Science Maniac

“Two things are infinite: the universe and human stupidity; and I'm not sure about the universe.”

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Work:

Well Work is a term with which everyone is familiar. We everytime are busy in some work or other like

studying, watching Netflix all night, even sleeping , talking, standing, and many many more..

But all of the above work are not work done in physics. Work done in physics is different.

What is work done in physics?

In physics work is considered to be done if the object is displaced from its initial position.

For example:

If you are sitting and studying for hours and hours and in contrast you are running. In second case you are actually doing work.

Let's talk more about this work:

*It is a scalar quantity.

*SI unit is Joule(J)

*It is scalar product of Force and displacement.

*The angle between force and displacement play an important role

Formula Used:

The formula used is W=F.s

Here W: is work done

F: is magnitude of force

s: is the displacement of the body.

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#Blog 20

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I am sorry for not able to post my blogs.

I will try to post it continuously.

Hope you all understand.

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Distance and Displacement

Distance is defined as the total path covered by the body.

Features

1.Distance is a scalar quantity. 2.It has magnitude and no direction.

3.The SI unit of distance is meter.

Whereas displacement is shortest distance. It is distance between final point and initial point.

Features

1.Distance is a vector quantity.

2.It has direction and magnitude.

3.The SI unit of distance is meter.

Well Let's understand with example.

Let's consider Haz goes 4m North and 3m.

Distance =3+4=7m

Displacement =5m

Points to be remembered :

Distance can be greater or equal to displacement.

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More talks about moles:

In the previous blog we talked about no. of moles in terms of mass. But today we are going to have a look at moles in different criteria i.e in terms of volume and molecules.

#In terms of molecules.

Earlier we have talked about Avagadro number so please check it out.

So let's take an example of it in form of questions.

Question

Q. Find the number of molecules in 2 moles of oxygen.

Solution:

#In terms of volume

It is a bit different. We measure moles in term of volume but with STP(Standard temperature and pressure).

What is STP?

It is a condition when the temperature is 273.16 Kelvin and 1 atmospheric pressure. Also at STP the volume is 22.4L.

So let's take an example of

Question

Q. Find the volume of 2 moles of oxygen at STP.

Solution:

Formula desk:

# Moles in terms of volume.

No. of moles =

Volume of substance /

Volume at STP (22.4L)

#Moles in terms of molecules.

No. of molecules =

Molecules of substance /

Avagadro number

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Mole concept:

This topic seems to be difficult to many of high school students like me but they start from basic and than advanced. I hope it is helpful and enjoyable.

Seeing to name mole concept, the first question arises is

What is mole??

It is a numerical value. It is the number of species (molecules) present in one atom of Carbon-12 isotope is known as mole.

Who discovered it ??

It was discovered by Avagadro. He told the no. of molecules present in 1 mole. It is 6.022×10(power)23

About:Amedeo Avogadro

(August 9, 1776–July 9, 1856) was an Italian scientist known for his research on gas volume, pressure, and temperature. He formulated the gas law known as Avogadro's law, which states that all gases, at the same temperature and pressure, have the same number of molecules per volume.

Hmm.. A bit confused

#Let me tell you some facts about:

Carbon

It's mass is 12u approximately. Its atomic number is 6 and is represented by "C"

Formula desk:

The formula to calculate no. of moles in terms of Mass is

No. of moles:

Given mass /Molar mass.

##Question time

Thank you!!

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Factors affected by change in physical state :

There are many which are affected by change in physical state but we are gonna look into some of them.

Now a question arises,

What is physical state?

There are mainly three types of physical state

#Solid

In solid the force of attraction between molecules is very high.

For example

#Liquid

There the force of attraction is greater than that of gas but less than that of solid.

For example

#Gas

There is no or very less force of attraction between the molecules.

For example

There are many such factors which are affected by change in physical state.

1.Mass

Mass is not effected by change in physical state as it don't depend on physical state.

For example

100gram of ice have same mass as that of 100gram of water.

2.Volume

Volume depends on physical state of matter. It is generally higher in gas than in liquid.

For example

Volume occupied by the perfume in bottle is limited but when it is sprinkled it spreads all over the room.

3.Density

Density is just opposite the thing which has highest volume has the lowest density and vice versa. As density is inversely proportional to volume.

For example

Density of water is more than that of gas.

4.No.of molecules

The no. of molecules are always same and don't depend on physical state.

For example

If there are 5molecules of H2O on gaseous state than it is similar in liquid state too.

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Matter :

Anything that has mass and occupies space or volume.

Example :

Book, pen etc.

Classification of matter :

Matter can be classified in two types

#Pure substance :

Only one type of atom or molecules is present in the matter.

Example..

Sodium, water etc.

Pure substances are also classified in two types :

1.Elements:

Only one type of atom is present .

Example :

Hydrogen gas, oxygen gas

2.Compounds:

More than one type of atom is present.

Example :

Water, Carbon dioxide

#Mixture:

Mire than one type of atoms or molecules are present in the matter.

Example :

Salt solutions, oil and water etc.

Mixtures are also classified in two types :

1.Homogeneous mixtures:

If two or more than two atoms combine to form a unifirmally distributed solution is homogeneous mixture.

Example :

Salt solutions, sugar solutions etc.

2.Heterogeneous mixtures :

If two or more than two atoms don't combine to form a unifirmally distributed solution is heterogeneous mixture.

Example :

Oil and Water, sand and water etc.

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Physical quantities

The quantities which can measured by an instrument and which describes the laws of the physical law.

The question arises in everybody's head is

What is physical quantity made of??

Physical quantity is made of two main things:

#Numerical value:it includes the numbers. Like 100,2000 etc.

#Unit:it is mainly used for comparison. Like Newton, kg etc.

How many types are there?

There are three types :

#Foundamental.

#Supplementary.

#Derieved.

Today we will talk about fundamental physical quantity.

Fundamental quantities:

There are basically seven fundamental quantities.

#Mass (Kilogram)

#Time (Seconds)

#Length (Metre)

#Temperature (Kelvin)

#Current (Ampere)

#Light intensity(Candla)

#Amount of substance (mol)

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Hey guy sorry to not have a

update as I was a sort of busy these days.

Hope you all understand.