Disability representation
Disabled character rarely get to be their own, full character, instead they tend to fall in one of a few archetypes of disability representation, few of which grant them much humanity and in many cases, disabled characters were/are clearly separated from able-bodied society.
with early characters, the only place disability was seen at all is villains and other vile characters, who´s disabilities served to underscore that they were evil and distinctly different from what was usually an able-bodied group of heroes. Disability itself was represented as a moral defect, which deserved ridicule and separation from "proper" society (which is to say able-bodied society).
In the past as well as many places currently, disability is shown as something damning you to live miserably and bitter and without any hope for a happy or fulfilling lives, sometimes death is portrayed as a best case scenario for a disabled character like this and any responsibility of society to improve conditions for disabled people is disregarded.
Other cases present Disabled characters as a motivational story, meant for a able-bodied audience, in which characters often overcome their disability in one way or another, which is dishearteningly impossible for many real people with disabilities and only serves to play into the idea that disabled people, instead of getting external support from government or fellow people to make a world they´re able to participate in, should "pull themselves up by their bootstraps" and simply try harder.
A more modern issue in disability representation is when there are simple fixes to a disability, which either reverse it fully, or make the disability non-disabling to the characters, this is especially prevalent in sci-fi and superhero media, but can appear anywhere. In these instances a character might technically have an impairment, such as a missing limb, but it is not addressed and instead "fixed" by, for an example, a hyper-advanced prosthetic which they constantly wear and functions perfectly as a real arm. This might be a nice thought in some instances, but it is extremely unrealistic and causes a disconnect between a fictional disabled character and the reality of being disabled.
In short, there is still a lot of work to be done in regards of representing disabled people as actual people and not disregarding their disabilities entirely.
(EDIT: to be clear, i don't mean to say that any of these ways of representation are always awful and shouldn't exist, i only want to point out how common these stereotypes are and how they can potentially be harmful. i think some of these do a have their place, but i think there should also be more nuanced and varied representation of disability.)
(here are some sources i used to research this:
https://cma4962.wordpress.com/2016/03/01/history-of-disability-on-film/
https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-ouch-27883836
https://www.handinhandqc.org/blog/problematic-representation-of-people-with-disabilities-in-the-media
as well as my own experiences with media)














