moment, i wondered how do pearls form inside oysters. The reason is chemistry! Who would've knew? 

When a pearl oyster gets hurt, it forms a "pearl sac" to contain the injury. In this injured area, the oyster creates two proteins called conchin and perlucin which form together a matrix called conchiolin,containing many porous spaces similar to a sponge. In these porous areas, the oyster then secrets aragonite crystals, which is a crystal made of calcium carbonate. When conchiolin and aragonite combine, they make up "mother of pearl." This later creates many layers around the original object, it becomes mature. 

There are many characteristics about Pearls and oysters. Pearls are very shiny and smooth and their shininess comes from a form of iridescence. Pearls can also be made artificially. 

This relates to chemistry because calcium carbonate is found in the process of how a pearl is formed. 

http://humantouchofchemistry.com/how-do-oysters-make-pearls.htm