Pygmalion (1938) (Anthony Asquith/Leslie Howard)
The film I’m going to tell you about today is one of my all-time favourites. I’ve seen it many times, and I thought I’d share it with you. J
The film opens on the Covent Garden Flower Market. Some flower girls are getting ready to go out and sell flower in Piccadilly Circus. The camera follows one of them, Eliza Doolittle (Wendy Hiller), as she passes a man in a big overcoat, taking notes. The camera then fixes on the man and follows him as he walks through the flower market.
The next scene sees the man in the overcoat walking through Covent Garden at night, after the flower market has closed, as the camera catches his face we see it’s Henry Higgins (Leslie Howard in what I consider one of his all-time best performances).
He looks up at the sky, there’s lightning and thunder, and as he walks to the columns by the opera we hear that it’s started raining. Higgins passes two women waiting for someone called Freddie to try and find a taxi, something we see in the next scene that he has little luck with.
Freddie is Freddie Eynsford-Hill, a young man who later falls in love with Eliza. He’s played to rather Bertie Wooster-ish perfection by David Tree.
Freddie comes back to the two women to say he’s had no result in finding a taxi, but is promptly sent back out to try again. As he runs out he bumps into Eliza Doolittle and knocks over her basket of flowers.
Eliza seeks refuge from the rain by the columns at the opera house and tries to sell flowers to Colonel Pickering (Scott Sunderland), he gives her tuppence but leaves before she gives him his flowers. A man tells her she’d better make sure she gives Pickering his flowers, as “-There’s a bloke down there taking down every blessed word you’re saying”. Eliza panics at the thought of being arrested and thus lose her character and be driven on the street.
As it turns out, however, the man taking down what she’s saying is Henry Higgins, and all he’s interested in is the phonetic sounds of her dialect. He then goes to prove he’s a dialect expert by telling the people standing around where they hail from, based on their dialects.
One of the bystanders (named in the credits as “Sarcastic Bystander” (Ivor Barnard)) tells Higgins: “I can tell where you come from.” “Oh, can you?” “ ’enwool Hinsane Asylum.” To which Higgins drily replies: “Henwool Insane.”
Higgins and Pickering start talking and discover that they’re both huge admirers of each other’s work. Pickering is a student of Indian dialects and has written “Spoken Sanskrit”, while Higgins has written “Higgins’ Universal Alphabet”.
Higgins tells Pickering that with the proper training he could pass Eliza off as a duchess at an ambassador’s ball, something neither Eliza nor Pickering takes very seriously.
The next day, at Higgins house, Eliza arrives to ask Higgins for lessons to “…talk more genteel…”.
He takes her on, despite protests from his housekeeper, Mrs. Pearce (brilliantly played by Jean Cadell).
The first step in Eliza’s transformation is to have a proper bath. The bath scene with Eliza and Mrs. Pearce is brilliantly scored. It’s scored like a nightmare scene in a horror film which perfectly reflects how Eliza feels about having a proper bath for the first time. After Eliza’s been washed Mrs. Pearce gives Higgins some instructions in behaviour, among them not to swear in front of her, to which Higgins replies: “I never swear, what the devil do you mean?!”.
A few moments after this Eliza’s father arrives.
Doolittle is played to absolute perfection by the wonderful Wilfrid Lawson. He ostensibly shows up as the concerned father but when Higgins suggests he take her back with him: “Mrs. Pearce, this is Eliza’s father. Come to rescue her from worse than death. […] Give her to him.”, it becomes clear that he’s really come to get some money and has no interest in taking Eliza back. “What’s a five pound note to you? And what’s Eliza to me?”.
I also have to mention here the fantastic faces Higgins makes when Doolittle propels his breath at him, you can almost smell how horrible it is:
After some rigorous weeks of elocution lessons and etiquette lessons (a montage both edited and scored like a film noir/thriller) Higgins decides it’s time to try Eliza out on someone and decides on his mother (a very sweet Marie Lohr).
As he arrives at her house she's just welcoming guests for lucheon and it ends up being not only her but a whole little party, among whom we find Mrs. Eynsford-Hill and her children Clara and Freddie. Freddie instantly falls for Eliza, very likely because she’s such a breath of fresh air.
This scene is such a great example of it not only being *how* you say things that matter it’s also *what* you’re saying. As Eliza’s taking her leave Freddie asks her if she’s walking through the park, and she replies: “Walk? Not bloody likely. I’m going in a taxi”, with perfect pronunciation and in a most polite voice.
Now the really rigorous training sets in. Higgins has been invited to a ball at the Transylvanian embassy and is determined to pass Eliza off as a duchess at the ball. She’s now being drilled in etiquette, dancing, etc. etc.
As the big day arrives they enter the embassy and Higgins runs into one of his former students, Aristide Karpathy (Esme Percy in a role written specifically for this movie by G.B. Shaw. Karpathy is based on the producer of the film, Gabriel Pasqual), he claims no one can hide their true origins from him, and, after being introduced to Eliza, announces that she’s a fraud.
I won’t give away the rest of the film, it’s one of my all-time favourites and I really urge you to see it! All the characters in this film is perfectly cast, from Eliza and Higgins down to the smallest roles, like the “Sarcastic Bystander” played by Ivor Barnard.
To end with I’d like to say a few other things about the film:
It was co-directed by Anthony Asquith and Leslie Howard, and the screenplay was written by George Bernard Shaw himself.
Shaw hand-picked Wendy Hiller to play Eliza.
The scene in which Eliza swallows one of the marbles she’s got in her mouth as a training tool was actually taken from real life. During one of the rehersals Wendy Hiller suddenly looked horrified and said: “Leslie, I’ve swallowed one!” to which he replied: “Don’t worry, there’s plenty more.”. The reaction from the people on the set was so great, they decided to put it in the film.
Hope you enjoy the film as much as I’ve done.
Here’s a link to the film on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JsntTkKg7dc