How to Write IGNOU Synopsis
The synopsis is a mandatory component of many IGNOU academic programs, serving as the formal proposal for a student's final project. It plays a key role in outlining the topic, objectives, research methods, and expected outcomes. A well-written synopsis increases the chances of approval and ensures a structured start to the project phase.
This guide offers a clear and practical approach to preparing a synopsis that aligns with IGNOU’s academic standards.
Importance of the Synopsis in IGNOU Projects
Before working on the final report, IGNOU requires students to submit a synopsis for evaluation. This initial document allows academic evaluators to understand the scope and relevance of the research. It confirms whether the chosen topic fits the student’s program and whether the proposed methods are appropriate for academic research.
Approving a synopsis is not a formality. It sets the tone for the work ahead. Poorly written or vague synopses are often rejected, delaying the student's academic progress.
Selecting an Appropriate Topic
Topic selection is the first and most important step. It should be:
Relevant to your field of study
Specific enough to be manageable
Based on real-world observations or secondary data
Students in the MBA program might choose themes such as employee satisfaction, digital marketing trends, or working capital management. Those in M.Com may focus on accounting systems or GST practices in MSMEs. Choose a topic you understand well and can support with data.
Structure of the IGNOU Synopsis
IGNOU expects a defined structure in the synopsis. Each section serves a unique function. Below is the general format:
1. Title of the Project
The title should reflect the main theme of your study. Avoid vague terms. Use clear and meaningful wording that points to the purpose and scope of the project.
2. Introduction
This section sets the background. Explain the general subject area, mention the need for this study, and describe the problem it intends to address. Keep this section focused and factual. Use data or references if necessary to support the relevance of your topic.
3. Review of Literature
Briefly discuss previous studies or concepts related to your topic. This section shows that you've researched existing knowledge and identified a gap that your project aims to fill. Use this to justify why your research is important.
4. Objectives of the Study
List 3 to 5 clear objectives. Each objective should explain what you plan to achieve. For example:
To assess customer satisfaction in retail banking
To evaluate the impact of training on employee productivity
5. Research Methodology
This is the core of the synopsis. Explain:
The type of research: primary, secondary, or both
Data collection tools: questionnaire, interview, online survey
Sample size and population
Sampling method: random, convenience, etc.
How you plan to analyze the data (basic statistical tools, charts, etc.)
Avoid generic descriptions. Be clear about how the data will be gathered and used to answer your research questions.
6. Scope of the Study
Define the boundaries of your study. Mention the geographical area, target population, and the timeframe. For instance, “This study will be conducted among 50 sales executives in Delhi NCR during April–June 2025.”
7. Limitations of the Study
All research has its constraints. State them openly. These may include:
Limited sample size
Time constraints
Restricted access to certain types of data This section helps set realistic expectations for the findings.
8. Hypothesis (if applicable)
Some programs may require hypothesis-based research. A hypothesis is a statement that you aim to test through your study. For example: “Training has a positive impact on employee efficiency.” Not all projects require this, so follow your program’s guidelines.
9. References
Cite all books, articles, websites, or other sources used to prepare the synopsis. Follow a standard citation style (such as APA or MLA), and ensure each source is credible and recent.
10. Proforma and Guide’s Bio
Along with the synopsis, IGNOU requires submission of a project proposal form (Proforma) and the academic background of your guide. Your project guide must be qualified in your subject area and approved by IGNOU.
Writing Guidelines
Keep the following points in mind while writing:
Use formal academic language.
Avoid long and complex sentences.
Proofread the document thoroughly before submission.
Keep the length between 1,000 to 2,000 words, unless otherwise mentioned in your program guide.
Avoid plagiarism. Your content must be original.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Many students face rejections or delays due to preventable errors. Avoid the following:
Selecting topics not related to your specialization
Submitting incomplete synopses
Failing to include research methodology
Not having a qualified guide
Ignoring formatting and structural instructions
Always refer to the latest project handbook or guidelines from your Regional Centre or the IGNOU website.
Where to Submit
Once the synopsis is completed and signed by the guide, it must be submitted to your respective Regional Centre. Some programs have provisions for online submission. Always check the mode of submission allowed for your course.
Keep a copy of your synopsis and the signed Proforma for future reference.
Benefits of Preparing a Strong Synopsis
Preparing the synopsis serves multiple academic purposes:
Clarifies your research direction
Helps manage your timeline better
Guides your interaction with respondents
Improves the quality of the final report
Ensures alignment with IGNOU’s academic expectations
A strong synopsis reduces the chances of major revisions later and contributes to better project outcomes.