History of Media
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Before we go on to the history of media let us know first what is media.Ā Ā Ā Media are the communication outlets or tools used to store and deliver information or data. The term refers to components of the mass media communications industry, such as print media, publishing, the news media, photography, cinema, broadcasting (radio and television), and advertising. Media is the plural form of medium, which (broadly speaking) describes any channel of communication.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā EVOLUTION OF MEDIA TIMELINE
Pre-Industrial AgeĀ (before 1700)Ā Ā Ā
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Cave paintings (38000 BCE)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Also known as āpariental artā. These are painted drawings on cave walls and ceiling first use in Eurasia. It is theorized as way of communicating and theorized also for religious or ceremonial purposes.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Papyrus in Egypt (2500 BCE)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā FromĀ āpithā of papyrus plant and similar to thick papers. First used in ancient Egypt and the earliest Archaeological evidence was excavated in 2012-2013 at Wadi al-Jarf (ancient Egyptian harbor)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Clay Tablets in Mesopotamia (2400 BCE)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā It is a writing medium, especial for writing in cuneiform during bronze and iron age. Invented by the Sumerians.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Acta Diurna in Rome (131 BCE)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā First used in Roman republic. Stated results of legal proceedings and outcomes of trials as well as Public and Military notices.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Dibao in China (2nd century)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ancient Chinese Gazette and also calledĀ āPalace Reportsā andĀ āImperial Bulletinā. First used during early as the Han Dynasty or as late as the Tang Dynasty.
Ā Ā Ā Ā Maya Codices (5th century)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Folding books by the Pre-Columbian Maya Civilization in Maya hieroglyphic script in Mesoamerican bark cloth. More durable and better writing surface than Papyrus.Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Wood Blocks as printing press (7th century)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Originated in China during Tang Dynasty. It is used in printing text, image, or patterns in those times.
Industrial Age (1700s to 1930s)
Ā Ā Ā Ā Printing press for Mass production (1440)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Iron presses inspired by earlier attempts by Swiss type founder Wilhlm Hass, Charles Stanhope built iron presses that can print around 200 impressions per hour.
Ā Ā Ā Newspaper (London Gazette) 1740Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā One of the official journals of record of the British Government.Ā London Gazette-oldest surviving English newspaper and first published byĀ āOxford Gazetteā.
Ā Ā Ā Typewriter (1874)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Mechanical and electro-mechanicalĀ machine for writing characters similar to those produce by printerās movable type. Became common in offices during mid- 1880s.
Ā Ā Ā Telephone (1876)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā A telecommunication device. Alexander Graham Bell was the first one to be granted a United States patent for a device that produced clearly intelligible replication of the human voice.
Ā Ā Ā Kinetoscope (1890)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Allows viewerās to watch brief movie through a small peephole. Develop by Thomas Edison from his other invention-phonograph. Still survived in the form of peep shows.Ā
Ā Ā Ā Kinetophone (19th century)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Provide music to accompany the image of the kinetoscope.
Ā Ā Ā Telegraph (late 19th century)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā System of communication employing electronical apparatus to transmit and receive signals. Invented in USA by Samuel F.B. Morse and in Britain by sir Charles Weatstone with sir William F. Cooke.Ā
Ā Ā Ā Punch Card (late 19th century)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Stiff paper use to contain digital information. Card for computing data and have patterns of holes punched in it.
Electronic Age (1930s to 1980s)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā
Ā Ā Ā Ā Transistor Radio (1947)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Small portable radio receiver that uses transistors in itās circuit.
Ā Ā Ā Television (1920)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Used for transmitting moving images. Primary medium during 1950.
Ā Ā Ā ENIAC (1946)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer. One of the earliest electronic General purpose computerās made.
Ā Ā Ā Mainframe Computers (1950)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā High-level Computer design for most intensive computational task.Ā Ā Ā Ā
Ā Ā Ā Ā LCD Projector (1960)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Displays video, imageĀ or computer data.
New/Information Age (1900s to 2000s)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā
Ā Ā Ā Ā Web BrowsersĀ (1900s)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Web browsers that popularizedĀ the World Wide Web Ā and the internet. Was named for its supportĀ of multiple internet protocols.Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā
Ā Ā Ā Blogs (2003)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Blog-publishing service that allows multi usersĀ blogĀ with timed-stamped entries and develop by Pyra Labs.
Ā Ā Ā Social NetworksĀ (2003)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā A social structure made up ofĀ a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations) sets of dyadicĀ ties, and other social interactions between actors.
Ā Ā Ā Ā MicroblogsĀ Ā ( 2004)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Allows user to exchange small elements of content such as short sentences, individual images, or video links.
Ā Ā Ā Web Search Engine (2004)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Software system that is designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. The information may be a mix of web pages, images and other type of files.Ā
Ā Ā Ā Video (youtube) 2005Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Video sharing internet venture.
Ā Ā Ā Portable Computers (20th century)Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā Laptops, Netbooks, Tablets. Computer that is designed to moved from one place to another and includes a display and keyboard.
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