A pest may crowd out desirable plants, disturb soil, stunt the growth of young seedlings, steal or damage fruit, or otherwise kill plants, hamper their growth, damage their appearance, or reduce the quality of the edible or ornamental portions of the plant. Garden pests are generally plants , fungi , or animals (frequently insects ) that engage in activity that the gardener considers undesirable. In US and British usage, the production of ornamental plantings around buildings is called landscaping , landscape maintenance or grounds keeping, while international usage uses the term gardening for these same activities.
Common hedge plants are privet , hawthorn , beech , yew , leyland cypress , hemlock , arborvitae , barberry , box , holly , oleander , forsythia and lavender The idea of open gardens without hedges may be distasteful to those who enjoy privacy. In Japan, Samurai and Zen monks were often required to build decorative gardens or practice related skills like flower arrangement known as ikebana In 18th-century Europe, country estates were refashioned by landscape gardeners into formal gardens or landscaped park lands, such as at Versailles , France, or Stowe , England. To describe gardening using intermediate technology (more than tools, less than harvesters), especially of organic varieties Gardening is effectively scaled up to feed entire villages of over 100 people from specialized plots.
There is some overlap between the terms, particularly in that some moderate-sized vegetable growing concerns, often called market gardening , can fit in either category. Gardening for average people evolved as a separate discipline, more concerned with aesthetics, recreation and leisure , 19 under the influence of the pleasure gardens of the wealthy. Gardening departments and centers mainly sell plants, sundries, and garden accessories, but many have now begun stocking outdoor leisure products, such as spas, furniture, and barbecues.
Native plant gardening is concerned with the use of native plants with or without the intent of creating wildlife habitat The goal is to create a garden in harmony with, and adapted to a given area. Indoor gardening extends the growing season in the fall and spring and can be used for winter gardening. Gardening also takes place in non-residential green areas, such as parks, public or semi-public gardens ( botanical gardens or zoological gardens ), amusement parks , along transportation corridors, and around tourist attractions and garden hotels In these situations, a staff of gardeners or groundskeepers maintains the gardens Homesnoops.
Gardens of the 19th century contained plants such as the monkey puzzle or Chile pine. By the late 13th century, rich Europeans began to grow gardens for leisure and for medicinal herbs and vegetables. After the fall of Rome, gardening was done for the purpose of growing medicinal herbs and/or decorating church altars Monasteries carried on a tradition of garden design and intense horticultural techniques during the medieval period in Europe.
Among the most popular species planted were date palms , sycamores, fir trees , nut trees, and willows These gardens were a sign of higher socioeconomic status. Gardens in ancient Egypt were often surrounded by walls with trees planted in rows. It involves an active participation in the growing of plants, and tends to be labor-intensive, which differentiates it from farming or forestry.
