Unity and variety - complementary concerns lying at opposite ends of a spectrum.
In my personal understanding, they are when taking things that are very different from each other rather opposite and you create a work that causes that thing to come together to seem as if they were one yet undeniably different.
Applying that to the real world you often see that in organizations a group of people individuals drastically different yet still coming together to create a project or take on an assignment that in turn blends these talents and differences together.
Balance- achievement of equilibrium, in which acting influences are held in check by opposing forces.
To me, it seems as if balance is almost a synonym for unity its an agreement of sorts with each tool of art. No side is greater than the other.
Applying this to the real world you can see it in food such as diets too much or too little of something can cause harm. Same thing with relationships you need each person to give a little to balance the whole thing. In physics, we talk about equilibrium as well and how if the forces balance out it cancels out certain things causing equilibrium.
Emphasis and subordination - emphasis used to draw attention to an area. Subordination artists create neutral areas of lesser interest that keep us from being distracted.
To me, emphasis is having the highlight of the whole photo then subordination adds to that and makes everything in the background simple so it's easy for the eyes to move to what you want viewers to see.
A real-world application would be an outfit majority of the time I have a statement piece I want people to focus on like my cheetah print choose ill make everything els plain even my hair in a simple bun to the attention quickly draws to the shoes.
Directional forces- the goal of influencing the way we look at work of art through paths that encourage the eye to follow, providing actual or implied lines.
To me, it's a sidewalk for the picture its the area the artist specifically wants you to view sidewalks are the specific place the community wants you to walk is a plain paved way in areas you can openly see.
A real-world application may not only be the sidewalk but food signs they use specific colors and graphics, for instance, they are created with cool details so that in a situation your eyes go straight to it.
Repetition and rhythm - repetition regular recurrence and rhythm refers to any structure of dominant and subordinate elements in the sequence.
To me, these two are a song created with art you repeat a specific thing to create artwork over time.
A real-world application would be through stoplights its a regular reoccurrence but there's also a pattern in the colors.
Scale and proportion - scale is the size relation of one thing to another proportion is the size relationship of parts to a whole.
Honestly, scale and proportion are quite explanatory however both have to be balanced like before in order to create a functional art piece.
You can see scale and proportion everywhere like something simple as stop signs the hexagon can only be so big compared to the pole holding it up or it will look off. Or certain community signs have to be balanced on scale and proportion so that it doesn't look weirdly placed in the community.
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