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IO in Java

IO in Java Java has very optimized and efficient packages for IO (Input and Output) operations. Java uses concept of stream (packages of data/information) for input and output tasks that are effective and supports many data types. For reading data/information, Java invokes InputStream, and for writing, it uses OutputStream objects. Code Examples: Byte Streams Java byte stream is one the most…

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IO in Java

IO in Java

Java has very optimized and efficient packages for IO (Input and Output) operations. Java uses concept of stream (packages of data/information) for input and output tasks that are effective and supports many data types.

For reading data/information, Java invokes InputStream, and for writing, it uses OutputStream objects.

Code Examples:

Byte Streams

Java byte stream is one the most common approaches for Input and Output operations. This method converts information in the form of 8-bit bytes packages and then transfer them to the destination.

package java.examples; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; /** * * @author heapload.com */ public class byteStreamExample public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException FileInputStream input = null; FileOutputStream output = null; try input = new FileInputStream("a.txt"); output = new FileOutputStream("b.txt"); int counter; while ((counter = input.read()) != -1) output.write(counter); finally if (input != null) input.close(); if (output != null) output.close();

java-byte-stream

Procedure:

Create a new class and name it as byteStreamExample.java

Make two objects for FileInputStream and FileOutputStream with file name.

Iterate the FileInputStream object until it returns -1 as end of file.

Write all the stream information into FileOutputStream object.

Finally, close both the streaming objects.

Character Streams

Java character stream supports 16-bit (twice than byte streams) Unicode streams. This method converts information in the form of 16-bit Unicode packages and then transfer them to the destination. Like java byte streams, it has FileReader and FileWriter classes for IO purpose.

java-byte-stream-and-character-stream-comparision

import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.FileWriter; import java.io.IOException; /** * * @author heapload.com */ public class characterStreamExample public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException FileReader in = null; FileWriter out = null; try in = new FileReader("a.txt"); out = new FileWriter("b.txt"); int counter; while ((counter = in.read()) != -1) out.write(counter); // 16-bit unicode stream (twice than byte stream) finally if (in != null) in.close(); if (out != null) out.close();

java-character-stream

Procedure:

Create a new class and name it as characterStreamExample.java

Make two objects for FileReader and FileWriter with file name.

Iterate the FileReader object until it returns -1 as end of file.

Write all the stream information into FileWriter object.

Finally, close both the streaming objects.

Read Complete File Once

If the file is small, then you can also avoid iterating InputStream object with this simple approach.

import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; /** * * @author heapload.com */ public class readFileOnce public static void main(String args[]) try File file = new File("a.txt"); FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file); byte[] data = new byte[(int) file.length()]; fis.read(data); fis.close(); String str = new String(data, "UTF-8"); catch (Exception ex) System.out.println("Error In File Reading" + ex.toString());

java-read-file-once

Procedure:

Create a new class and name it as readFileOnce.java

Make two objects for File and FileInputStream.

Make a byte array with the size of the source file.

Write all the stream information once into FileInputStream object.

Finally, close FileInputStream object.

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Java Classes, Objects, Methods & Variables

Java Classes, Objects, Methods & Variables

Java Objects, Classes, Methods & Variables Java Objects, Classes, Methods & Variables Java Classes: Java classes represent properties and behaviors of any concept. It is a blue print used to define attributes and abilities of particular entity. For example, we want to define a car as a java class. We need to find out its functionality and components first. A car has wheels, breaks, accelerator,…

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Java Classes, Objects, Methods & Variables

Java Objects, Classes, Methods & Variables

Java Objects, Classes, Methods & Variables

Java Classes:

Java classes represent properties and behaviors of any concept. It is a blue print used to define attributes and abilities of particular entity. For example, we want to define a car as a java class. We need to find out its functionality and components first. A car has wheels, breaks, accelerator, fuel, engine etc. All these can be the attributes of a car. A car can move forward, backward, right & left etc. these are the basic functionalities/methods for a car.

Java Objects:

Java objects define a variable of a particular java class. Like a class, Java objects have states and behaviors. For example, we have a Mazda RX8 Sports Car and we want to code it. Before that, we need to define a class which has all the specs, then make a variable of that class and name it as Mazda Rx8 which is treated as an object of class car.

java-object-class-methods-and-variables

package javaexamples; /** * * @author Ahsan([email protected]) */ public class Car // Car is a class that represents basic structure of actual car. String model; // data attributes for a car. String type; int breaks, accelator, clutch; public void left() // methods that represents car's behaviour. public void right() public void move() public void stop() public static void main(String[] args) Car mazdaRX8 = new Car(); // mazdaRX8 is an object of class Car

Java Methods:

Java Methods are the blue prints that hide all the implementations of any operation. We just need to call them with respective parameters, it will compute and return the required result. The main purpose of Java methods is to avoid coupling and code redundancy. It keeps source code concrete and easy to maintain. For example, we want calculate sum, difference, product and division of two numbers. One way is to write code that has two operands along with respective operators to compute results. But what if we want to do it several times. Notice you have used sample approach with different inputs. To tackle this, make a function and move all the statements in it, now you can call it as many times you want to.

package javaexamples; public class caculator public static int add(int op1, int op2) int result = op1 + op2; return result; public static int minus(int op1, int op2) int result = op1 - op2; return result; public static int product(int op1, int op2) int result = op1 * op2; return result; public static int divide(int op1, int op2) int result = (op2 > 0) ? op1 / op2 : 0; return result; public static void main(String[] args) // TODO code application logic here int op1 = 2, op2 = 3; System.out.println("Add :" + add(op1,op2)); System.out.println("Minus :" + minus(op1,op2)); System.out.println("Product :" + product(op1,op2)); System.out.println("Divide :" + divide(op1,op2));

Java Variables:

Java variables are used to store some information that java programs use to compute results. They basically represent memory blocks with relative values. Java has some per-defined variable types like int, float, double, String, etc. but we can make variables of custom classes that stores information in specific manner like in car’s example.

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Java Code Examples:

Java Examples Java Code Examples: Programming in Java has various sections like methods, objects, variables, classes etc all covered in the following examples. If you want to go through some basic Java concepts, please visit Introduction to Java Programming and JVM,JRE & JDK posts. Note: All these examples are developed using NetBeans IDE. It’s really easy if you want to use any other like…

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Java Code Examples:

Java Examples

Java Code Examples:

Programming in Java has various sections like methods, objects, variables, classes etc all covered in the following examples. If you want to go through some basic Java concepts, please visit Introduction to Java Programming and JVM,JRE & JDK posts.

Note: All these examples are developed using NetBeans IDE. It’s really easy if you want to use any other like eclipse IDE. Just copy paste all these examples and you’re good to go.

Let’s start coding:

Hello World In Java:

package javaexamples; /** * * @author Ahsan([email protected]) */ public class JavaExamples /** * @param args the command line arguments */ public static void main(String[] args) // TODO code application logic here System.out.println("Hello World :)");

Procedure:

• Create a new project by clicking File -> New Project -> Java Application • Select project name as javaexamples and click finish • Pre-defined code template will appear with a main function • Type System.out.println(“Hello World :)”); inside main function • Finally, right click and select Run File. You first Java code is ready

hello-world

Calculator in Java:

public class caculator public static int add(int op1, int op2) int result = op1 + op2; return result; public static int minus(int op1, int op2) int result = op1 - op2; return result; public static int product(int op1, int op2) int result = op1 * op2; return result; public static int divide(int op1, int op2) int result = (op2 > 0) ? op1 / op2 : 0; return result; public static void main(String[] args) // TODO code application logic here int op1 = 2, op2 = 3; System.out.println("Add :" + add(op1,op2)); System.out.println("Minus :" + minus(op1,op2)); System.out.println("Product :" + product(op1,op2)); System.out.println("Divide :" + divide(op1,op2));

Procedure:

• Add new class into current project and name it as calculator.java • Write four functions for sum, minus, product and division. • Call all these functions in the main class and test the output • There is a conditional statement in the divide method, it ensures that the second operand should be greater than zero, otherwise the output will be undefined.

java-calculator

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Introduction to Java Programming

Introduction to Java Programming

Introduction to Java Programming Introduction to Java Programming Java is one of the most popular programming languages professionals use today. Java was introduced with the intention to write code once and execute it on multiple platforms. Development in Java requires programming understanding, Java environment(JRE & JDK), Java IDE and Java virtual machine(JVM). Why only Java: Platform…

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Introduction to Java Programming

Introduction to Java Programming

Introduction to Java Programming

Java is one of the most popular programming languages professionals use today. Java was introduced with the intention to write code once and execute it on multiple platforms.

Development in Java requires programming understanding, Java environment(JRE & JDK), Java IDE and Java virtual machine(JVM).

Why only Java:

Platform independent:

Java applications are executed on Java virtual machine giving an illusion that the application is actually running on operating system. Operating system treats JVM as a process and assign resources accordingly. Due to this security feature, Java sometimes also known as “managed programming language“.

JVM for each platform has different implementations, but works exactly the same. This makes Java programs highly portable.

Introduction to Java Programming

Garbage Collector:

JVM also manages resource allocation and de-allocation automatically. Java applications are closely monitored and if there is any resource that is not necessary, the garbage collector automatically deletes it.

Object-orientated programming language:

Java takes everything as objects, except the primitive data types. Java supports better software design, different way of thinking about software, allow domain experts to participate in software design phase, easier to extend and much more.

Advance Features:

Java is enriched with many advance features like frameworks, faster development cycle since linking is not required, avoids memory leaks (failing to free memory that will no longer be used), Web-based applications, common interface to applications/data inside and outside company, Distributed Applications, Networking supports TCP and UDP sockets that can access remote data using a variety of protocols, multi-threading etc.

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JVM,JRE & JDK

JVM,JRE & JDK   Java Virtual Machine (JVM) The Java virtual machine (JVM) is a tool that must be installed in order to run Java applications. JVM is a software implementation of a computer that executes programs like a real machine. This tool plays vital role in making Java a platform independent programming language. The Java virtual machine is written specifically for a specific operating…

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JVM,JRE & JDK

JVM,JRE & JDK

  Java Virtual Machine (JVM)

The Java virtual machine (JVM) is a tool that must be installed in order to run Java applications. JVM is a software implementation of a computer that executes programs like a real machine. This tool plays vital role in making Java a platform independent programming language.

The Java virtual machine is written specifically for a specific operating system, but works same across different platforms; JVM for Linux, Windows and Mac have different implementations, but they provide same functionality.

JVM, JRE & JDK

Java Runtime Environment vs. Java Development Kit

Java environment has two distribution packages, the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) and the Java Development Kit (JDK).

The JRE is a collection of JVM and the Java class libraries. It contains all the essential components to execute Java programs and applications.

The JDK additionally contains the development tools necessary to build Java applications. The JDK includes Java compiler, the Java virtual machine and the Java class libraries.

Java Code Compilation

Programmers write Java source code using Integrated Developments Environments (IDE). An IDE speeds up the development process by performing several tasks in parallel like importing libraries, code-formating, code debugging, prominent important keywords, etc. IDE also used to compile Java source code into byte-code instructions stored in .class file extension. This class file can be executed in any platform that supports JVM environment.

JVM, JRE & JDK

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Can Machines Beat Human Brain

Can Machines Beat Human Brain

Humans are the most advance and intelligent species known in the entire universe. Humans have emotions, feelings, courage controlled by the brain. A human brain is the most precious thing in this universe. The question arises, can machines take over humans? It is difficult to comment anything, as it is future-based. Neurons Machines are just robots that are programmed to do different things. They…

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Can Machines Beat Human Brain

Humans are the most advance and intelligent species known in the entire universe. Humans have emotions, feelings, courage controlled by the brain. A human brain is the most precious thing in this universe. The question arises, can machines take over humans?

It is difficult to comment anything, as it is future-based.

Neurons

Machines are just robots that are programmed to do different things. They are not autonomous.

Computer scientists and researchers had built many algorithms inspired of human brain. Neural networks and Genetic algorithm are the most famous approaches used to train a machine. It works exactly the same as a human brain, from the childhood, it used to learn and observe things, based on that it tries to guess and apply the best possible approach to tackle any situation even unseen.

Machine VS Brain

So the question is can machines take over human brain. Before that, we need to find out how much we had understood a human brain.

Do we know how it stores memory?

Are we familiar with how it handles emotions?

How it deduces result and patterns based on human memory and present situations. 

So the bottom line is machines can think like humans, but we need to understand a human brain first. We don’t know when it is going to happen but after that, we will face serious consequences.

Machine and Human Brain

  Human brain is a powerful thing, but it works with the human body. If you are tired, you will stop working and relax. That’s fine, we all need rest, it helps to regain all the strength and get ready for the next day. This is not the case with machines. They can work without any rest, until and unless if anything goes wrong.

Human Brain and Machine

  So we need to define limitations and constraints for sake of humankind survival. If a machine starts thinking, it will access Internet and try to learn. Trillions of data is available over the Internet, we cannot judge how much time it will take to process all, but when it’s done, no one can beat it.

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Essential Tools For Windows

Essential Tools For Windows

Microsoft Windows is the most popular operating system used world wide. This is because it has convenient layout styles, user friendly and it’s for everyone. Microsoft Windows has some default limited applications. We need to install 3rd party applications for particular work we need. Here are some of the essential tools for windows you need to install: VLC Player VLC player is one of the best…

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Essential Tools For Windows

Microsoft Windows is the most popular operating system used world wide. This is because it has convenient layout styles, user friendly and it’s for everyone. Microsoft Windows has some default limited applications. We need to install 3rd party applications for particular work we need.

Here are some of the essential tools for windows you need to install:

VLC Player

VLC player is one of the best video and music player that supports many encoding formats. This player is popular with its extra sound quality feature; you can increase volume up to 200 percent. Either you are playing 4K videos, VLC player will give you best experience.

vlc media player

Microsoft Office

Microsoft office is the most popular product we use for commercial and personal use. Office comes with a collection of different tools:

Power Point, that gives best experience for presentations.

Word, a powerful document builder with fancy templates, color schemes and editing features.

Excel, used for generating financial statements, calculations and maintaining all financial data in one place.

Outlook, an email client that logs all emails data, contact details, with powerful word editor embedded.

Microsoft Office

Photoscape

Photoscape is a light weight free photo editing tool. We can easily apply different filters to image, apply borders, crop images, combine images, add text to images and image compression etc.

PhotoScape

Picasa

Picasa is a Google product for viewing photos. It comes with a fancy image zoom in feature. It allows to auto sync photos to Google drive and Google photos. You can directly set background images.

Picasa

Web Browser, Download Manager, Torrent Client

Google Chrome and Firefox are the most popular web browsers we use today. They have many advance features, layout customization, give secure browsing and have huge community support that provides many productive extensions. Use Internet Download Manager and Bit-torrent for downloading large torrent files.

Google Chrome and Firefox

PDF Reader

Foxit Reader and Adobe Reader are the most common applications for PDF files. There are many handy features like copy content, bookmark pages, make short notes and many more.

Adobe Reader

WinRAR

WinRAR and WinZip are used to compress files, protect files with password etc. These tools are mostly used to protect files from viruses. You can easily compress many files into a simple file and then share it.

winrar

CCleaner

This software is a collection of all the tools that will clean your PC. You can erase everything related to web browser(history, cached web pages, cookies and even saved credentials), registry files, desktop shortcuts, missing directories and much more. Another advance feature is you can wipe space easily. You need to install CCleaner and clean system at regular basis.

CCleaner

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Limited Bluetooth Access in IOS Devices

Limited Bluetooth Access in IOS Devices

Modern smart phone devices support NFC, Bluetooth and other features that can be used for file sharing. IOS devices also supports Bluetooth, but will different implementation. Here’s a list of main IOS Bluetooth features: File Sharing Although we can transfer files with any device that has Bluetooth technology, but IOS devices are different. You can only transfer media between IOS devices only.…

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Limited Bluetooth Access in IOS Devices

Modern smart phone devices support NFC, Bluetooth and other features that can be used for file sharing. IOS devices also supports Bluetooth, but will different implementation.

Here’s a list of main IOS Bluetooth features:

File Sharing

Although we can transfer files with any device that has Bluetooth technology, but IOS devices are different. You can only transfer media between IOS devices only. There are some third party applications like shake2U and Bluetooth-U that support file transfer. According to Apple, this restricted usage makes IOS devices simple and secure.

Share Media With IOS Bluetooth

Selfie Stick

Selfies are considered as one of the most important feature in any smart device now a days. IOS devices take little time to connect with selfie sticks. While Android devices are very handy in this regard.

IOS Selfie Stick

Handset, iwatch

We can use Bluetooth connectivity to enjoy music with external speakers, receive calls with the help of Bluetooth handset and external keyboard for IOS device inputs. Apple iwatch also needs Bluetooth pairing to connect with iPhone. Since iwatch does not have wifi feature, it uses the wifi in the iPhone.

  Iwatch with IPhone

Although we cannot use IOS Bluetooth protocol openly, but there are many ways to transfer files.

Google Drive, Drop Box, I Cloud, one Drive, Zapya file transfer app and Whatsapp are some of the popular media sharing applications.

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Tiny Cylinder In Power Cords & Cable

Tiny Cylinder In Power Cords & Cable

Have you ever wondered why there is a tiny cylinder like thing is attached with the power chords and cables? Nothing is useless, it must have something unique. Tiny Cylinder in Power Cords & Cable Well this small cylinder has a name “ferrite bead”. It is an electric component mainly designed to reduce high frequency noise produced in electric circuits. Since any conductive cable can act as an…

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