Janitri Innovations Pvt Ltd

[janitriblogs]

When Should You Start Monitoring Your Baby in Pregnancy? Trimester Guide

Pregnancy brings a lot of small doubts, and one question many mothers quietly think about is this: Am I monitoring my baby enough? And when should I actually start?

The answer is not just one moment. Monitoring your baby in pregnancy starts early, but it builds gradually. In the beginning, your doctor handles most of it. As your pregnancy progresses, you slowly become more aware and involved.

If you understand what to expect in each trimester, things start to feel much clearer and less stressful.

What Does Baby Monitoring in Pregnancy Mean?

In simple terms, fetal monitoring means keeping track of your baby’s growth, heart rate, and overall well-being.

In the early stage, this is done through scans and tests. Later, it also includes noticing your baby’s movements and activity patterns. Over time, it becomes a mix of medical care and your own awareness.

When Should You Start Monitoring Your Baby?

Monitoring begins as soon as your pregnancy is confirmed. However, in the early weeks, it is mostly handled by your doctor through basic tests.

As you move into the second trimester, you start noticing baby movements. By the third trimester, pregnancy monitoring becomes more active, with regular tracking and sometimes additional tests like NST.

Trimester-Wise Monitoring Overview

Before going deeper, this table gives you a simple view of how monitoring changes across pregnancy. It helps you understand how your involvement increases while your doctor continues guiding you.

Trimester

Monitoring Type

Your Role

Doctor’s Role

First Trimester

Basic medical checks

Minimal

Scans, blood tests

Second Trimester

Growth + movement tracking

Moderate

Anomaly scan, checkups

Third Trimester

Active monitoring

High

NST, frequent tracking

First Trimester Monitoring (Week 1–12)

The first trimester is where everything begins. Even though you may not feel much apart from nausea or tiredness, a lot is happening inside your body.

During this stage, pregnancy monitoring in first trimester focuses on confirming that the pregnancy is healthy and developing in the right place. Most of the monitoring is handled by your doctor through early tests and scans.

What happens in this stage:

Confirmation scan

Blood tests

Hormone level checks

Early risk screening

Common First Trimester Tests

This table gives you a quick idea of the basic tests usually done in the first trimester and why they are important.

Test

Purpose

When It’s Done

Ultrasound scan

Confirm pregnancy & location

Around 6–8 weeks

Blood test (hCG)

Check hormone levels

Early weeks

Blood group & Rh factor

Identify compatibility risks

First visit

Hemoglobin test

Check for anaemia

Early weeks

Thyroid test

Check hormone balance

As advised

At this point, you won’t feel your baby’s movement yet, so it’s normal to feel a bit unsure. These tests help give reassurance that everything is progressing as expected.

In simple terms, the first trimester is about building a healthy foundation for the rest of your pregnancy.

Second Trimester Monitoring (Week 13–26)

The second trimester is often when things start to feel a little easier. Many mothers notice that nausea reduces, energy levels improve, and most importantly, you may begin to feel your baby move.

This is also the stage where pregnancy monitoring in the second trimester becomes a mix of medical checkups and your own awareness. You’re no longer just relying on reports; you start noticing your baby’s activity yourself.

What to focus on:

Anomaly scan to check the baby’s development

Regular prenatal checkups

Tracking baby movements (usually after 18–20 weeks)

Monitoring weight gain and overall health

Second Trimester Monitoring Overview

This table helps you understand the key checks during this stage and why they matter.

Monitoring Type

Purpose

When It’s Done

Anomaly Scan

Check baby’s organs and growth

18–22 weeks

Routine Checkups

Monitor mother & baby health

Monthly

Blood Tests

Check sugar levels, anemia

As advised

Movement Awareness

Feel and track baby kicks

After 18–20 weeks

One of the most important changes in this stage is fetal movement tracking in pregnancy. At first, the movements may feel light or irregular, but over time, you’ll start noticing a pattern.

This stage helps you feel more connected. Instead of just seeing reports, you begin to feel your baby’s presence, which brings both reassurance and confidence.

In simple terms, the second trimester is about growth, awareness, and building that connection with your baby.

Third Trimester Monitoring (Week 27–Birth)

The third trimester is when everything starts to feel more real and a little more intense. Your baby is growing quickly, your body is preparing for delivery, and monitoring becomes much more important than before.

At this stage, pregnancy monitoring in third trimester is not just about routine checkups. It becomes more regular, more detailed, and more focused on ensuring your baby’s safety and readiness for birth.

You also become more involved now, especially by tracking your baby’s movements daily.

What to focus on:

More frequent doctor visits

Daily tracking of baby movements

Monitoring baby’s position and growth

Tests like NST (Non-Stress Test) if advised

Third Trimester Monitoring Checklist

This table gives you a clear idea of what needs attention in the final stage and why each step matters.

Monitoring Activity

Frequency

Why It Matters

Baby movement tracking

Daily

Helps detect reduced activity early

Doctor visits

Every 2–4 weeks

Monitor growth and maternal health

Ultrasound scans

As advised

Check baby position and fluid levels

NST (Non-Stress Test)

When recommended

Monitor fetal heart rate and response

One of the most important things in this stage is fetal movement tracking in pregnancy. By now, you will start noticing a pattern in your baby’s movements. If there is any sudden change or reduction, it should not be ignored.

In some cases, doctors may recommend an NST, which checks your baby’s heart rate and how it responds to movement. This is a key part of fetal heart rate monitoring in the later stage of pregnancy.

In simple terms, the third trimester is about close monitoring, awareness, and preparation. It’s the stage where small observations from your side can make a big difference.

Monitoring Your Baby at Home (Keyar DT & Keyar Echo)

By the third trimester, one common concern many mothers have is this: “What if I can’t monitor my baby as often as needed?”

Frequent hospital visits can feel tiring, especially in the later weeks. That’s where home fetal monitoring starts to make a real difference. It gives you a way to stay connected with your baby’s wellbeing without adding extra stress.

Keyar DT – NST Monitoring at Home

If your doctor has advised regular monitoring, Keyar DT makes it possible to do an NST at home in a simple and safe way.

It helps you:

Track your baby’s heart rate and movements

Do frequent checks without repeated hospital visits

Share reports easily with your doctor

This is especially helpful in the third trimester or in high-risk pregnancies, where regular monitoring is important but hospital visits can feel overwhelming.

Keyar Echo – Fetal Doppler for Daily Reassurance

There are also days when you just want to feel reassured in between doctor visits. That’s where Keyar Echo comes in.

It is a fetal doppler device that lets you:

Listen to your baby’s heartbeat from home

Feel more connected to your baby

Reduce anxiety during quiet or uncertain moments

It’s not about replacing doctor visits, but about giving you small moments of reassurance when you need them most.

Why More Mothers Are Choosing Home Monitoring

This table helps you understand why many mothers are now choosing home-based monitoring options.

Feature

Home Monitoring (Keyar DT / Echo)

Hospital Monitoring

Convenience

Very high

Limited

Monitoring frequency

Flexible, as needed

Fixed appointments

Comfort

At home, stress-free

Travel & waiting time

Peace of mind

Immediate reassurance

Delayed between visits

Stay Reassured Throughout Your Pregnancy

Pregnancy can feel uncertain at times, especially when you’re waiting between doctor visits and wondering if everything is okay.

If you’ve ever felt that need for just a little more reassurance, you’re not alone.

With solutions like Keyar DT (NST at home) and Keyar Echo (fetal doppler), you can monitor your baby’s wellbeing more easily from the comfort of your home. Whether it’s regular heart rate tracking or simply listening to your baby’s heartbeat, these tools help you stay connected without added stress.

Because Peace of Mind Matters

You don’t need to do everything perfectly. But having the right support at the right time can make your journey a lot easier.

And sometimes, just knowing your baby is doing well makes all the difference

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. When should I start monitoring my baby during pregnancy?

Monitoring begins as soon as pregnancy is confirmed through doctor visits and tests. From the second trimester, you can start noticing baby movements, and by the third trimester, regular tracking and tests like NST may be recommended.

2. What is an NST test in pregnancy and when is it needed?

An NST (Non-Stress Test) checks your baby’s heart rate and how it responds to movement. It is usually recommended in the third trimester or in high-risk pregnancies to ensure your baby is doing well.

3. Is it safe to monitor my baby at home?

Yes, home monitoring can be safe when done correctly and under medical guidance. Tools like fetal dopplers or home NST devices can provide reassurance, but they should always be used along with regular doctor checkups, not as a replacement.

[janitriblogs]

Viral Fever in Kids: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & When to Worry

When your child suddenly develops a fever, it can leave you really worried, tired, kinda unsure of what to do next. A viral fever in kids is, honestly, one of the most common reasons parents look for medical advice, especially when seasons shift and schools have outbreaks. The fever might show up along with cough, weakness, body aches, or just a simple refusal to eat, so the child feels clingy and parents get nervous fast

What makes it even more stressful is not knowing if the fever is “nothing big” or maybe a signal of something more serious. A lot of parents end up stuck trying to figure out, okay, is home care enough, or when should we actually go see a doctor

If you understand the symptoms, typical causes, the possible treatment options, and the key warning signs of viral fever, you can support your child with more calm and avoid unnecessary panic.

What Is Viral Fever in Kids?

Viral fever in kids is a common illness caused by viral infections that affect the body’s immune system. It can lead to symptoms like tiredness, irritability, seasonal changes,  poor appetite, and a high fever in kids. Many parents wonder what the symptoms of viral fever are, especially when viral fever symptoms in children appear without cough and cold. In some cases, viral fever in babies and fever in toddlers may only show as Irritability or reduced feeding.

The difference between viral and bacterial fever is important because antibiotics do not work for viral infections. Viral fever usually spreads through cough droplets, touching contaminated surfaces, or close contact, especially during viral fever during monsoon season. Yes, viral fever can spread from person to person very easily among children.

Most cases improve with rest, fluids. However, parents should know when to see a doctor for viral fever if symptoms worsen or the viral fever temperature range stays high for several days.

Common Symptoms of Viral Fever in Kids

Viral fever symptoms in children can vary from mild discomfort to high fever in kids with weakness and irritability. Common signs include fever in children, runny nose, cough, sore throat, body pain, fatigue, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rash, and loss of appetite. Viral fever in babies and fever in toddlers may also cause excessive crying, sleepiness, or poor feeding. Some children may even develop viral fever without cough and cold, making it harder for parents to identify early.

Many parents ask, what are the symptoms of viral fever and how long does viral fever last. In most cases, symptoms improve within 3–5 days with proper rest, hydration, and viral fever treatment for kids.

Mild Symptoms

Severe Symptoms

Low-grade fever

Viral fever temperature range above 103°F

Runny nose

Difficulty breathing

Tiredness

Persistent vomiting

Mild body pain

Extreme sleepiness

Parents should know when to see a doctor for viral fever if symptoms worsen or dehydration develops.

What Causes Viral Fever in Children?

Common Causes of Viral Fever in Kids

Influenza virus – Leads to fever, chills, cough, and fatigue

Common cold virus – Causes mild fever, sneezing, and runny nose

Adenovirus – Results in fever, sore throat infection, and gastric problems

RSV – Common in viral fever in babies and toddlers

COVID-19 virus – Causes fever in child with fatigue and body ache

Seasonal viruses – More common during monsoon season viral fever in kids

Children often contract viral infections in kids via school, daycare, shared toys, etc. As it is a contagious disease, proper hygiene and hydration of kids is recommended. Children often recover within a few days with treatment in kids.

How Long Does Viral Fever Last in Kids?

Common Fever Pattern

Day 1–2: High fever, weakness, irritability

Day 3–4: Fever begins to reduce

Day 5–7: Child slowly recovers

Many parents notice fever increases at night because the body’s immune response becomes more active in the evening.

Proper fluids, rest, and viral fever treatment for kids help recovery. Parents should know when to see a doctor for viral fever if the fever in a child lasts more than 5 days, crosses the viral fever temperature range of 103°F, or causes breathing trouble or dehydration.

Viral Fever Temperature Chart for Children

The  fever temperature range can help parents know when a fever in a child is manageable at home and when medical care is needed. Viral fever in kids often causes mild to high fever in kids along with tiredness, cough, or body pain.

Temperature Range

Meaning

97°F–99°F

Normal temperature

100°F–100.9°F

Low-grade fever

101°F–102.9°F

Moderate fever

Above 103°F

Dangerous fever level

Age-Wise Warning Signs

Below 3 months: Any fever needs immediate medical attention

3 months–3 years: Persistent fever or poor feeding should be checked

Older children: Seek help if fever lasts more than 5 days or breathing difficulty develops

Viral fever symptoms in children may worsen during the monsoon season. Parents should know when to see a doctor for viral fever, especially viral fever in babies and fever in toddlers. Proper hydration and treatment for kids can support faster recovery.

How to Treat Viral Fever in Kids at Home

Viral fever in kids is mostly self-limiting and can be treated effectively without any serious risks. Fever due to viral infections among kids including body pain, weakness, fever, and reduced appetite will go away in a couple of days' time.

Home Care Tips for a Quick Recovery

Hydrate your kid well using water, soups, ORS, and breast milk in viral fever in babies

Rest and have enough sleep will boost up your kid's body's defense system against viruses

Give sponge bath to your child using lukewarm water to bring down the temperature of child

Wear light clothes in viral fever to avoid body overheating

If your child catches cough during viral fever during monsoon, consider installing a humidifier at home

Parents usually ask how to get rid of fever quickly. The best cure for viral fever in kids is fluids, nutritious food, and rest. But you must know when to consult a doctor for viral fever when there is a persistent viral fever in kids or breathing problems.

Best Foods for Kids During Viral Fever

Good nutrition and hydration can help children recover faster from viral fever in kids. During viral fever symptoms in children, light and easy-to-digest foods are the best choice.

Recommended Foods

Benefits

Water, ORS, coconut water

Prevent dehydration and restore electrolytes

Soups and khichdi

Easy to digest and comforting

Vitamin C-rich fruits

Support immunity and recovery

Porridge, curd rice, boiled vegetables

Gentle on the stomach

Foods to Avoid

Why Avoid Them

Oily and fried foods

Hard to digest

Sugary drinks

Can worsen dehydration

Junk food

Low nutritional value

Healthy meals, proper fluids, and rest are important parts of viral fever treatment for kids, especially in toddlers and babies.

Febrile Seizures in Children

Febrile seizures are sudden shaking or jerking movements that can happen in some children during high fever in kids. They are most common in children between 6 months and 5 years of age and are usually triggered by a rapid rise in body temperature during viral fever in kids.

What Parents Should Know

Details

What are febrile seizures?

Short seizures linked to fever in child

Why do they happen?

Rapid increase in fever due to viral infection in kids

Common signs

Stiff body, shaking, rolling eyes, temporary unconsciousness

What parents should do

Stay calm, place the child on their side, loosen clothing

Avoid

Do not force food, water, or medicines during the seizure

When Emergency Care Is Needed

Seek immediate medical help if:

The seizure lasts more than 5 minutes

Breathing difficulty develops

The child does not wake up properly afterwards

Viral fever symptoms in children continue worsening

Most febrile seizures are harmless, but medical evaluation is important.

How to Monitor Your Child’s Fever Correctly

Wearable Continuous Temperature Monitor for Babies is important during viral fever in kids, especially when symptoms like high fever in kids, body pain, or tiredness appear. Using the right thermometer helps parents track the viral fever temperature range and identify warning signs early.

Thermometer Type

Best For

Forehead thermometer

Quick and non-invasive checks

Oral thermometer

Older children who can hold it properly

Ear thermometer

Fast readings in toddlers and older kids

Smart thermometer

Continuous monitoring and fever tracking

Parents should check the temperature every 4–6 hours or more frequently if the fever in the child becomes high or the child appears uncomfortable. One common mistake is checking temperature immediately after bathing, eating, or heavy blankets, which can affect accuracy. Smart fever monitoring devices like Navam TempLive allow parents to monitor temperature continuously and identify sudden fever spikes early, especially during the night. This can be particularly useful for babies and toddlers, where fever levels may change rapidly. Continuous tracking also provides a clearer fever history for doctors and reduces the need for repeated manual temperature checks while the child is resting. Final Takeaway

The incidence of viral fever among kids is very common, and in most instances, it takes only a few days to recover from the disease. The symptoms of viral fever among children may include high fever, fatigue, cough, body pain, or others. However, parents should monitor their child carefully, as proper care and timely attention can help the child recover faster.

Parents must be observant and look out for any of these symptoms as listed: difficulty in breathing, dehydration, consistent vomiting or having fever beyond 5 days. Viral fever babies and viral fever infants need extra attention as early treatment will help them recover faster.

When you are wondering when to visit a doctor for viral fever, do not hesitate because your intuition will lead you the right way.

[janitriblogs]

Pregnancy Warning Signs You Should Never Ignore and when to Act

There are moments in pregnancy that don’t feel dramatic but stay with you. A slight pain that wasn’t there before. A day when the baby feels quieter. A headache that won’t go away.

You might wonder: Is this normal… or something I shouldn’t ignore? Understanding pregnancy warning signs isn’t about creating fear; it’s about creating awareness. Because while many symptoms are a natural part of pregnancy, some are signals that your body needs attention.

For expecting mothers and their partners, recognizing these pregnancy warning signs can make all the difference. It helps you act early, seek timely care, and most importantly, feel more in control during a time that can often feel uncertain.

This guide will walk you through the most important pregnancy warning signs, trimester by trimester, so you know what’s normal and what deserves a closer look.

What Are Pregnancy Warning Signs and Why They Matter

Pregnancy brings many changes, some expected, some confusing. Mild discomforts like nausea, fatigue, or body aches are usually part of the journey. But certain symptoms fall under pregnancy warning signs, meaning they could indicate a potential risk to the mother or baby.

These pregnancy warning signs are not meant to alarm you but to guide you.

They are your body’s way of signaling that something may need medical attention. Sometimes, the difference between a normal symptom and a concerning one lies in:

Intensity (how severe it feels)

Duration (how long it lasts)

Change (something suddenly feels different)

For example, a mild headache may be normal, but a severe, persistent headache with blurred vision becomes one of the important pregnancy warning signs.

Similarly, feeling your baby move throughout the day is reassuring, but a noticeable decrease in movement is also among the most critical pregnancy warning signs that should never be ignored.

Understanding these pregnancy warning signs helps you:

Avoid unnecessary panic over normal symptoms

Recognize early signs of complications

Seek timely care when it truly matters

Because in pregnancy, awareness doesn’t create fear; it creates confidence.

Early Pregnancy Warning Signs You Should Not Ignore

In the early phase of pregnancy, your body is adjusting rapidly, hormones are changing, the uterus is adapting, and new sensations can appear almost every day.

While many of these changes are completely normal, some symptoms fall under pregnancy warning signs that should not be ignored. The challenge is that early symptoms can feel mild or confusing, making it easy to dismiss them.

Understanding these early pregnancy warning signs helps you differentiate between what is expected and what needs attention so you can act at the right time without unnecessary worry.

Symptom

What You May Feel

Why It Can Be Concerning

What You Should Do

Vaginal Bleeding

Light spotting to heavier bleeding, sometimes with clots

Could indicate miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy, especially if accompanied by pain

Monitor closely; seek immediate medical help if bleeding is heavy or persistent

Severe Abdominal Pain

Sharp, stabbing, or one-sided pain that doesn’t ease

May signal ectopic pregnancy or internal complications

Do not ignore intense pain—consult a doctor urgently

Excessive Vomiting

Frequent vomiting, inability to keep food or water down

Can lead to dehydration and nutritional imbalance

Seek care if vomiting is persistent or causes weakness/dizziness

Persistent Fever

Temperature that stays elevated beyond a short period

Could indicate infection, which may affect pregnancy if untreated

Track your temperature and consult your doctor promptly

Extreme Weakness or Dizziness

Feeling faint, lightheaded, or unusually exhausted

May be linked to dehydration, low blood pressure, or internal concerns

Rest and hydrate; if symptoms continue, seek medical advice

How to Identify Serious Pregnancy Warning Signs

Not every symptom listed above will lead to complications, but when they:

Feel stronger than expected

Last longer than usual

Or feel different from what you’ve experienced before

They may fall under important pregnancy warning signs that deserve attention.

Pregnancy Warning Signs That Need Immediate Medical Attention

Early pregnancy often comes with uncertainty. It’s easy to question yourself or wait for symptoms to pass.

But many mothers later say they felt something was unusual before it became serious.

Recognizing these early warning signs is not about reacting with fear; it’s about responding with awareness, so both you and your baby stay safe from the very beginning.

When to Call Your Doctor for Pregnancy Warning Signs

Sometimes, waiting “to see if it passes” can delay care. These pregnancy warning signs require immediate attention:

Symptom

What You Should Do

Heavy bleeding

Go to hospital immediately

No baby movement

Contact doctor within hours

Severe headache + vision issues

Seek urgent care

High fever

Consult doctor same day

Sudden swelling

Get checked immediately

If something feels different or worrying, it’s always okay to reach out. Acting on pregnancy warning signs is never overreacting.

Common Pregnancy Symptoms That Are Often Ignored

Many couples later say, “We thought it was normal.”

“The baby was probably just sleeping…”

“Swelling happens to everyone…”

“Headaches are common in pregnancy…”

Yes, many symptoms are normal but when they feel unusual, persistent, or intense, they may fall under pregnancy warning signs.

Listening to your body is not anxiety it’s awareness.

Pregnancy Warning Signs: A Guide for Husbands and Partners

Pregnancy is not experienced alone.

Sometimes, mothers may dismiss their own discomfort. As a partner, noticing changes, less movement, visible swelling, unusual fatigue, can make a difference.

Understanding pregnancy warning signs together builds a safer, more supportive environment for both mother and baby.

Conclusion

Pregnancy is a journey of trust. Trust in your body, your baby, and the care around you.

Not every symptom is dangerous. But recognizing pregnancy warning signs ensures that when something does need attention, you don’t miss it.

With growing awareness and supportive tools like Janitri NST monitoring device becomes more reassuring, not overwhelming. It helps you and your doctor stay connected to your baby’s well-being, especially in the later stages.

Because in pregnancy, it’s not about reacting to fear. It’s about responding with knowledge.

If you want to understand your baby’s well-being more clearly in the final weeks, explore how Janitri NST supports continuous, reliable fetal monitoring.

FAQs

What are the most important pregnancy warning signs?

Heavy bleeding, reduced baby movement, severe headache, blurred vision, and high fever are key pregnancy warning signs that should never be ignored and require immediate medical attention.

Is reduced baby movement always dangerous?

Not always, but it is one of the most critical pregnancy warning signs. If movements decrease significantly, you should contact your doctor promptly for evaluation.

Are headaches normal during pregnancy?

Mild headaches can be common, but severe or persistent headaches—especially with vision issues—are pregnancy warning signs that may indicate serious conditions like preeclampsia.

When should I go to the hospital during pregnancy?

You should seek immediate care if you notice heavy bleeding, no baby movement, severe pain, or other strong pregnancy warning signs that feel unusual or intense.

Can swelling be a warning sign in pregnancy?

Yes, sudden swelling in the face or hands is one of the pregnancy warning signs, especially in later stages, and may indicate high blood pressure or complications.

[janitriblogs]

Low Bishop Score: Can You Still Have a Normal Delivery?

In most labour rooms, the Bishop score is one of the first assessments used to guide decisions. It is quick to calculate and widely accepted, but when the score is low, it often raises immediate concern.

For clinicians and hospital teams, the question is straightforward: Does a low score reduce the chances of vaginal delivery, or is a low bishop score still a normal delivery possible?

The answer is not as simple as the number suggests. A Bishop score reflects the cervix at a single point in time, not how it may respond over the next few hours. In many cases, a low bishop score normal delivery is still achievable with the right approach and timing.

This makes it important to look beyond the score itself and understand what it truly indicates in practice.

What Is a Bishop Score and Why Is It Used?

If we break down what is a bishop score, it is a simple scoring system used to check how ready the cervix is for labour. The bishop score meaning comes from combining a few clinical findings during a vaginal examination.

When the bishop score cervix is explained in practical terms, it looks at:

How much the cervix has opened (dilation)

How thin it has become (effacement)

The position of the cervix

Its consistency (soft or firm)

The baby’s station

Each of these is given a score, and the total helps estimate how likely labour is to progress, especially if induction is being considered.

While it is widely used because it is quick and does not require equipment, it is still a subjective assessment. This is important to keep in mind, especially when interpreting a low bishop score normal delivery, where the number alone does not define the outcome.

Bishop Score Chart and the 0 to 13 Scale

The bishop score chart is based on a total score ranging from 0 to 13. Each parameter is assessed and given a score, which together form the final value.

Here’s a simplified view of the bishop score 0 to 13 scale:

Parameter

Score 0

Score 1

Score 2

Score 3

Dilation (cm)

Closed

1–2 cm

3–4 cm

≥5 cm

Effacement (%)

0–30%

40–50%

60–70%

≥80%

Station

-3

-2

-1 or 0

+1 or +2

Cervical Consistency

Firm

Medium

Soft

—

Cervical Position

Posterior

Mid-position

Anterior

—

How to Interpret the Score

Total Score

Clinical Interpretation

0 – 4

Unfavorable cervix

5 – 7

Moderately favorable

8 – 13

Favorable for labour

This bishop score chart helps standardize assessment, but it is still a snapshot of the cervix at one point in time. Even within this scale, outcomes can vary, and a low bishop score normal delivery is still possible depending on how the cervix responds and how labour is managed.

What Is a Good Bishop Score?

When discussing what is a good bishop score, clinicians usually rely on general cut-offs rather than exact predictions.

In most cases:

A bishop score 8 favorable is considered a good sign that labour is likely to progress well

A bishop score 6 or less meaning the cervix may not yet be ready and could need support before induction

For example, a bishop score of 4 unfavorable cervix often suggests that direct induction may not be very effective without prior cervical ripening.

However, these numbers should be seen as guidance, not conclusions. A “good” score increases the chances of vaginal delivery, but it does not guarantee it. Similarly, a lower score does not rule it out.

This is why, even with lower values, a low bishop score normal delivery can still happen. The score reflects the current state of the cervix, but labour progression depends on how it responds over time.

What Does a Low Bishop Score Actually Mean

A low Bishop score is usually interpreted as an “unfavorable” cervix, but in practice, it simply means the cervix is not fully ready at the time of assessment.

Clinically, it is often linked to:

Lower bishop score vaginal delivery chances

Higher bishop score c-section risk, especially if induction is done early

However, this interpretation can be misleading if taken at face value. The score reflects a single moment, not the full course of labour. The cervix is not static—it can change significantly within hours, either naturally or with intervention.

This is why a low bishop score normal delivery should not be seen as unlikely. In many cases, the cervix responds well to time, monitoring, or cervical ripening methods. Once that happens, the initial score becomes far less relevant.

Can You Still Have a Normal Delivery with a Low Bishop Score?

Yes, a low bishop score normal delivery is definitely possible.

The Bishop score only shows how the cervix is at that moment. It does not predict how it will respond over the next few hours. In many cases, with time or proper induction methods, the cervix becomes more favorable and labour progresses well.

What matters more than the initial score is:

How the cervix responds

The method and timing of induction

Ongoing monitoring of labour

Because of this, a low bishop score normal delivery should not be ruled out early. With the right approach, it remains a realistic outcome in many cases.

Bishop Score and Labor Induction

The relationship between bishop score and labor induction helps guide what step to take next. Instead of a fixed rule, it is better understood as a decision pathway:

Bishop Score Range

Cervix Condition

Common Approach

0 – 4

Unfavorable

Cervical ripening required before induction

5 – 7

Moderately favorable

Ripening or cautious induction based on case

8 – 13

Favorable

Direct induction, often with bishop score and oxytocin induction

Key Point

Even with a low score, induction is not unsuccessful by default. It may just require an additional step before active labour begins. With the right approach, a low bishop score normal delivery is still achievable.

Cervical Ripening in Low Bishop Score Cases

In cases of cervical ripening low bishop score, the goal is to prepare the cervix before starting active labour induction. This improves the chances of progression and vaginal delivery.

Method

Type

How It Works

When It’s Used

Prostaglandins

Medical

Softens and opens the cervix

Common first step in low Bishop score cases

Balloon Catheter

Mechanical

Applies pressure to help the cervix dilate

When medication is not preferred or enough

Membrane Sweeping

Manual

Stimulates natural release of prostaglandins

In selected cases, near term

Key Point

Cervical ripening helps convert an unfavorable cervix into a more favorable one. Once the cervix responds, the chances of vaginal delivery improve, making a low bishop score a normal delivery more achievable.

The Challenge: Difficulty in Calculating Bishop Score

Although the Bishop score is widely used, calculating it is not always as straightforward as it seems.

In practice, there can be:

Differences between clinicians in how parameters are assessed

Subjective interpretation of cervical position and consistency

Variations due to time pressure in busy labour rooms

Inconsistent documentation across shifts

These small differences can change the final score and, in some cases, influence key decisions like when to induce or whether to wait.

Because of this, relying only on a single score can create uncertainty, especially when evaluating a low bishop score normal delivery, where the outcome depends on careful and continuous assessment.

Moving Toward More Consistent Assessments

Given the variability in how the Bishop score is assessed, many hospitals are now looking for ways to make labour evaluation more consistent and reliable.

Digital solutions like Janitri Premium software help bring structure to this process. Instead of relying only on manual scoring, they allow clinicians to record, track, and interpret labour data in a more standardized way.

By reducing subjectivity and improving documentation, such systems make it easier to look at the overall clinical picture rather than a single number. This becomes especially useful in situations like a low bishop score normal delivery, where decisions need to be based on progression over time rather than one-time assessments.

In high-volume settings, this kind of support can help teams make more confident and consistent decisions.

Conclusion

A Bishop score is a useful tool, but it should never be seen as a final answer. A low score simply reflects the cervix at one point in time, it does not define how labour will progress.

A low bishop score normal delivery is not rare. With the right approach, proper timing, and continuous assessment, many patients still go on to have successful vaginal deliveries. What matters more is how the situation is monitored and how decisions are made as labour evolves.

For hospitals and clinical teams, reducing variability and improving consistency in assessments can make a significant difference. This is where solutions like Janitri Premium software can support better decision-making by bringing more structure and clarity to labour monitoring.

If your goal is to move beyond one-time scoring and towards more reliable, data-driven assessments, Janitri Premium software can be a valuable addition to your workflow.

Because better outcomes start with better understanding, not just better numbers.

FAQs

1. Can you have a normal delivery with a low Bishop score?

Yes, a low bishop score normal delivery is possible. The score only reflects the cervix at a specific moment. With proper monitoring, time, and appropriate interventions, many patients still achieve successful vaginal delivery outcomes.

Can a Bishop score increase naturally?

Yes, the Bishop score can improve naturally as labour approaches. Hormonal changes help the cervix soften, dilate, and shift position over time, even without medical intervention, especially in spontaneous labour situations.

Is the Bishop score always accurate?

The Bishop score is helpful but not completely accurate, as it depends on clinical examination. Differences in assessment between clinicians can lead to variation, so it should be used as a guide alongside overall clinical judgment.

Does a low Bishop score always mean induction is needed?

No, a low Bishop score does not always mean induction is required. In some cases, waiting with proper monitoring is appropriate, as the cervix may naturally become favorable without immediate medical intervention.

How can a low Bishop score be improved?

In cervical ripening low bishop score cases, methods like prostaglandins or balloon catheters are used to prepare the cervix. These approaches help improve readiness for labour and increase the chances of vaginal delivery.

[janitriblogs]

Why Premature Babies Are at Higher Risk of Hypoxia

Introduces hypoxia in newborns and explains why premature babies are more vulnerable. Builds emotional connection with parents while highlighting the importance of early awareness and proactive care. When a baby arrives earlier than expected, everything can feel uncertain. You may find yourself watching every breath, every tiny movement, wondering if everything is okay. 

One concern that often comes up is hypoxia in newborns, a condition where oxygen levels drop below what the body needs.For premature babies, this risk is higher because their bodies are still learning to function independently outside the womb. The good news is that with awareness and the right care, most complications can be managed effectively.

What Is Hypoxia in Newborns? 

Oxygen is essential for your baby’s growth and development. Every organ in the body relies on a steady supply of oxygen to function properly, especially the brain.

Hypoxia in newborns occurs when oxygen levels fall below what the body needs to stay healthy.

Looking a bit deeper:

Oxygen is carried through the blood by hemoglobin and delivered to different parts of the body. In premature babies, this process is not always efficient because:

Hemoglobin levels may be lower

Oxygen binding can be less effective

Delivery of oxygen to organs can be uneven

As a result, even small drops in oxygen levels can have a greater impact compared to full-term babies.

Clinical studies suggest that reduced oxygen supply can affect how cells produce energy and, if it continues for longer periods, may lead to inflammation and tissue damage.

Why Premature Babies Are More Prone to Hypoxia

The biological and developmental reasons that increase the risk of hypoxia in premature babies, focusing on immature lungs, breathing control, and oxygen regulation.

Premature babies are still in an important stage of development when they are born. Inside the womb, the placenta supplies oxygen continuously, so the baby does not need to breathe on their own. After birth, the body must quickly adapt to breathing and maintaining oxygen levels independently.

For premature babies, this transition is more challenging because several systems are not fully developed yet.

Lungs may not be mature enough to exchange oxygen efficiently, making breathing more difficult.

The brain’s control over breathing can be irregular, leading to pauses in breathing or uneven patterns.

Oxygen transport in the blood may not be as efficient, affecting how oxygen reaches vital organs.

Regulation of oxygen levels is less stable, causing sudden drops, especially during sleep or feeding.

Because these systems are still developing and not fully coordinated, premature babies are more likely to experience fluctuations in oxygen levels. This is why they have a higher risk of developing hypoxia and often require closer monitoring and care.

1. Underdeveloped Lungs

In full-term babies, the lungs are coated with surfactant that helps air sacs stay open. In premature babies:

Surfactant is insufficient

Air sacs collapse more easily

Gas exchange is reduced

This condition is often called Respiratory Distress Syndrome.This directly limits oxygen intake and increases hypoxia risk.

2. Immature Breathing Control

The brain controls breathing rhythm automatically. In premature infants:

Signals may be inconsistent

Breathing pauses can occur

Recovery after pauses may be slow

These repeated cycles are known as intermittent hypoxia, and studies show they can affect neurological development over time. (PubMed)

3. Unstable Oxygen Regulation

Premature babies often experience:

Rapid drops and rises in oxygen levels

Delayed stabilization

Increased sensitivity to environmental changes

Even routine activities like feeding or crying can temporarily affect oxygen levels.

To know about Signs of Low Oxygen in Babies

4. Immature Blood and Oxygen Transport System

Premature infants often have:

Lower red blood cell counts

Higher fetal hemoglobin levels

Reduced oxygen-carrying efficiency

This means oxygen delivery to tissues is not just about breathing, but also about how well oxygen is transported and utilized.

Normal vs Risky Oxygen Levels in Premature Babies

Oxygen Level (SpO2)

Interpretation

Recommended Action

95% to 100%

Stable

Routine care

92% to 94%

Borderline

Close monitoring

88% to 91%

Concerning

Medical advice needed

Below 88%

Severe hypoxia

Immediate care

Important nuance:

Premature babies in NICU may have slightly different target ranges depending on their condition. Doctors often individualize these targets to balance oxygen supply and avoid complications.

Hypoxia Effects on Premature Babies

Hypoxia is not just about a momentary drop in oxygen. It is about how often and how long those drops happen.

Short-term effects:

Irregular breathing patterns

Increased heart rate variability

Feeding fatigue

Long-term effects (in-depth):

Neurodevelopmental delays due to reduced oxygen to the brain

Chronic lung conditions such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Retinopathy of prematurity due to oxygen imbalance

Research indicates that repeated intermittent hypoxia can disrupt brain signaling pathways and affect cognitive development. (PubMed)

How Hypoxia Is Managed in Premature Babies

Managing hypoxia in premature babies focuses on one key goal: keeping oxygen levels stable while supporting the baby’s developing body.

In the hospital, doctors closely monitor oxygen levels using continuous devices. Based on the baby’s condition, they may provide:

Oxygen therapy to increase oxygen levels in the blood

CPAP support to help keep the airways open and make breathing easier

Ventilator support in more serious cases where the baby needs help breathing

Care is very carefully controlled because both low and excessively high oxygen levels can be harmful for premature babies.

Once the baby is stable and at home, management continues through:

Regular pediatric check-ups

Observing breathing patterns and feeding behavior

Monitoring when recommended by a doctor

In some cases, continuous monitoring solutions can help track oxygen levels and alert caregivers to sudden changes, especially during sleep when fluctuations are harder to notice.

The overall approach is to detect changes early, respond quickly, and support healthy development over time.

Treatment Overview

Method

Clinical Role

Key Benefit

Oxygen Therapy

Improves saturation

Immediate stabilization

CPAP

Maintains airway pressure

Prevents lung collapse

Ventilator

Supports breathing

Critical care support

Monitoring

Tracks fluctuations

Early intervention

Real-Life Insight for Parents

One of the most challenging parts for parents is that hypoxia is not always visible.

A baby may appear calm and comfortable, but oxygen levels can still fluctuate internally. This is especially true during sleep.

Continuous monitoring solutions like Navam Baby Monitor help bridge this gap by:

Tracking oxygen levels in real time

Alerting caregivers to sudden drops

Providing trends that can be shared with doctors

This does not replace medical care. It supports informed and timely decisions at home.

Role of Hypoxia in Pregnancy and Premature Birth

Hypoxia in pregnancy can influence how a baby develops even before birth.

Deeper factors include:

Placental insufficiency reducing oxygen transfer

Maternal conditions affecting blood flow

Chronic fetal stress leading to early delivery

Studies suggest that prenatal hypoxia can alter respiratory control systems, making premature babies more prone to breathing instability after birth. (PubMed)

How Parents Can Help Prevent and Manage Hypoxia

Taking care of a premature baby can feel overwhelming, but small, consistent observations can make a big difference. Being aware of everyday changes helps in early detection and timely action.

Daily observation checklist:

Is breathing smooth and regular Watch for pauses, rapid breathing, or unusual patterns, especially during sleep.

Is skin color consistent Look for any bluish tint around the lips or fingertips, which may indicate low oxygen.

Is feeding effort normal Notice if your baby gets tired quickly while feeding or struggles to suck and swallow.

Environmental factors to consider:

Maintain a comfortable room temperature Avoid extremes, as both overheating and cold stress can affect breathing.

Avoid overcrowded sleeping environments Ensure your baby has enough space for proper airflow.

Ensure safe sleep positioning Place your baby on their back to sleep, as recommended for better breathing support.

When monitoring becomes important:

If your baby was born premature

If there were NICU complications

If your pediatrician recommends oxygen or breathing monitoring

In such cases, closer observation or continuous monitoring can help detect changes early and provide peace of mind for parents.

What Doctors Monitor Beyond Oxygen Levels

Doctors do not rely on oxygen levels alone. They also assess:

Heart rate variability

Respiratory rate

Blood gas levels

Sleep patterns

This comprehensive monitoring helps identify patterns that may not be obvious in a single reading.

Conclusion: Small Awareness, Big Impact

Caring for a premature baby comes with questions and concerns. That is completely natural.

The important thing to remember is:

Hypoxia is manageable

Early detection improves outcomes

You play a key role in observation and care

With the right knowledge and support, your baby has a strong chance to grow and thrive.

[janitriblogs]

Gestational Diabetes: Early Symptoms, Risk Factors & When to Get Tested

Pregnancy brings many changes, and some of them can feel unexpected. One such condition is gestational diabetes, which affects how your body handles sugar during pregnancy. It may sound worrying at first, but with the right knowledge and care, it can be managed safely.

This guide will walk you through the early symptoms, risk factors, testing process, and treatment options in a simple and reassuring way so you feel more confident during your pregnancy journey.

What Is Gestational Diabetes?

This section explains what gestational diabetes means, why it happens during pregnancy, and how it affects your body’s ability to control blood sugar. Understanding this helps you feel more prepared rather than anxious about the condition.

Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that develops during gestational pregnancy, usually in the second or third trimester. It occurs when pregnancy hormones make it harder for insulin to work properly, leading to higher blood sugar levels.

With proper care and Continuous maternal and fetal monitoring during pregnancy, most women go on to have healthy pregnancies and babies.

Early Symptoms of Gestational Diabetes

This section helps you quickly identify early gestational diabetes symptoms, which are often mild and easy to overlook. Recognizing these signs early can help you seek timely testing and reduce the risk of complications.

Many women may not notice obvious symptoms, which is why routine screening is essential. However, some early gestational diabetes symptoms include:

Common Signs

Increased thirst that does not go away

Frequent urination, more than usual for pregnancy

Feeling unusually tired even after rest

Blurred or unclear vision

Subtle Signs of Gestational Diabetes

Feeling very hungry even after eating

Sugar detected in routine urine tests

Frequent infections such as urinary or vaginal infections

These signs of gestational diabetes are usually mild but persistent. You can also read more about pregnancy risk monitoring and early warning signs. If you notice more than one symptom, consult your doctor and consider getting tested for confirmation.

Signs of Gestational Diabetes vs Normal Pregnancy Changes

This section helps you understand the difference between normal pregnancy discomforts and symptoms that may need medical attention. It reduces confusion and helps you decide when to speak with your doctor.

Normal Pregnancy

Possible Gestational Diabetes

Mild tiredness

Ongoing extreme fatigue

Occasional thirst

Constant strong thirst

Regular urination

Frequent urination affecting sleep

If something feels unusual or persistent, it is always better to check with your doctor.

Risk Factors for Gestational Diabetes

This section explains who is more likely to develop gestational diabetes. Knowing your risk factors helps you stay alert and take preventive steps early in your pregnancy.

Common Risk Factors

Age above 25 to 30 years

Being overweight

Family history of diabetes

Medical Risk Factors

Previous gestational diabetes

PCOS

History of type 2 diabetes pregnancy

Women with a history of type 2 diabetes during pregnancy need closer monitoring.

When to Get Tested for Gestational Diabetes

This section explains the right time to take a gestational diabetes test and why timing is important. Early testing helps detect the condition before it causes complications.

Standard Testing Time

Between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy

Early Testing Recommended If

You are overweight

You had gestational diabetes before

You have a history of type 2 diabetes pregnancy

Timely testing ensures better care for you and your baby.

Types of Gestational Diabetes Tests

Gestational Diabetes Tests Overview

This table gives a quick and clear comparison of the main tests. It helps you easily understand their purpose and what happens during each test without feeling overwhelmed.

Test Name

Purpose

What to Expect

Glucose Challenge Test

Initial screening to check for high blood sugar levels.

Drink a glucose solution and blood sugar is checked after one hour. No fasting needed.

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)

Confirms gestational diabetes with detailed results.

Requires fasting. Blood sugar is tested multiple times after drinking glucose.

Blood Glucose Test Pregnancy Monitoring

Tracks daily blood sugar after diagnosis.

Done at home using a glucometer to monitor and manage sugar levels.

These tests are safe and commonly used during pregnancy to ensure timely diagnosis and proper care.

Gestational Diabetes Treatment & Management

This section focuses on how gestational diabetes can be managed through simple lifestyle changes and medical care. It reassures you that with the right steps, healthy outcomes are very achievable.

Lifestyle Management

Eating a balanced diet

Staying physically active

Monitoring weight

Medical Treatment

Insulin if required

Medication in some cases

Proper gestational diabetes treatment helps keep your pregnancy on track.

Low Blood Sugar Pregnancy Sign (Hypoglycemia)

This section explains what happens when blood sugar drops too low, which can sometimes occur during treatment. Recognizing these signs early helps you respond quickly and stay safe.

Symptoms Include

Dizziness

Sweating

Shaking

Confusion

Understanding a low blood sugar pregnancy sign can prevent complications.

Potential Complications If Untreated

This section highlights why managing gestational diabetes is important. It explains possible risks for both mother and baby if blood sugar levels are not controlled.

For the Baby

Higher birth weight

Early delivery

Risk of future diabetes

For the Mother

Higher chance of C-section

Increased risk of type 2 diabetes during pregnancy later

Timely care can greatly reduce these risks.

Prevention Tips for Gestational Diabetes

This section offers practical steps you can take to lower your risk. While not all cases can be prevented, healthy habits can make a big difference.

Before Pregnancy

Maintain a healthy weight

Eat nutritious food

During Pregnancy

Stay active

Attend regular checkups

Monitor weight gain

Small consistent steps can support a healthier pregnancy.

When to Consult a Doctor

This section guides you on when it is important to seek medical advice. Early consultation helps address concerns quickly and ensures better outcomes.

You should speak to a doctor if:

You notice symptoms of gestational diabetes

You have known risk factors

Your blood glucose test pregnancy results are abnormal

Conclusion

This section brings together all the key points discussed in the blog and reinforces the importance of awareness, early testing, and proper care. It helps readers feel informed, reassured, and prepared to manage gestational diabetes confidently.

Gestational diabetes can feel overwhelming at first, but with the right support and knowledge, it is manageable. By understanding the symptoms, risk factors, and testing process, you can take the right steps toward a safe and healthy pregnancy.

[janitriblogs]

Why Continuous Monitoring Is Important in High-Risk Pregnancy

Continuous monitoring in high-risk pregnancy means tracking the mother’s vital signs and fetal heart rate in real time throughout pregnancy and labour. It helps detect dangerous complications; such as fetal distress, preeclampsia, or placental insufficiency; early enough to intervene and save lives. Tools like fetal Doppler devices and Non-Stress Tests (NST) are central to this monitoring.

What Is a High-Risk Pregnancy?

A high-risk pregnancy is one in which the mother, the fetus, or both face an elevated chance of complications before, during, or after delivery. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 15% of all pregnant women will develop a serious complication that requires skilled medical care.

A pregnancy may be classified as high-risk if the mother has:

Pre-existing conditions — diabetes, hypertension, thyroid disorders, heart disease, or kidney disease

Pregnancy-specific complications — gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, placenta previa, or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)

Multiple pregnancies — twins, triplets, or more

Advanced maternal age — pregnancies after the age of 35

Obstetric history — previous preterm births, stillbirths, or caesarean sections

Fetal abnormalities — detected chromosomal or structural conditions

Being classified as high-risk does not mean a complication will happen; it means the risk is elevated, and therefore the standard of care must be more vigilant. That vigilance translates directly into continuous, structured monitoring.

Why Monitoring Cannot Be a One-Time Event

One of the most common misconceptions in antenatal care is that a normal ultrasound or a normal blood pressure reading at one visit means everything is fine. In high-risk pregnancies, that is rarely sufficient.

Complications in high-risk pregnancies can develop rapidly and silently. Fetal heart rate patterns can change within minutes. Blood pressure can spike between appointments. Placental function can deteriorate over days without any visible symptoms.

This is precisely why continuous monitoring; rather than periodic check-ins, is the clinical standard for high-risk pregnancies in modern obstetric care.

The Cost of Delayed Detection

India records approximately 45,000 maternal deaths every year, with preeclampsia and birth asphyxia among the leading preventable causes (National Family Health Survey, NFHS-5). A significant proportion of these deaths and neonatal injuries are linked to late detection of warning signs that could have been caught with timely, structured monitoring.

Continuous fetal monitoring has been shown to reduce the incidence of neonatal seizures by approximately 50%, according to a Cochrane review of intrapartum electronic fetal monitoring studies. Early intervention is only possible when healthcare providers receive timely, accurate data, and that requires monitoring that doesn’t stop between clinical visits.

Key Risks That Continuous Monitoring Can Detect Early

Below are the most serious complications in high-risk pregnancies that routine or continuous monitoring is designed to catch:

Fetal Distress

Fetal distress refers to signs that the fetus is not receiving adequate oxygen. It is identified through abnormal fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns; decelerations, tachycardia, or loss of variability. Without continuous FHR tracking, fetal distress can go undetected until it causes irreversible neurological damage.

Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR)

IUGR occurs when the fetus does not grow at the expected rate inside the womb, often due to poor placental blood flow. Doppler ultrasound of the umbilical artery is the primary tool for monitoring blood flow and detecting IUGR progression early.

Preeclampsia and Hypertensive Disorders

Preeclampsia, characterised by high blood pressure and organ damage after 20 weeks of pregnancy, is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality globally. Regular blood pressure monitoring and urine protein screening are essential for catching it before it escalates to eclampsia.

Placental Insufficiency

When the placenta cannot deliver adequate oxygen and nutrients to the fetus, it leads to fetal hypoxia and growth problems. This cannot be diagnosed without active monitoring of fetal movements, heart rate, and blood flow patterns.

Preterm Labour

Continuous monitoring of uterine contractions and cervical changes helps identify the early onset of preterm labour, allowing timely administration of tocolytics and corticosteroids to improve fetal lung maturity.

Umbilical Cord Complications

Umbilical cord compression or cord prolapse causes sudden, severe fetal heart rate decelerations. These are time-sensitive emergencies that can only be detected through real-time fetal heart rate monitoring.

What Does Continuous Fetal Monitoring Include?

Continuous fetal monitoring in a high-risk pregnancy typically includes a combination of the following:

Monitoring Type

What It Measures

Frequency in High-Risk Pregnancies

Fetal Doppler (CTG)

Fetal heart rate, uterine contractions

Weekly or as advised from 28 weeks

Non-Stress Test (NST)

Fetal heart rate response to movement

Weekly or twice weekly from 32–36 weeks

Biophysical Profile (BPP)

Fetal breathing, movement, tone, amniotic fluid, NST

As clinically indicated

Doppler Velocimetry

Blood flow in umbilical/uterine arteries

In IUGR or placental insufficiency

Blood Pressure Monitoring

Maternal systolic/diastolic BP

At every antenatal visit

Kick Count / Fetal Movement Chart

Daily fetal activity tracking

Daily from 28 weeks onward

These tools work together to create a comprehensive picture of maternal and fetal health — something no single test or single visit can provide.

The Role of Fetal Doppler for High-Risk Pregnancy

A fetal Doppler is a handheld or tabletop ultrasound device that uses sound waves to detect and amplify the fetal heartbeat. In clinical settings, it is integrated into cardiotocography (CTG) machines, which simultaneously record fetal heart rate (FHR) and uterine contractions on a printed or digital trace.

Fetal Doppler monitoring enables clinicians to:

Detect late decelerations, which indicate uteroplacental insufficiency

Identify variable decelerations, associated with cord compression

Confirm fetal heart rate variability, a sign of an active, well-oxygenated nervous system

Assess baseline FHR across different periods for trend analysis

In high-risk pregnancies, a reactive CTG trace where the FHR accelerates appropriately in response to fetal movement is a strong indicator of fetal well-being. A non-reactive trace requires further investigation.

The Non-Stress Test (NST): What It Measures and Why It Matters

The Non-Stress Test (NST) is one of the most widely used tools in antepartum fetal surveillance. Despite its name, it is not stressful for either the mother or the baby — it simply observes how the fetal heart rate responds naturally to fetal movement.

How an NST Works

During an NST:

1. The mother reclines comfortably in a semi-recumbent position

2. Two sensors are placed on the abdomen — one to record FHR, one to detect uterine contractions

3. The test runs for 20 to 40 minutes

4. The mother may press a button each time she feels the baby move

5. The trace is evaluated by a trained clinician or automated system

When Is NST Recommended?

NST is particularly important in high-risk pregnancies when:

Gestational diabetes is present

Maternal hypertension or preeclampsia has been diagnosed

IUGR has been detected

The mother reports decreased fetal movement

The pregnancy has extended beyond 40 weeks (post-term)

There is a history of stillbirth or previous pregnancy loss

Current obstetric guidelines (ACOG) recommend NST twice weekly for most high-risk conditions from 32–34 weeks of gestation onward.

How Janitri Supports Continuous Monitoring in High-Risk Pregnancies

Managing a high-risk pregnancy effectively requires not just the right clinical protocols, but also reliable, accessible technology that healthcare teams can trust — especially in tier-2 and tier-3 hospitals, district health centres, and midwife-led units across India.

This is exactly where Janitri plays a critical role.

Janitri’s Fetal Doppler and NST Solutions

Janitri’s fetal monitoring devices are designed to bring hospital-grade NST and fetal Doppler capabilities to healthcare facilities that may otherwise lack the infrastructure for continuous monitoring. The devices are built with Indian clinical environments in mind — robust, easy to use, and capable of generating interpretable CTG traces without requiring highly specialised training.

Key capabilities include:

Real-time FHR monitoring with accurate baseline and variability tracking

Uterine contraction recording to identify labour onset and patterns

Digital trace storage and transfer, enabling remote review and teleconsultation

Alert systems that flag abnormal FHR patterns for immediate clinical attention

Janitri’s NST Monitoring Support

For antepartum surveillance, Janitri’s platform supports the conduct and recording of Non-Stress Tests (NST) in a structured, reproducible format. The system helps clinical staff:

Set up and time NST sessions correctly

Record maternal button-press data alongside the FHR trace

Classify traces as reactive or non-reactive based on established criteria

Maintain digital records for longitudinal monitoring across the pregnancy

In high-risk pregnancies where NST needs to be performed weekly or twice weekly, having a streamlined digital workflow means fewer missed tests and more consistent surveillance.

Labour Monitoring and Partograph Integration

During labour, Janitri’s platform integrates fetal heart rate monitoring with the digital partograph a labour progress chart that tracks cervical dilation, fetal descent, contractions, and maternal vitals. This integrated view gives the labour ward team everything they need in one place, reducing the risk of missed warning signs in the critical hours before delivery.

Making Monitoring Accessible Across India

One of the most significant challenges in Indian maternal healthcare is the inequitable distribution of monitoring technology. Urban tertiary hospitals are well-equipped; rural and semi-urban facilities often are not. Janitri’s mission is to bridge this gap — ensuring that a mother delivering in a district hospital in Rajasthan receives the same quality of fetal monitoring as one delivering in a private hospital in Bengaluru.

By equipping more facilities with reliable, affordable fetal Doppler and NST monitoring tools, Janitri helps reduce the disparity in high-risk pregnancy outcomes across the country.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between intermittent auscultation and continuous fetal monitoring? Intermittent auscultation involves listening to the fetal heartbeat for short intervals (typically 1 minute every 15–30 minutes in labour). Continuous fetal monitoring (CTG) records the fetal heart rate in real time throughout labour or a monitoring session, producing a trace that can be reviewed for patterns. In high-risk pregnancies, continuous monitoring is strongly preferred because complications can occur between intermittent checks.

Is continuous fetal monitoring safe for the baby? Yes. Both external CTG monitoring and fetal Doppler devices use ultrasound waves and are non-invasive. There is no evidence that routine fetal monitoring causes any harm to the fetus. The risk of not monitoring a high-risk pregnancy consistently is far greater than any theoretical risk from the monitoring itself.

How often should a high-risk pregnant woman have an NST? Most obstetric guidelines recommend NST once or twice weekly from 32–36 weeks onward in high-risk pregnancies, though the frequency depends on the specific condition. A doctor managing a pregnancy with severe IUGR or uncontrolled gestational diabetes may recommend more frequent testing.

Can I monitor my baby’s heartbeat at home? Consumer-grade fetal Dopplers are available for home use, but they are not a substitute for clinical-grade CTG monitoring. Home devices cannot record a trace, detect decelerations, or measure uterine contractions. If you have a high-risk pregnancy, clinical monitoring under medical supervision is essential.

What does a non-reactive NST mean? A non-reactive NST means the fetal heart rate did not show the expected accelerations during the test period. This does not automatically mean the baby is in danger — the fetus may be in a sleep cycle. The test is usually extended to 40 minutes. If still non-reactive, further testing (Biophysical Profile, Contraction Stress Test) is performed to assess fetal well-being.

Key Takeaways

High-risk pregnancies require continuous, structured monitoring because complications can develop rapidly and silently between standard antenatal visits.

The two most important tools for antepartum fetal surveillance are the fetal Doppler (CTG) and the Non-Stress Test (NST).

Fetal Doppler monitors real-time heart rate patterns and detects life-threatening complications like cord compression and placental insufficiency.

NST evaluates fetal well-being by assessing how heart rate responds to movement — a reactive NST is a strong indicator of fetal health.

During labour, continuous electronic fetal monitoring is the standard of care in high-risk pregnancies and significantly reduces rates of neonatal injury.

Janitri’s fetal monitoring solutions — including digital CTG, NST support, and partograph integration — are making high-quality continuous monitoring accessible across healthcare facilities in India, helping close the gap in maternal and neonatal outcomes.

References

1. World Health Organization. (2023). Maternal Mortality: Key Facts. WHO Global Health Observatory.

2. Alfirevic Z, Devane D, Gyte GML. (2017). Continuous cardiotocography (CTG) as a form of electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) for fetal assessment during labour. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.

3. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). (2021). Antepartum Fetal Surveillance. Practice Bulletin №229.

4. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5). (2021). India Fact Sheet. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.

5. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG). (2022). Green-top Guideline №31: The Investigation and Management of the Small-for-Gestational-Age Fetus.

6. Liston R, Sawchuck D, Young D. (2018). Fetal Health Surveillance: Antepartum and Intrapartum Consensus Guideline. SOGC Clinical Practice Guideline.

[janitriblogs]

Why Does My Baby Feel Hot But Has No Fever? What Parents Should Know

Your baby's skin feels warm to the touch, but the thermometer reads normal. Before the panic sets in here's what's actually happening, and what you should do next. 

It's 2 a.m. You reach into the crib and your baby's forehead feels radiating hot. Your heart races. You grab the thermometer - and it reads 98.8 degrees F. Normal.

So what's going on? Is the thermometer broken? Are you overreacting?

Neither. Babies can genuinely feel warm to the touch without running a true fever, and understanding why is one of the most calming pieces of knowledge a parent can have. Let's break it all down. 

Skin Temperature vs. Core Temperature: The Key Difference

Your baby's body has two distinct temperature zones - and they don't always agree with each other.

Core (or internal) temperature reflects what's happening inside the body: how the immune system is functioning, whether an infection is present, and whether the hypothalamus (the brain's thermostat) has signaled a fever response.

Skin (or peripheral) temperature is easily influenced by outside factors - the room temperature, what your baby is wearing, blood flow near the skin, and recent activity. Skin can feel hot or cool regardless of what the core temperature is doing.

This is why the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends using a rectal thermometer for infants under 3 months to get the most accurate reading. The skin surface - especially the forehead or neck - can mislead even experienced parents and healthcare workers.

KEY TAKEAWAY

A warm forehead is a skin temperature signal, not a fever diagnosis. Only a reliable infant thermometer reading of 100.4 degrees F (38 degrees C) or above - taken correctly - constitutes a true fever.

Six Common Reasons Your Baby Feels Hot (Without a Fever)

Once you rule out fever with a thermometer, here are the most likely culprits behind that warm skin:

A warm or poorly ventilated nursery raises your baby's skin temperature quickly. Babies are especially sensitive to ambient heat - their thermoregulatory system is still maturing.

Extra layers, thick sleep sacks, or heavy swaddles trap heat. Babies can't remove clothing themselves - so they absorb the heat. Dress baby in one more layer than you'd wear.

Sustained crying raises heart rate and generates body heat. Even vigorous kicking in the crib can produce a temporary warm flush, especially around the head and neck.

Breastfeeding and bottle-feeding involve close physical contact and warmth transfer. Immediately after feeding, your baby's skin - particularly the face - can feel noticeably warmer.

Babies who've been sleeping in one position can feel warm on the side pressed against the mattress. Blood pooling and limited heat dissipation both contribute.

Teething can produce slight local inflammation, but research consistently shows it does NOT cause true fever. Any reading above 100.4 degrees F needs investigation beyond teething.

 Why Touch Is an Unreliable Way to Check Temperature

We've all done it - that instinctive palm-to-forehead check. It's reassuring, it's immediate, and it's completely understandable. But as a diagnostic tool, it's remarkably inaccurate.

"Multiple clinical studies have shown that parental touch has a sensitivity of only around 74-83% for detecting fever - meaning roughly 1 in 5 actual fevers are missed, and many non-fevers are flagged as concerning."

Source: Banco, L. et al. - Clinical Pediatrics, Study on Parental Fever Assessment Methods

There are several reasons why your hands mislead you:

•      Your own body temperature - Cold hands will make a normal baby feel hotter; warm hands can mask warmth.

•      Emotional arousal - Anxiety when checking can desensitize your perception.

•      Location matters - The neck, head, and chest can all feel different from each other on the same baby at the same moment.

•      Normal variance - An infant's surface temperature naturally fluctuates 2-3 degrees throughout the day.

Relying on touch can be misleading - accurate temperature tracking helps avoid unnecessary panic while also ensuring you don't miss a genuine fever that requires prompt attention.

IMPORTANT NOTE

Never use the "touch test" as a final determination for infants under 3 months. At this age, a fever is a medical emergency. Always confirm with a most accurate infant thermometer you trust.

 What Is Considered a Fever in Babies?

Knowing the exact threshold matters. Here's the clinically accepted guide from the AAP:

Age Group

Method

Fever Threshold

Action

Under 3 months

Rectal

100.4 degrees F / 38 degrees C or above

Call doctor immediately

3-6 months

Rectal / Temporal

100.4 degrees F / 38 degrees C or above

Call doctor same day

6-24 months

Axillary / Temporal

100.4 degrees F / 38 degrees C or above

Monitor + consult if persists

2+ years

Oral / Temporal

100.4 degrees F / 38 degrees C or above

Monitor, treat symptoms

Note: Axillary (armpit) readings typically run 0.5-1 degree F lower than rectal readings. Always factor in the method when interpreting results. 

How to Monitor Infant Temperature Accurately

Choosing the right tool is half the battle. Here's how the main options compare - and which scenarios they suit best.

Types of Baby Thermometers

Type

Accuracy

Best For

Considerations

Rectal (digital)

Gold standard

Newborns under 3 months

Invasive but most reliable

Temporal artery

Very accurate

All ages, quick checks

Sweat can affect readings

Tympanic (ear)

Good (age 6m+)

Older infants

Ear canal placement is key

Axillary (underarm)

Moderate

Screening only

Underestimates core temp

Wearable thermometer patch

Continuous monitoring

Ongoing illness watch

Bluetooth alerts, no waking baby

SMART MONITORING - WORTH CONSIDERING

The Case for a Wearable Bluetooth Thermometer

When your baby is sick or recovering, spot-check thermometers mean waking your child every hour for a reading - disrupting both their rest and yours. A smart wearable thermometer solves this by continuously tracking body temperature and pushing real-time alerts to your phone via Bluetooth.

Key Features:

•      Bluetooth alerts to your phone in real time

•      Continuous monitoring - no waking baby for checks

•      Temperature trend charts throughout the night

•      Multi-day battery life

•      Companion app with alert thresholds you set

A wearable body temperature monitor is especially valuable during illness recovery. The best infant temperature monitors sync directly to a companion app, giving you a temperature graph throughout the night - not just a single snapshot.

 Tips for Getting an Accurate Reading

✓  Wait 15-30 minutes after your baby has been in a warm room, just woken up, or finished feeding before taking a reading.

✓  For temporal thermometers, make sure the forehead is dry - sweat significantly reduces accuracy.

✓  When using a rectal thermometer, insert no more than half to 1 inch and hold gently in place until it beeps.

✓  For tympanic (ear) thermometers, gently pull the earlobe back and aim toward the opposite eye to straighten the ear canal.

✓  Always log the time, method, and reading - this data is invaluable if you speak with your pediatrician.

✓  Calibrate or replace your best infant thermometer if readings have been inconsistent or the device is more than 3 years old. 

When to Call the Doctor

Even when there's no fever, certain signs alongside warm skin warrant prompt medical attention. Trust your instincts you know your baby better than anyone and don't hesitate to call.

SEEK MEDICAL ATTENTION IF YOUR BABY IS HOT AND SHOWS ANY OF THESE SIGNS

* Under 3 months with any temperature at or above 100.4 degrees F (38 degrees C)

* Unusually lethargic, limp, or difficult to wake

* Refusing to feed for multiple sessions in a row

* A new rash appearing alongside warmth

* Breathing faster than normal or with visible effort

* A bulging fontanelle (soft spot on the top of the head)

* Persistent, high-pitched or unusual crying

* Warmth lasting more than 24 hours without explanation

For older infants and toddlers, low-grade warmth that resolves after removing a layer, cooling the room, or a short rest is almost always benign. Keep an infant temperature monitor nearby so you can confirm within minutes, not hours.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why does my baby feel hot but temperature is normal?

Babies can feel warm due to environmental factors like a hot room, over-bundling, post-feeding warmth, or crying - all without a true fever. Skin temperature does not reliably reflect core body temperature. Only a calibrated infant thermometer can confirm whether a true fever is present.

What is the most accurate thermometer for babies?

For infants under 3 months, a digital rectal thermometer remains the gold standard for accuracy. For older infants, a temporal artery (forehead scan) thermometer from a reputable brand is considered one of the most accurate infant thermometers for everyday use. Wearable thermometer patches with Bluetooth connectivity are excellent for continuous overnight monitoring.

Is a wearable thermometer accurate for babies?

Modern smart wearable thermometers and Bluetooth wearable thermometers designed for infants have clinically tested accuracy comparable to traditional methods. They excel in continuous monitoring scenarios - detecting rising temperatures early and sending alerts to a caregiver's phone without requiring the baby to be disturbed.

Can teething cause a baby to feel hot?

Teething may cause very mild gum inflammation and slight local warmth, but multiple studies confirm it does NOT cause a true fever (100.4 degrees F or higher). If your baby's temperature reaches that threshold during teething, another cause should be investigated.

When should I call the doctor if my baby feels hot?

Call your pediatrician immediately if your baby is under 3 months old and has a rectal temperature at or above 100.4 degrees F (38 degrees C). For older babies, seek care if warmth is accompanied by lethargy, refusal to feed, difficulty breathing, a new rash, or a bulging fontanelle.

A baby who feels warm to the touch but has no fever on a properly used thermometer is most likely simply warm. Room temperature, clothing layers, recent activity, and feeding can all contribute. These are normal, manageable circumstances, not emergencies.

The real skill as a parent isn't just knowing when to worry - it's building the confidence that comes from accurate information. A quality baby thermometer, used correctly, is the single best tool to give you that confidence at 2 a.m. And for parents who want continuous peace of mind, a wearable Bluetooth thermometer removes the guesswork entirely.

You're doing great. Trust the thermometer, not your anxious palm.

Baby feels hot but no fever?

Check the room temp, remove a layer, and wait 15 minutes. Re-check with a reliable infant thermometer. If temperature is under 100.4 degrees F and baby is acting normally - feeding, responsive, not unusually fussy - you can breathe easy.

Medical Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified pediatrician or healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment. In case of a medical emergency, call your local emergency services immediately.

[janitriblogs]

Difference Between CTG and NST Test in Pregnancy: A Complete Guide

CTG (Cardiotocography) and NST (Non-Stress Test) are both fetal monitoring tests used during pregnancy, but they serve different purposes. NST monitors the baby's heart rate in response to its own movements  typically used during the prenatal period (after 28 weeks). CTG monitors fetal heart rate alongside uterine contractions and is primarily used during labour to detect fetal distress in real time. In many clinical contexts, NST is performed using a CTG machine, which is why the terms are often used interchangeably but they are not the same test.

What Is an NST Test in Pregnancy? 

A Non-Stress Test (NST) is a prenatal test used to monitor a baby's heart rate and overall fetal well-being. The term "non-stress" refers to the fact that no stress is deliberately induced on the baby  there are no contractions, no medications, and no physical intervention involved.

The test measures how the fetal heart rate responds to the baby's own movements. A healthy baby's heart rate will typically accelerate when it moves, similar to how a healthy adult's heart rate increases during physical activity. This accelerating response is called a reactive NST and indicates that the baby is receiving adequate oxygen.

Key facts about NST:

Recommended from 28 weeks of pregnancy onward

Uses a fetal Doppler that works on ultrasound technology to measure fetal heart rate

Particularly important for high-risk pregnancies (gestational diabetes, hypertension, reduced fetal movement)

Typically takes 20 to 40 minutes to complete

Can be performed in a hospital, clinic, or at home with certified devices

What Is a CTG Test in Pregnancy? 

Cardiotocography (CTG) is a continuous electronic monitoring technique that simultaneously records two key parameters:

Fetal Heart Rate (FHR)  the baby's heartbeat pattern

Uterine Contractions (UC) the frequency, duration, and intensity of contractions

CTG uses two external probes placed on the mother's abdomen: a Doppler ultrasound transducer to detect the fetal heartbeat and a tocometer (TOCO) to measure uterine activity. The combined recording is called a cardiotocogram and is displayed as a continuous graph.

CTG is primarily a labour monitoring tool, enabling obstetricians and midwives to detect early signs of fetal distress and make timely clinical decisions including emergency caesarean sections when necessary.

Key facts about CTG:

Used routinely during labour and delivery

Monitors both fetal heart rate and uterine contractions simultaneously

Provides parameters including: baseline FHR, accelerations, decelerations, and short-term variability (STV)

Results are interpreted using standardised classification systems (FIGO, NICE guidelines)

Advanced CTG machines (like Janitri's Keyar series) provide automated digital interpretation and remote access for doctors

CTG vs NST: Key Differences at a Glance 

Parameter

NST (Non-Stress Test)

CTG (Cardiotocography)

Full Form

Non-Stress Test

Cardiotocography

Primary Use

Prenatal fetal well-being check

Labour monitoring

When Performed

After 28 weeks (antepartum)

During active labour

What It Measures

Fetal heart rate vs. baby's movement

Fetal heart rate + uterine contractions

Contractions Involved?

No

Yes

Duration

20–40 minutes

Continuous throughout labour

Setting

Hospital, clinic, or home

Hospital/labour ward

Result Categories

Reactive / Non-Reactive

Normal / Suspicious / Pathological

Purpose

Assess placental function & oxygen supply

Detect fetal distress in real time

Can It Be Done at Home?

Yes (with certified device)

Not typically

When Is NST Recommended? 

Doctors typically recommend an NST in the following situations:

High-risk pregnancies: Women with gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, or hypertension are often asked to undergo weekly or bi-weekly NSTs from their third trimester.

Reduced fetal movement: If a mother notices fewer baby kicks than usual, an NST helps quickly assess whether the baby is in distress.

Post-term pregnancy: When a pregnancy extends beyond 40 weeks, NSTs help determine whether induction is necessary.

Multiple gestations: Twin or triplet pregnancies require closer fetal surveillance.

Previous pregnancy complications: Women who have experienced stillbirth, IUGR (Intrauterine Growth Restriction), or other complications in prior pregnancies.

Rh incompatibility or fetal anaemia: Where ongoing monitoring of fetal health is critical.

When Is CTG Recommended? 

CTG is standard practice in the following situations:

Active labour: Continuous CTG monitoring is the global standard for tracking fetal well-being during contractions.

Induction of labour: When labour is being artificially stimulated, CTG ensures the baby is tolerating the process.

High-risk labours: Epidural anaesthesia, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, or pre-existing maternal conditions require continuous CTG.

Suspected fetal distress: Abnormal NST results may lead the doctor to initiate continuous CTG monitoring.

Augmented labour: When oxytocin is used to strengthen contractions, CTG is mandated to ensure fetal safety.

How Each Test Is Performed 

NST (Non-Stress Test) Steps

Mother is seated reclined or lying on her left side

Gel is applied and a Doppler probe is placed to detect fetal heart rate

She may press a button when she feels fetal movement

Heart rate is monitored for 20 - 40 minutes

A reactive (normal) test shows at least two accelerations of 15 bpm lasting 15 seconds within 20 minutes

CTG (Cardiotocography) Steps

Mother lies in a semi-recumbent position

Two probes are attached: one for fetal heart rate and one (TOCO) for uterine contractions

The machine records both on a continuous trace

A clinician evaluates baseline rate, variability, accelerations, and decelerations

Monitoring continues throughout labour or until delivery 

What Do NST Results Mean?

Result

What It Means

What Happens Next

Reactive (Normal)

At least 2 accelerations in 20 minutes; baby appears healthy

Routine monitoring continues

Non-Reactive

Fewer than 2 accelerations in 40 minutes; inconclusive

Additional tests (BPP, Doppler study) ordered

Sinusoidal Pattern

Smooth, wave-like FHR; rare but serious

Immediate clinical evaluation

A non-reactive NST does not always mean the baby is in danger the baby may simply be asleep. Doctors typically extend the test or use a buzzer (vibroacoustic stimulation) to wake the baby before drawing conclusions.

What Do CTG Results Mean? 

CTG results are classified using international guidelines (FIGO / NICE) into three categories:

Category

Description

Clinical Action

Normal

Reassuring baseline, good variability, accelerations present, no decelerations

Continue labour normally

Suspicious

One non-reassuring feature

Correct reversible causes, increase surveillance

Pathological

Two or more non-reassuring features

Urgent intervention; possible emergency C-section

Key CTG parameters assessed include:

Baseline FHR: Normal range is 110 –160 bpm

Variability (STV): Beat-to-beat fluctuations; reduced variability can indicate fetal compromise

Accelerations: Rises in FHR associated with movement; a reassuring sign

Decelerations: Falls in FHR; classified as early, late, or variable each with different clinical significance

Can NST Be Done at Home? 

Yes, with the right device and clinical oversight, NST can be safely performed at home. This is especially valuable for high-risk pregnant women who would otherwise need to travel to a hospital every few days for routine monitoring.

Home NST allows:

Real-time monitoring of fetal heart rate from the comfort of home

Digital reports shared directly with the attending doctor

Reduced hospital visits, particularly valuable for women in the third trimester with mobility challenges

Immediate alerts if a concerning pattern is detected

However, home NST tests must always be conducted under a doctor's guidance, with results reviewed by a qualified healthcare professional. The device used must be medically certified and capable of accurate Doppler-based fetal heart rate detection.

How Janitri's Keyar Devices Support Both NST and CTG Monitoring 

Janitri is an India-based maternal and fetal health technology company with over 5 years of R&D in pregnancy monitoring. Their Keyar range of devices bridges the gap between hospital-grade CTG monitoring and accessible home-based NST making comprehensive fetal surveillance available to more mothers across India.

Keyar DT (Wireless & Portable NST/CTG Machine for Hospitals)

The Keyar DT is a wireless, portable fetal monitor equipped with familiar Doppler and TOCO probes. It is designed for:

Prenatal NST monitoring before labour

Electronic Fetal Monitoring (EFM) / CTG during labour

Real-time data relay to doctors via a mobile app, enabling remote clinical decision-making

Auto-interpretation of CTG parameters: baseline FHR, accelerations, STV, and more

Digital partograph updates following WHO guidelines

Monitoring up to 10 patients simultaneously

Unlike conventional CTG machines, Keyar DT is wireless and portable, offering the same monitoring quality with significantly greater flexibility for both patients and healthcare staff.

Keyar DT Lite  (Home NST Device for High-Risk Pregnancy)

The Keyar DT Lite is designed specifically for home-based NST monitoring. Key features include:

Medical-grade fetal Doppler with NST functionality

Ultrasound technology to detect and record fetal heartbeat

Fetal movement marker for accurate NST recording

Instant digital reports shared with the attending doctor

Available for purchase via Janitri's website or for use with Janitri's at-home service

Janitri also offers an at-home NST Device, where mothers can perform the NST using a Keyar device, and share results digitally with the treating doctor.

Keyar DT Max (Plus Premium Hospital-Grade Monitoring)

The Keyar DT Max Plus supports advanced monitoring with:

Live FHR, MHR (maternal heart rate), and uterine contraction graphs

Automated OSI (Organ Sustainability Index) values for postpartum haemorrhage risk detection

Auto-interpretation of blood pressure, SpO₂, and heart rate

Full digital patient records accessible via cloud dashboard

Compatible with Janitri's hospital software (Daksh) for end-to-end labour management

"Keyar CM is a path-breaking innovation which is very different from conventional CTGs available currently. It is very affordable, portable and easy to use and also provides real-time relay of the data with timely alerts and alarms." — Dr. Latha Venkatram, Senior Gynaecologist, Rangadore Memorial Hospital, Bangalore

Frequently Asked Questions 

Is NST and CTG the same test?

No, NST and CTG are not the same — though NST is often performed using a CTG machine. NST specifically refers to the antepartum (pre-labour) monitoring of fetal heart rate in response to the baby's movements, without any contractions. CTG refers to the full cardiotocographic recording of fetal heart rate and uterine contractions, primarily during labour.

Which is better  NST or CTG?

Neither is universally "better." They serve different clinical purposes. NST is the preferred tool for routine prenatal surveillance, particularly in high-risk pregnancies. CTG is the standard of care during labour to detect fetal distress in real time.

At what week is the NST test done?

NST is typically recommended from 28 weeks of pregnancy onward, as it relies on monitoring the fetal heart rate's response to movements. High-risk patients may begin weekly NSTs from 32–34 weeks.

Can I do NST at home in India?

Yes. Companies like Janitri offer both home NST devices (Keyar DT Lite) and at-home NST services (currently available in Bangalore), where certified professionals visit your home and perform the test using medical-grade equipment, with results shared digitally with your doctor.

[janitriblogs]

What Is a CTG Machine? Complete Guide to Cardiotocography Monitoring

What Is a CTG Machine?

A CTG machine, or cardiotocography machine, is a clinical device that simultaneously records:

Fetal Heart Rate (FHR): The baby's heartbeat, measured in beats per minute (bpm)

Uterine Contractions (UC): The frequency, duration, and intensity of contractions

The output is a dual-channel printed or digital trace called a cardiotocogram (CTG trace), which obstetricians and midwives interpret to evaluate fetal well-being; both during labor and in the antepartum (pre-labor) period.

Why CTG monitoring matters: According to the WHO, intrapartum fetal distress is one of the leading causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality globally. CTG monitoring is the most widely used method to detect early signs of fetal compromise and prevent adverse birth outcomes.

CTG machines are used across a spectrum of healthcare settings:

Cardiotocography machine for hospitals — high-volume, multi-bed setups with central monitoring

Cardiotocography machine for clinics and maternity clinics — compact, single-patient units

CTG machine for nursing homes — affordable, easy-to-operate models with essential features

CTG machine for healthcare centres — portable or mid-range models suited for primary care

How Does a CTG Machine Work?

A CTG monitoring machine uses two primary transducers placed on the mother's abdomen:

Transducer

What It Measures

Technology Used

Ultrasound transducer

Fetal heart rate

Doppler ultrasound

Tocodynamometer (TOCO)

Uterine contractions

Pressure-sensitive sensor

Data flow:

Sensors capture real-time signals from the mother's abdomen

The machine processes the analog signals into digital waveforms

The output is printed on CTG machine paper (thermal roll) or displayed on a screen

Clinicians analyze patterns such as baseline FHR, variability, accelerations, and decelerations

Normal fetal heart rate range: 110–160 bpm. Patterns outside this range, or the absence of accelerations, may indicate fetal compromise and require immediate clinical review.

Who Performs and Interprets CTG Monitoring?

CTG monitoring is performed by trained midwives, nurses, or obstetricians in hospital labor wards, maternity clinics, and antepartum assessment units. Interpretation follows standardized guidelines such as those from FIGO (International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics) and NICE (UK). In India, the National Health Mission (NHM) guidelines recommend CTG monitoring for all high-risk pregnancies at district and tertiary hospitals.

How to Read a CTG Trace: Key Parameters

A CTG trace is evaluated on five core parameters:

Parameter

What It Means

Normal Range

Baseline FHR

Average fetal heart rate over 10 minutes

110–160 bpm

Variability

Beat-to-beat fluctuations in FHR

5–25 bpm

Accelerations

Transient FHR increases

≥15 bpm for ≥15 seconds

Decelerations

Transient FHR decreases

Classified as early, late, or variable

Uterine contractions

Frequency and duration of contractions

≤5 in 10 minutes (normal)

Clinicians classify a CTG trace as normal, suspicious, or pathological based on these parameters, following FIGO or NICE guidelines. A normal (reactive) CTG trace with good variability and accelerations typically indicates fetal well-being.

CTG Machine Steps (Modern NST/CTG – A4 Report + Mobile App)

Set up the CTG device — Turn on the machine and connect it to the mobile app for real-time monitoring.

Position the patient correctly — Keep the mother in a semi-reclining or left lateral position for accurate readings.

Place CTG probes — Attach the fetal heart rate probe and contraction (toco) probe on the abdomen.

Secure and check signals — Fix probes with belts and ensure a clear, continuous fetal heart rate signal.

Start NST/CTG recording — Begin the test and monitor fetal heart rate and uterine contractions live on the app.

Monitor for 20 minutes — Observe patterns, variability, and movements during the test duration.

Generate A4 report & save digitally — Download/print the CTG report on an A4 sheet and store it in the mobile app for easy tracking and long-term records.

CTG Monitoring Machine vs. Fetal Monitor: Key Differences

These terms are often used interchangeably, but there are subtle distinctions:

Feature

CTG Monitoring Machine

Basic Fetal Doppler Monitor

What it records

FHR + uterine contractions

FHR only

Output

Printed trace + digital display

Audio/digital display only

Clinical use

Labor ward, antepartum assessment

Quick spot checks in OPD

Cost

₹40,000 – ₹5,00,000+

₹3,000 – ₹25,000

Setting

Hospitals, maternity clinics

Primary clinics, home use

A fetal monitor CTG machine is the correct term when the device combines both Doppler FHR monitoring and tocometry (contraction monitoring) in a single unit, which is the standard definition of a CTG machine.

Types of CTG Machines

By Monitoring Channel

Type

Description

Best For

Single-fetal CTG machine

Monitors one baby at a time

Standard clinics, nursing homes

Twin-fetal CTG machine

Simultaneous monitoring of two fetuses

Twin pregnancies, high-risk units

Multi-bed CTG system

Central station + 4–12 bedside units

Labor wards in hospitals

CTG Machine Price in India (2025)

Category

Price Range (INR)

Best For

Basic portable CTG machine

₹40,000 – ₹80,000

Nursing homes, primary clinics

Mid-range wireless CTG

₹80,000 – ₹2,00,000

Maternity clinics, healthcare centers

Advanced multi-bed system

₹2,00,000 – ₹5,00,000+

Hospital labor wards, central monitoring

Prices vary by features, brand, and procurement model (outright purchase vs. subscription). Government and NHM empanelled institutions may be eligible for subsidized pricing.

Janitri Keyar DT Best Wireless & Portable CTG Machine

For clinicians looking for the best CTG machine that combines wireless freedom, portability, and smart digital features, the Janitri Keyar DT stands out as a leading Indian-made solution.

What Is the Keyar DT?

The Keyar DT is a wireless and portable fetal monitor developed by Janitri, a Bengaluru-based maternal health technology company backed by UNICEF, AIIMS, and the Government of India. It uses familiar Doppler and TOCO probes in a wireless avatar, making it suitable for both prenatal NST monitoring and electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) during labor.

Key Features

Feature

Details

Wireless probes

Doppler + TOCO — no cables, full patient mobility

Remote monitoring

Live graphs accessible on the doctor's mobile app, anytime

Auto-interpreted reports

Baseline, acceleration, STV, and other CTG parameters analyzed automatically

Twin monitoring

Monitors both fetuses simultaneously

Digital partograph

Automated WHO-guideline partograph plotting during labor

Cloud storage

Past reports stored and retrievable on demand

Central monitoring

Connect multiple devices to a central nursing station

Portable & compact

Designed for easy transport across wards and facilities

Price

₹5,990 (current listed price on Janitri website)

Who Is It Designed For?

The Keyar DT is purpose-built for:

Cardiotocography machine for hospitals — ward-wide or centralized wireless monitoring

Cardiotocography machine for maternity clinics — active labor support with patient mobility

CTG machine for nursing homes — affordable, easy to operate with minimal training

CTG machine for healthcare centers and medical clinics — smart digital reporting without heavy infrastructure

Portable CTG machine for hospitals — movement between beds, HDU, emergency departments

Frequently Asked Questions About CTG Machines

What is the normal fetal heart rate on a CTG machine?

The normal fetal heart rate range is 110–160 beats per minute (bpm). Values consistently below 110 bpm (bradycardia) or above 160 bpm (tachycardia) may indicate fetal distress and require immediate clinical assessment.

How long does a CTG test take?

A standard NST/CTG test takes 20–40 minutes. If the baby is inactive or results are non-reactive, the test may be extended to 60 minutes or repeated.

What is the difference between NST and CTG?

NST (Non-Stress Test) is a type of CTG monitoring performed before labor to assess fetal well-being without inducing contractions. CTG (cardiotocography) is the broader term that includes both antepartum NST and intrapartum (during-labor) monitoring.

Is CTG monitoring safe for the baby?

Yes. CTG uses external Doppler ultrasound and pressure sensors — no radiation is involved. It is a non-invasive procedure considered safe for both mother and baby.

When is CTG monitoring recommended?

CTG is typically recommended from 28 weeks of pregnancy onward, particularly for high-risk pregnancies (diabetes, hypertension, IUGR), post-term pregnancies, and during active labor.

What is a reactive CTG result?

A reactive (normal) NST shows at least two fetal heart rate accelerations of 15 bpm above baseline, each lasting 15 seconds or more, within a 20-minute window. A non-reactive result warrants further evaluation.

[janitriblogs]

Pregnancy Heartbeat Monitor: Everything You Need to Know

What Is a Pregnancy Heartbeat Monitor?

A pregnancy heartbeat monitor is a compact ultrasound device that picks up your baby's heartbeat through your belly, letting you listen in from home. Think of it as a pocket-sized version of what your OB-GYN uses during prenatal checkups.

Also called a fetal Doppler, fetal heart rate monitor, or baby heartbeat detector, these devices are available in both clinical versions used by medical professionals and FDA-cleared at-home versions for expectant parents who want reassurance between scheduled visits.

They serve two broad purposes: clinical monitoring by healthcare providers during prenatal appointments and labour, and home bonding, where parents listen to their baby's heartbeat simply to feel connected and at ease.

Key Statistics 

Stat

Value

What It Means

Normal fetal BPM range

110-160 BPM

Healthy heartbeat zone in 2nd and 3rd trimester

Earliest reliable home detection

12 weeks

Before this the uterus is still inside the pelvis

Typical probe frequency

2 MHz

Standard for mid-to-late pregnancy detection

Accuracy in clinical home-use trials (PMC 2021)

97%

Comparable to hospital monitoring in home settings

How Does a Fetal Doppler Work?

If you've ever wondered what's actually happening inside that little handheld device, the science is surprisingly straightforward. A fetal Doppler sends ultrasound waves into your abdomen and listens for the echo that bounces back off your baby's moving heart.

More precisely, it uses the Doppler effect, which is how sound waves shift in frequency when reflected off something in motion, like heart valves opening and closing or blood moving through vessels. The device captures that frequency shift and converts it into the rhythmic thumping sound you hear through the speaker, while an LCD screen shows you the beats per minute (BPM) in real time.

Tip

Listening tip: The fetal heartbeat sounds like galloping horses - fast and rhythmic, clocking in at 120-160 BPM. A slower whooshing sound is usually the placenta. Your own pulse will read 60-100 BPM on the display, which is the easiest way to tell the two apart.

Doppler vs. Cardiotocography (CTG)

In hospitals, cardiotocography (CTG) is the gold standard for continuous fetal monitoring during labor. It simultaneously records fetal heart rate and uterine contractions. Home fetal Dopplers, by contrast, are designed for intermittent listening only and do not record continuous traces or measure contractions. According to a 2021 clinical trial published in PMC/NCBI, a wireless home heartbeat monitor recorded fetal heart rate data equivalent to standard clinical protocols in 97% of participant-administered sessions. 

When Can You Start Using a Pregnancy Heartbeat Monitor?

One of the most common questions new moms ask is when it's safe to start listening at home. For a detailed breakdown, check this When Can You Hear Baby Heartbeat with Doppler (Week by Week).

Trying too early often leads to frustration not because anything is wrong, but because the baby’s position is still too deep to detect.

Most home fetal Dopplers can reliably detect a baby's heartbeat from 12 to 16 weeks. Before 12 weeks, the uterus sits inside the pelvis, making detection difficult. Waiting until at least 16 weeks improves accuracy and reduces stress. You can also explore this week-by-week heartbeat detection guide to understand what to expect at each stage.

Pregnancy Stage

Weeks

Detection Likelihood

Notes

Early First Trimester

6-10 wks

Very unlikely

Uterus inside pelvis; heartbeat too faint

Late First Trimester

10-12 wks

Possible, not reliable

Only under ideal conditions; not recommended

Early Second Trimester

12-16 wks

Likely, with patience

Recommended minimum starting point

Second Trimester

16-28 wks

Reliable

Best window for clear, consistent readings

Third Trimester

28-40 wks

Very reliable

Baby position matters; may need repositioning

Warning

Important: Not hearing a heartbeat before 16 weeks does not necessarily indicate a problem. Device position, body type, uterus position, and baby's location all affect detection. Never use a home monitor to assess fetal distress. Contact your doctor or midwife if you have concerns.

Normal Fetal Heart Rate by Pregnancy Week

When you finally hear that rapid thumping, your first instinct is probably to check the number on the screen and wonder if it's normal. The good news is that fetal heart rates follow a predictable pattern across pregnancy, so there's a clear range you can use as your reference.

Generally speaking, a healthy fetal heart rate sits between 110 and 160 beats per minute (BPM). It starts lower in the very early weeks as the heart is just beginning to form, climbs to a peak around 9-10 weeks, and gradually eases back down as the baby's nervous system matures. Rates that consistently fall below 110 BPM (bradycardia) or rise above 160 BPM (tachycardia) are worth a conversation with your doctor.

Gestational Age

Normal Heart Rate

Clinical Note

6-8 weeks

90-110 BPM

Heart just beginning to form and beat

9-10 weeks

140-170 BPM

Peak heart rate in first trimester

11-14 weeks

150-165 BPM

Detectable via Doppler ultrasound at OB visits

15-28 weeks

120-160 BPM

Home Doppler detection most reliable

29-40 weeks

110-160 BPM

Slight decrease as nervous system matures

According to Johns Hopkins Medicine, the average fetal heart rate across pregnancy is between 110 and 160 BPM, with normal variability of 5 to 25 BPM. The fetal heart is one of the first organs to develop, beginning to beat by the sixth week of gestation.

How to Use a Pregnancy Heartbeat Monitor at Home

Getting a clear reading on your first try is not always guaranteed, and that's completely normal. A bit of technique goes a long way. Here's a step-by-step walkthrough that makes the whole process calmer and more effective.

Step 1: Wait until at least 12-16 weeks

Before 12 weeks, the uterus sits within the pelvis and most home devices simply cannot reach the baby. Waiting also reduces the anxiety of a 'failed' session that has no clinical significance whatsoever.

Step 2: Gather your supplies

You'll need your fetal Doppler, water-based ultrasound gel, tissues or a small towel, and fresh batteries. A quiet room with no background noise makes it much easier to hear.

Step 3: Recline comfortably

Lie flat on a bed or sofa, or recline with your feet slightly elevated. Relaxing your abdominal muscles is key. A partially full bladder can gently push the uterus upward, which helps with detection in early pregnancy.

Step 4: Apply ultrasound gel

Apply a generous amount of gel to your lower abdomen. The gel eliminates air pockets between the probe and your skin that would otherwise block the ultrasound waves entirely. Never skip this step.

Step 5: Start low and move slowly

Place the probe just above your pubic bone at a slight downward angle. Gently rock and glide it upward in small movements toward your belly button. Cover each area methodically and avoid sweeping too quickly.

Step 6: Identify the heartbeat

Listen for the galloping horse sound at 120-160 BPM. Your own heartbeat reads 60-100 BPM. A low whooshing sound is usually the placenta. Always confirm using the BPM number on the device display.

Step 7: Keep sessions short

Limit each session to 2-5 minutes. If you cannot find the heartbeat within that window, switch off and try again the next day. Searching longer out of anxiety does not provide any useful medical information.

Types of Pregnancy Heartbeat Monitors

Shopping for a fetal monitor can feel overwhelming when you see how many options are out there. The key is knowing which type matches your stage of pregnancy and what you actually want to do with it, whether that's quick home listening or detailed tracking.

Type

Technology

Detects From

Best For

Price Range.

Handheld Fetal Doppler

Ultrasound (2-3 MHz)

12-16 weeks

At-home reassurance

Rs. 2,500-7,500

Bluetooth Fetal Doppler

Ultrasound + App

12-16 weeks

Recording, tracking, sharing

Rs. 5,000-12,500

Wearable Fetal Monitor

Piezoelectric sensor

28-32 weeks

Hands-free heart rate tracking

Rs. 12,500-33,000

Fetal Stethoscope

Acoustic (no electronics)

18-20 weeks

Midwife use, natural births

Rs. 800-3,300

Clinical CTG Monitor

Electronic fetal monitoring

Any gestational age

Hospital/labor monitoring

Professional use only

Is a Pregnancy Heartbeat Monitor Safe? What the FDA Says

Safety is understandably the first thing on every mother's mind before picking up one of these devices. The reassuring reality is that when used sensibly, FDA-cleared home fetal Dopplers carry no known risks and have been in widespread clinical use for decades.

They use low-intensity ultrasound waves, not ionizing radiation, so there is no x-ray exposure involved. The FDA's guidance focuses mainly on how you use the device rather than the technology itself, emphasizing moderation, correct technique, and choosing only cleared, certified products.

Key FDA Safety Guidelines for Home Fetal Monitors

Only purchase FDA-cleared devices. Look for the FDA 510(k) clearance number in the product description. Uncertified devices may be inaccurate or operate at higher power levels.

Avoid prolonged sessions. The FDA recommends against extended, unguided use. The principle of ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) applies: use as little ultrasound exposure as needed to accomplish your goal.

Never use it for medical diagnosis. Home monitors cannot detect fetal distress, umbilical cord problems, or placental complications. Only clinical-grade monitoring by a trained healthcare professional can do that.

Do not skip prenatal appointments. A home fetal Doppler should complement your scheduled OB-GYN or midwife visits, not replace them. It is a bonding tool, not a medical substitute.

Warning

Critical Warning: A false sense of reassurance from a home heartbeat monitor is dangerous. If you notice reduced fetal movement, call your doctor immediately. Do not attempt to use a home Doppler to self-assess. Reduced movement with an apparently normal heartbeat reading is still a medical emergency.

What to Look for When Buying a Pregnancy Heartbeat Monitor

Not all fetal Dopplers are built the same, and a cheap, uncertified device can give you inaccurate readings or simply not work at all. Before you buy, run through these key features to make sure you're getting something reliable and worth the investment.

Feature

Why It Matters

What to Look For

FDA Clearance

Confirms safety and accuracy standards

Look for 510(k) number in product details

Probe Frequency

Affects depth of detection

2 MHz for standard; 3 MHz for early pregnancy

BPM Display

Confirms baby's vs. your own heartbeat

Digital LCD with real-time BPM readout

Speaker + Headphone Jack

Flexibility for shared or private listening

Built-in speaker plus 3.5mm jack

App Connectivity

Recording and sharing baby's heartbeat

Bluetooth + companion app (iOS & Android)

Ultrasound Gel Included

Essential for device function

Gel in the box or separately available

BPM Accuracy

Reliable readings prevent false alarms

+/- 2 BPM or better

Tip

HSA/FSA Tip: Many FDA-cleared fetal Dopplers qualify for Health Savings Account (HSA) or Flexible Spending Account (FSA) reimbursement. Always check with your plan administrator and hold on to your purchase receipt.

Janitri Keyar Echo

After looking at dozens of home fetal Dopplers across price points, features, and real-world user feedback, one product keeps standing out for Indian expectant mothers: the Janitri Keyar Echo. It was built by Janitri Innovations, a maternal health technology company that went on Shark Tank India and earned backing for exactly this kind of thoughtful, clinically grounded product.

EDITOR'S PICK  |  AS SEEN ON SHARK TANK INDIA

Janitri Keyar Echo

Smart Handheld Fetal Doppler  |  Bluetooth  |  Built-in Speaker

Rs. 3,990  Rs. 10,000   60% OFF

EMI from Rs. 175/month  |  30-day replacement guarantee

Buy Now: https://mothers.janitri.in/products/keyar-echo

Also available on Amazon, Flipkart & FirstCry

Why We Recommend the Keyar Echo

Feature

Keyar Echo

Why It Matters

Bluetooth Connectivity

Yes

Record and share the heartbeat via the Janitri for Mothers app

Digital BPM Display

Yes

Confirms fetal BPM vs. your own, no guesswork involved

Built-in Speaker

Yes

Hear the heartbeat clearly without headphones

Weight

180g

Light enough to carry in your handbag anywhere

Gel Included

Yes

Ready to use out of the box, nothing extra to buy

IP Rating

IP22

Basic splash resistance for everyday handling

Made for India

Yes

Designed and clinically tested in India

Tip

Pro Tip: The Keyar Echo pairs with the Janitri for Mothers app (iOS & Android). You can record your baby's heartbeat audio, track readings over time, and share directly with your OB-GYN between visits - a genuinely useful feature that most basic Dopplers skip entirely.

Quick Specs

Specification

Detail

Detection from

18 weeks of pregnancy

BPM range

50-250 BPM

Connectivity

Bluetooth

Speaker

Built-in

Display

Digital LCD

Weight

180g (including battery)

Dimensions

53 x 43 x 145 mm

IP Rating

IP22

In the Box

Device + Ultrasound Gel + Charging Cable + User Manual

Where to Buy the Keyar Echo

Platform

Availability

Details

Janitri Official Website

In Stock

mothers.janitri.in/products/keyar-echo

Amazon India

Available

Search 'Janitri Keyar Echo'

FirstCry

Available

Search 'Janitri Keyar Echo'

Flipkart

Available

Search 'Janitri Keyar Echo'

Delivery Note: Orders from the official Janitri website are dispatched within 24 hours with an estimated delivery of 1-2 working days. The product includes a 30-day replacement guarantee if it arrives damaged.

Frequently Asked Questions

Here are the questions we hear most often from expectant parents, answered as clearly as possible.

Q: What is a pregnancy heartbeat monitor?

device that uses sound waves to detect and amplify a baby's heartbeat through the mother's abdomen. It's used clinically by OB-GYNs during prenatal checkups and is available as a home device for parents wanting to listen between visits.

Q: When can I start using a heartbeat monitor at home?

Most home fetal Dopplers can reliably detect a baby's heartbeat from 12 to 16 weeks of pregnancy. Before 12 weeks, the uterus sits inside the pelvis, making the heartbeat very difficult to pick up. Many experts recommend waiting until at least 16 weeks for the most consistent results at home.

Q: What is a normal baby heartbeat on a fetal monitor?

A normal fetal heart rate is 110 to 160 beats per minute (BPM). Rates can vary by 5 to 25 BPM. In the first trimester the rate peaks around 170 BPM before gradually settling. Rates consistently above 160 BPM or below 110 BPM should be evaluated by a healthcare provider.

Q: Are at-home fetal heartbeat monitors safe?

FDA-cleared home fetal Dopplers are generally safe when used correctly and in moderation. They use low-intensity ultrasound waves, not radiation. Best practices include limiting sessions to 2-5 minutes, using only FDA-cleared devices, and never using the device as a replacement for your prenatal appointments.

Q: I can't find the heartbeat - should I be worried?

Not necessarily. Before 16 weeks, the heartbeat may be difficult to detect even with a working device. Baby position, body type, and placenta location all affect detection. If you are past 16 weeks and consistently cannot find the heartbeat, contact your OB-GYN or midwife rather than searching repeatedly with the monitor.

Q: What is the difference between a fetal Doppler and a fetal stethoscope?

A fetal Doppler is an electronic device that uses ultrasound waves to amplify the heartbeat, making it audible from around 12 weeks. A fetal stethoscope (fetoscope) is a non-electronic acoustic tool that relies on sound conduction only and typically cannot detect a heartbeat before 18-20 weeks. It also requires trained technique to use effectively.

Q: Can I use a fetal heartbeat monitor with twins?

Yes, but distinguishing two separate heartbeats is difficult with a standard home Doppler. If you suspect you've heard more than one heartbeat, consult your healthcare provider for clarification through a clinical ultrasound rather than relying on the home device.

Medical Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional prenatal care. Always consult your OB-GYN or midwife before using any home fetal monitoring device.

[janitriblogs]

Pregnancy Heartbeat Monitor: Everything You Need to Know

What Is a Pregnancy Heartbeat Monitor?

A pregnancy heartbeat monitor is a compact ultrasound device that picks up your baby's heartbeat through your belly, letting you listen in from home. Think of it as a pocket-sized version of what your OB-GYN uses during prenatal checkups.

Also called a fetal Doppler, fetal heart rate monitor, or baby heartbeat detector, these devices are available in both clinical versions used by medical professionals and FDA-cleared at-home versions for expectant parents who want reassurance between scheduled visits.

They serve two broad purposes: clinical monitoring by healthcare providers during prenatal appointments and labour, and home bonding, where parents listen to their baby's heartbeat simply to feel connected and at ease.

Key Statistics 

Stat

Value

What It Means

Normal fetal BPM range

110-160 BPM

Healthy heartbeat zone in 2nd and 3rd trimester

Earliest reliable home detection

12 weeks

Before this the uterus is still inside the pelvis

Typical probe frequency

2 MHz

Standard for mid-to-late pregnancy detection

Accuracy in clinical home-use trials (PMC 2021)

97%

Comparable to hospital monitoring in home settings

How Does a Fetal Doppler Work?

If you've ever wondered what's actually happening inside that little handheld device, the science is surprisingly straightforward. A fetal Doppler sends ultrasound waves into your abdomen and listens for the echo that bounces back off your baby's moving heart.

More precisely, it uses the Doppler effect, which is how sound waves shift in frequency when reflected off something in motion, like heart valves opening and closing or blood moving through vessels. The device captures that frequency shift and converts it into the rhythmic thumping sound you hear through the speaker, while an LCD screen shows you the beats per minute (BPM) in real time.

Tip

Listening tip: The fetal heartbeat sounds like galloping horses - fast and rhythmic, clocking in at 120-160 BPM. A slower whooshing sound is usually the placenta. Your own pulse will read 60-100 BPM on the display, which is the easiest way to tell the two apart.

Doppler vs. Cardiotocography (CTG)

In hospitals, cardiotocography (CTG) is the gold standard for continuous fetal monitoring during labor. It simultaneously records fetal heart rate and uterine contractions. Home fetal Dopplers, by contrast, are designed for intermittent listening only and do not record continuous traces or measure contractions. According to a 2021 clinical trial published in PMC/NCBI, a wireless home heartbeat monitor recorded fetal heart rate data equivalent to standard clinical protocols in 97% of participant-administered sessions. 

When Can You Start Using a Pregnancy Heartbeat Monitor?

One of the most common questions new moms ask is when it's safe to start listening at home. For a detailed breakdown, check this When Can You Hear Baby Heartbeat with Doppler (Week by Week).

Trying too early often leads to frustration not because anything is wrong, but because the baby’s position is still too deep to detect.

Most home fetal Dopplers can reliably detect a baby's heartbeat from 12 to 16 weeks. Before 12 weeks, the uterus sits inside the pelvis, making detection difficult. Waiting until at least 16 weeks improves accuracy and reduces stress. You can also explore this week-by-week heartbeat detection guide to understand what to expect at each stage.

Pregnancy Stage

Weeks

Detection Likelihood

Notes

Early First Trimester

6-10 wks

Very unlikely

Uterus inside pelvis; heartbeat too faint

Late First Trimester

10-12 wks

Possible, not reliable

Only under ideal conditions; not recommended

Early Second Trimester

12-16 wks

Likely, with patience

Recommended minimum starting point

Second Trimester

16-28 wks

Reliable

Best window for clear, consistent readings

Third Trimester

28-40 wks

Very reliable

Baby position matters; may need repositioning

Warning

Important: Not hearing a heartbeat before 16 weeks does not necessarily indicate a problem. Device position, body type, uterus position, and baby's location all affect detection. Never use a home monitor to assess fetal distress. Contact your doctor or midwife if you have concerns.

Normal Fetal Heart Rate by Pregnancy Week

When you finally hear that rapid thumping, your first instinct is probably to check the number on the screen and wonder if it's normal. The good news is that fetal heart rates follow a predictable pattern across pregnancy, so there's a clear range you can use as your reference.

Generally speaking, a healthy fetal heart rate sits between 110 and 160 beats per minute (BPM). It starts lower in the very early weeks as the heart is just beginning to form, climbs to a peak around 9-10 weeks, and gradually eases back down as the baby's nervous system matures. Rates that consistently fall below 110 BPM (bradycardia) or rise above 160 BPM (tachycardia) are worth a conversation with your doctor.

Gestational Age

Normal Heart Rate

Clinical Note

6-8 weeks

90-110 BPM

Heart just beginning to form and beat

9-10 weeks

140-170 BPM

Peak heart rate in first trimester

11-14 weeks

150-165 BPM

Detectable via Doppler ultrasound at OB visits

15-28 weeks

120-160 BPM

Home Doppler detection most reliable

29-40 weeks

110-160 BPM

Slight decrease as nervous system matures

According to Johns Hopkins Medicine, the average fetal heart rate across pregnancy is between 110 and 160 BPM, with normal variability of 5 to 25 BPM. The fetal heart is one of the first organs to develop, beginning to beat by the sixth week of gestation.

How to Use a Pregnancy Heartbeat Monitor at Home

Getting a clear reading on your first try is not always guaranteed, and that's completely normal. A bit of technique goes a long way. Here's a step-by-step walkthrough that makes the whole process calmer and more effective.

Step 1: Wait until at least 12-16 weeks

Before 12 weeks, the uterus sits within the pelvis and most home devices simply cannot reach the baby. Waiting also reduces the anxiety of a 'failed' session that has no clinical significance whatsoever.

Step 2: Gather your supplies

You'll need your fetal Doppler, water-based ultrasound gel, tissues or a small towel, and fresh batteries. A quiet room with no background noise makes it much easier to hear.

Step 3: Recline comfortably

Lie flat on a bed or sofa, or recline with your feet slightly elevated. Relaxing your abdominal muscles is key. A partially full bladder can gently push the uterus upward, which helps with detection in early pregnancy.

Step 4: Apply ultrasound gel

Apply a generous amount of gel to your lower abdomen. The gel eliminates air pockets between the probe and your skin that would otherwise block the ultrasound waves entirely. Never skip this step.

Step 5: Start low and move slowly

Place the probe just above your pubic bone at a slight downward angle. Gently rock and glide it upward in small movements toward your belly button. Cover each area methodically and avoid sweeping too quickly.

Step 6: Identify the heartbeat

Listen for the galloping horse sound at 120-160 BPM. Your own heartbeat reads 60-100 BPM. A low whooshing sound is usually the placenta. Always confirm using the BPM number on the device display.

Step 7: Keep sessions short

Limit each session to 2-5 minutes. If you cannot find the heartbeat within that window, switch off and try again the next day. Searching longer out of anxiety does not provide any useful medical information.

Types of Pregnancy Heartbeat Monitors

Shopping for a fetal monitor can feel overwhelming when you see how many options are out there. The key is knowing which type matches your stage of pregnancy and what you actually want to do with it, whether that's quick home listening or detailed tracking.

Type

Technology

Detects From

Best For

Price Range.

Handheld Fetal Doppler

Ultrasound (2-3 MHz)

12-16 weeks

At-home reassurance

Rs. 2,500-7,500

Bluetooth Fetal Doppler

Ultrasound + App

12-16 weeks

Recording, tracking, sharing

Rs. 5,000-12,500

Wearable Fetal Monitor

Piezoelectric sensor

28-32 weeks

Hands-free heart rate tracking

Rs. 12,500-33,000

Fetal Stethoscope

Acoustic (no electronics)

18-20 weeks

Midwife use, natural births

Rs. 800-3,300

Clinical CTG Monitor

Electronic fetal monitoring

Any gestational age

Hospital/labor monitoring

Professional use only

Is a Pregnancy Heartbeat Monitor Safe? What the FDA Says

Safety is understandably the first thing on every mother's mind before picking up one of these devices. The reassuring reality is that when used sensibly, FDA-cleared home fetal Dopplers carry no known risks and have been in widespread clinical use for decades.

They use low-intensity ultrasound waves, not ionizing radiation, so there is no x-ray exposure involved. The FDA's guidance focuses mainly on how you use the device rather than the technology itself, emphasizing moderation, correct technique, and choosing only cleared, certified products.

Key FDA Safety Guidelines for Home Fetal Monitors

Only purchase FDA-cleared devices. Look for the FDA 510(k) clearance number in the product description. Uncertified devices may be inaccurate or operate at higher power levels.

Avoid prolonged sessions. The FDA recommends against extended, unguided use. The principle of ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) applies: use as little ultrasound exposure as needed to accomplish your goal.

Never use it for medical diagnosis. Home monitors cannot detect fetal distress, umbilical cord problems, or placental complications. Only clinical-grade monitoring by a trained healthcare professional can do that.

Do not skip prenatal appointments. A home fetal Doppler should complement your scheduled OB-GYN or midwife visits, not replace them. It is a bonding tool, not a medical substitute.

Warning

Critical Warning: A false sense of reassurance from a home heartbeat monitor is dangerous. If you notice reduced fetal movement, call your doctor immediately. Do not attempt to use a home Doppler to self-assess. Reduced movement with an apparently normal heartbeat reading is still a medical emergency.

What to Look for When Buying a Pregnancy Heartbeat Monitor

Not all fetal Dopplers are built the same, and a cheap, uncertified device can give you inaccurate readings or simply not work at all. Before you buy, run through these key features to make sure you're getting something reliable and worth the investment.

Feature

Why It Matters

What to Look For

FDA Clearance

Confirms safety and accuracy standards

Look for 510(k) number in product details

Probe Frequency

Affects depth of detection

2 MHz for standard; 3 MHz for early pregnancy

BPM Display

Confirms baby's vs. your own heartbeat

Digital LCD with real-time BPM readout

Speaker + Headphone Jack

Flexibility for shared or private listening

Built-in speaker plus 3.5mm jack

App Connectivity

Recording and sharing baby's heartbeat

Bluetooth + companion app (iOS & Android)

Ultrasound Gel Included

Essential for device function

Gel in the box or separately available

BPM Accuracy

Reliable readings prevent false alarms

+/- 2 BPM or better

Tip

HSA/FSA Tip: Many FDA-cleared fetal Dopplers qualify for Health Savings Account (HSA) or Flexible Spending Account (FSA) reimbursement. Always check with your plan administrator and hold on to your purchase receipt.

Janitri Keyar Echo

After looking at dozens of home fetal Dopplers across price points, features, and real-world user feedback, one product keeps standing out for Indian expectant mothers: the Janitri Keyar Echo. It was built by Janitri Innovations, a maternal health technology company that went on Shark Tank India and earned backing for exactly this kind of thoughtful, clinically grounded product.

EDITOR'S PICK  |  AS SEEN ON SHARK TANK INDIA

Janitri Keyar Echo

Smart Handheld Fetal Doppler  |  Bluetooth  |  Built-in Speaker

Rs. 3,990  Rs. 10,000   60% OFF

EMI from Rs. 175/month  |  30-day replacement guarantee

Buy Now: https://mothers.janitri.in/products/keyar-echo

Also available on Amazon, Flipkart & FirstCry

Why We Recommend the Keyar Echo

Feature

Keyar Echo

Why It Matters

Bluetooth Connectivity

Yes

Record and share the heartbeat via the Janitri for Mothers app

Digital BPM Display

Yes

Confirms fetal BPM vs. your own, no guesswork involved

Built-in Speaker

Yes

Hear the heartbeat clearly without headphones

Weight

180g

Light enough to carry in your handbag anywhere

Gel Included

Yes

Ready to use out of the box, nothing extra to buy

IP Rating

IP22

Basic splash resistance for everyday handling

Made for India

Yes

Designed and clinically tested in India

Tip

Pro Tip: The Keyar Echo pairs with the Janitri for Mothers app (iOS & Android). You can record your baby's heartbeat audio, track readings over time, and share directly with your OB-GYN between visits - a genuinely useful feature that most basic Dopplers skip entirely.

Quick Specs

Specification

Detail

Detection from

18 weeks of pregnancy

BPM range

50-250 BPM

Connectivity

Bluetooth

Speaker

Built-in

Display

Digital LCD

Weight

180g (including battery)

Dimensions

53 x 43 x 145 mm

IP Rating

IP22

In the Box

Device + Ultrasound Gel + Charging Cable + User Manual

Where to Buy the Keyar Echo

Platform

Availability

Details

Janitri Official Website

In Stock

mothers.janitri.in/products/keyar-echo

Amazon India

Available

Search 'Janitri Keyar Echo'

FirstCry

Available

Search 'Janitri Keyar Echo'

Flipkart

Available

Search 'Janitri Keyar Echo'

Delivery Note: Orders from the official Janitri website are dispatched within 24 hours with an estimated delivery of 1-2 working days. The product includes a 30-day replacement guarantee if it arrives damaged.

Frequently Asked Questions

Here are the questions we hear most often from expectant parents, answered as clearly as possible.

Q: What is a pregnancy heartbeat monitor?

device that uses sound waves to detect and amplify a baby's heartbeat through the mother's abdomen. It's used clinically by OB-GYNs during prenatal checkups and is available as a home device for parents wanting to listen between visits.

Q: When can I start using a heartbeat monitor at home?

Most home fetal Dopplers can reliably detect a baby's heartbeat from 12 to 16 weeks of pregnancy. Before 12 weeks, the uterus sits inside the pelvis, making the heartbeat very difficult to pick up. Many experts recommend waiting until at least 16 weeks for the most consistent results at home.

Q: What is a normal baby heartbeat on a fetal monitor?

A normal fetal heart rate is 110 to 160 beats per minute (BPM). Rates can vary by 5 to 25 BPM. In the first trimester the rate peaks around 170 BPM before gradually settling. Rates consistently above 160 BPM or below 110 BPM should be evaluated by a healthcare provider.

Q: Are at-home fetal heartbeat monitors safe?

FDA-cleared home fetal Dopplers are generally safe when used correctly and in moderation. They use low-intensity ultrasound waves, not radiation. Best practices include limiting sessions to 2-5 minutes, using only FDA-cleared devices, and never using the device as a replacement for your prenatal appointments.

Q: I can't find the heartbeat - should I be worried?

Not necessarily. Before 16 weeks, the heartbeat may be difficult to detect even with a working device. Baby position, body type, and placenta location all affect detection. If you are past 16 weeks and consistently cannot find the heartbeat, contact your OB-GYN or midwife rather than searching repeatedly with the monitor.

Q: What is the difference between a fetal Doppler and a fetal stethoscope?

A fetal Doppler is an electronic device that uses ultrasound waves to amplify the heartbeat, making it audible from around 12 weeks. A fetal stethoscope (fetoscope) is a non-electronic acoustic tool that relies on sound conduction only and typically cannot detect a heartbeat before 18-20 weeks. It also requires trained technique to use effectively.

Q: Can I use a fetal heartbeat monitor with twins?

Yes, but distinguishing two separate heartbeats is difficult with a standard home Doppler. If you suspect you've heard more than one heartbeat, consult your healthcare provider for clarification through a clinical ultrasound rather than relying on the home device.

Medical Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional prenatal care. Always consult your OB-GYN or midwife before using any home fetal monitoring device.

[janitriblogs]

Signs of Low Oxygen in Babies: How to Spot Hypoxia Before It Becomes an Emergency

There’s a kind of fear that doesn’t shout; it whispers.

It’s when your baby seems a little quieter than usual. When feeding takes longer. When their breathing doesn’t feel quite right, but you can’t explain why. You find yourself watching their chest rise and fall, just to be sure… again and again.

Low oxygen levels, or hypoxia, in babies often don’t begin with dramatic signs. They can start quietly, which is easy to miss. And that’s what makes it so important for parents to know what to look for before it turns into something urgent.

Because when it comes to your baby’s oxygen levels, early recognition isn’t just helpful; it can make all the difference.

In this blog, we’ll walk through the early signs of hypoxia in babies, when to worry, and how timely monitoring can help you act before it becomes an emergency.

What Is Hypoxia in Babies and Why Does It Happen?

Hypoxia in Newborns

Neonatal hypoxia is a condition in which a baby's body tissues receive insufficient oxygen. It differs from hypoxaemia, which refers specifically to low oxygen in the blood, though both often occur together. Hypoxia in newborns can develop at birth or in the days that follow, and may be acute (sudden) or chronic (gradual).

Common Causes of Hypoxia in Newborns

• Birth complications: umbilical cord compression, prolonged labour, or placental abruption

• Respiratory conditions: underdeveloped lungs, meconium aspiration syndrome, or congenital pneumonia

• Congenital heart defects: structural problems that prevent normal oxygenated blood circulation

• Infection or sepsis: systemic infections that suppress breathing

• Premature birth: preterm babies often lack surfactant, which keeps lung air sacs open

Research context: A 2020 study in PLOS ONE found that birth asphyxia, a primary cause of neonatal hypoxia, affects approximately 4 per 1,000 live births in high-income countries, and significantly more in low-resource settings (PubMed PMID: 32053611).

Recognising symptoms of low oxygen in babies early is critical. These signs may appear alone or together. When multiple symptoms occur at once, the situation is more urgent.

Quick-Reference: 6 Key Symptoms at a Glance

1. Cyanosis

Blue/grey skin, lips or tongue. Central cyanosis (face/lips) = call 108 now.

2. Fast Breathing

>60 breaths/min. Grunting, nostril flaring, or stridor.

3. Chest Retractions

Ribs or sternum pull inward with each breath. The baby is working too hard to breathe.

4. Limpness / Weak Cry

Floppy tone, poor feeding, absent or muffled cry.

5. Rapid Heart Rate

Resting heart rate >160 bpm alongside breathing changes.

6. Mottled Skin

Patchy, blotchy colouring signals poor circulation.

1. Cyanosis: Blue or Grey Skin

Cyanosis in babies is one of the most visible signs of low oxygen. The skin, lips, or tongue turns blue, purple, or greyish. Central cyanosis refers to blueness around the mouth, tongue, or trunk. This is always a medical emergency.

Acrocyanosis (blue hands and feet only) is common in the first 24–48 hours. If blueness spreads to the face or lips, call emergency services immediately.

2. Fast or Laboured Breathing

Fast breathing in a newborn (tachypnoea) means more than 60 breaths per minute. A healthy newborn breathes 40 to 60 times per minute. Watch for nostril flaring, end-of-breath grunting, and high-pitched stridor. These are all signs of neonatal respiratory distress.

3. Chest Retractions

Chest retractions in babies occur when muscles between or below the ribs pull inward with each breath. Subcostal, intercostal, or sternal retractions all indicate the baby is working too hard to breathe and require immediate review.

4. Limpness, Weak Cry, or Poor Feeding

A baby with low oxygen may appear floppy, have reduced muscle tone, or struggle to latch and feed. A weak or absent cry is a significant red flag in newborns. It suggests the brain and muscles are not receiving adequate oxygen.

5. Pale or Mottled Skin

Pallor or a mottled, blotchy pattern indicates poor circulation driven by low oxygen. This typically appears alongside other symptoms rather than in isolation.

6. Rapid Heart Rate

The heart compensates for low oxygen by beating faster. A resting heart rate above 160 bpm in a newborn, especially when paired with breathing changes, may indicate hypoxia in an infant and requires evaluation.

7. Irritability or Reduced Responsiveness

In older infants, hypoxia affects brain alertness. Signs include unusual irritability, difficulty waking, or failure to respond to stimulation. This suggests the brain is under oxygen stress.

Understanding Oxygen Saturation Levels in Babies Oxygen saturation levels in babies (SpO₂) measure the percentage of haemoglobin carrying oxygen. A pulse oximeter clips gently onto the baby's finger or toe and delivers a reading within seconds. Choosing the right device matters, as not all oximeters are designed for newborn skin and movement. See our complete guide to selecting the best baby oximeter for a full breakdown of what to look for.

Age / Stage

Normal SpO₂ Range

First 10 minutes of life

60–85% (rising gradually)

After 10 minutes of birth

≥90%

After 24 hours

95–100%

Infants and beyond

95–100%

Dangerous threshold

Below 90%: seek help now

Critical emergency

Below 80%

In the first 10 minutes of life, a newborn's SpO₂ ranges from 60–85% as circulation transitions. After 1 hour, SpO₂ should reach ≥95%. Consistently below 95% after 24 hours warrants clinical assessment. Below 90% at any age is dangerous and requires immediate medical attention.

You can check oxygen levels at home using a paediatric pulse oximeter. Home readings are a useful supplement to clinical assessment. They do not replace it. If your baby shows any of the symptoms above, do not rely on a home device alone.

Respiratory Distress in Newborns: When Breathing Problems Signal Hypoxia

Respiratory distress in newborns is one of the most common presentations of neonatal hypoxia. It covers a range of breathing problems that reduce oxygen delivery to tissues.

Signs That Breathing Is Compromised

• Apnoea: Pauses longer than 20 seconds, or shorter pauses with colour change or a drop in heart rate

• Persistent grunting: The baby is trying to keep the airways open at the end of each breath

• Nasal flaring: Nostrils widen on every breath in an attempt to increase airflow

• See-saw breathing: Chest falls as abdomen rises. This is a sign of respiratory muscle fatigue

Clinical evidence: A review in the Journal of Perinatology (2019) confirms that early recognition of neonatal respiratory distress with prompt oxygen supplementation significantly improves outcomes (PubMed PMID: 30867551).

Signs of Hypoxia in Premature and At-Risk Babies

Premature babies face a higher risk of low oxygen levels in newborns due to underdeveloped lungs and immature respiratory control.

Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS): caused by surfactant deficiency in lungs born before 34 weeks. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD): chronic lung disease that develops in some preterm infants after RDS. Apnoea of Prematurity: irregular breathing from an immature brainstem, common before 34 weeks.

Babies born before 37 weeks, those with low birth weight, and infants with congenital heart conditions need closer monitoring for baby oxygen level symptoms. Many of these babies are initially cared for in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Parents of at-risk infants should use a purpose-built device. Our baby oximeter guide for newborns explains the specific features to look for, including infant-specific sensors, CDSCO certification, and motion-tolerant accuracy, so you can choose with confidence.

When to Call Emergency Services Immediately

Some symptoms demand an emergency call without delay. Do not wait to see if it improves.

Call Emergency Services (108) Immediately If Your Baby Shows:

• Blue, grey, or white skin, especially around the lips or tongue

• Stopped breathing or pauses lasting more than 20 seconds

• Cannot be woken or is unresponsive to stimulation

• Severe chest retractions (ribs or sternum visibly pulling in)

• SpO₂ below 90% on a pulse oximeter

• Sudden colour change combined with limpness or weak cry

Even if the baby appears to recover, seek same-day medical review.

How to Check Your Baby's Oxygen Level at Home A paediatric pulse oximeter lets you monitor SpO₂ and heart rate without a hospital visit. Adult fingertip oximeters are not suitable for newborns. They are designed for larger fingers and give inaccurate readings on infant skin. For a detailed comparison of what to look for, including sensor design, alarm reliability, and price tiers, read our guide to choosing the best baby oximeter for your newbornUsing a Baby Oximeter: Quick Tips

• Always use an infant-specific or neonatal pulse oximeter. Never use an adult device

• Place the sensor on your baby's foot or hand as directed by the manufacturer

• A single low reading can be caused by movement. Observe for trends over time, not just single data points

• Normal SpO₂ for babies beyond the first hour of life is 95–100%

• If SpO₂ stays below 95% consistently, or drops below 90%, seek medical attention

Pulse oximetry is supported by peer-reviewed clinical research confirming it as a non-invasive and accurate method for continuous oxygen monitoring in infants. For guidance on reading results and understanding what triggers a doctor's call, see our Full newborn oxygen monitoring guide.

Take Action: Protect Your Baby's Health

Knowing the signs of low oxygen in babies means you are better equipped than most parents to act in a critical moment. Do not second-guess your instincts. If something feels wrong with your baby's breathing or colour, seek help immediately.

FAQ: Signs of Low Oxygen in Babies

Q: What are normal oxygen levels for babies?

After the first hour of life, a healthy baby's SpO₂ should consistently sit between 95% and 100%. In the first 10 minutes after birth, values of 60–85% are expected. Anything below 95% after 24 hours should be reviewed by a clinician. A reading below 90% at any age requires prompt medical attention.

[janitriblogs]

Baby Fever at Night: Home Care Tips Every Parent Should Know

The first time my baby had a fever, I remember staring at the thermometer longer than I should have. It read 100.4°F.

I knew, logically, that fever is common in babies. Paediatricians say it often means the body is fighting an infection. But when it’s your baby, logic becomes very small compared to the wave of worry that follows.

I touched his forehead again. Then his neck. Then I checked the thermometer once more just to be sure it hadn’t made a mistake.

That night taught me a lot about caring for a baby with a fever, not just medically, but emotionally. Over time, through conversations with paediatricians and my own experiences, I learned that the goal at home isn’t to panic or aggressively “fight” the fever. It’s to monitor, comfort, and stay attentive to your baby’s needs.

1. Stay Calm, Your Baby Feels Your Energy

Babies sense when we are anxious. The first thing I had to learn was to slow down.

A mild fever is often the body’s natural response to infections. In many cases, the baby may still feed, sleep, and behave normally.

Instead of rushing into panic mode, I learned to observe:

Is my baby feeding well?

Are they responsive and alert when awake?

Is the fever mild or rising?

Staying calm doesn’t mean ignoring the fever. It means watching carefully without assuming the worst immediately.

2. Keep Your Baby Comfortable, Not Overwrapped

My instinct that first night was to wrap my baby in blankets. It felt like the caring thing to do.

But our paediatrician explained something important: overbundling can actually trap heat and worsen fever.

What worked better was:

Dressing the baby in light, breathable clothing

Keeping the room comfortably cool

Avoiding thick blankets unless the baby is shivering

Comfort matters more than trying to “sweat out” the fever.

3. Focus on Hydration and Feeding

When babies have a fever, they can get dehydrated faster.

Even if my baby was fed for shorter periods, I made sure to offer feeds more frequently. Breast milk or formula helps maintain hydration and energy.

Some things I kept in mind:

Don’t force-feed, but offer feeds regularly

Watch for wet diapers (a good sign of hydration)

If feeding drops or vomiting suddenly begin, call your doctor

Small things like this often tell you more than the temperature number itself.

4. Monitor the Fever Because It Can Change Quickly

One of the most stressful parts of baby fever is uncertainty.

You check the temperature… and then you wonder what happens when you’re not checking.

That was exactly what worried me the most at night.

Babies can’t tell us when they feel worse. Their temperature can rise between checks, and waking them repeatedly to measure it isn’t ideal either. I found myself checking the thermometer again and again, worried I might miss something.

Later, I learned about continuous temperature monitoring, which made a big difference in how confidently I could manage fever at home.

Devices like Navam TempLive, a soft wearable patch, allow real-time body temperature monitoring while your baby rests. Instead of repeatedly disturbing their sleep, parents can follow temperature trends through a simple app on their phone.

What reassured me most was the ability to notice changes early. It can even alert parents if the temperature crosses a certain threshold, allowing them to respond quickly without constantly checking manually.

For many families today, tools like a wearable temperature monitor are becoming part of newborn health monitoring, especially during illness or vaccinations.

For me, the biggest relief was simple: I no longer felt like I had to stay awake every minute just to make sure my baby was okay.

5. Use Fever Medicines Only When Advised

One of the biggest mistakes parents sometimes make is rushing to reduce the fever immediately.

But fever itself is not always the enemy. It’s the body’s defence mechanism.

Paediatricians usually recommend medication like paracetamol only when:

The baby is uncomfortable

The fever crosses a certain threshold

A doctor specifically advises it

Always follow your paediatrician’s dosage guidance, because babies require very precise dosing.

6. Watch the Baby, Not Just the Thermometer

This is something a paediatrician once told me that has stayed with me forever:

“The baby matters more than the number.”

Sometimes a baby with 101°F might still be feeding and playing. Another baby with 99°F might be unusually lethargic.

It also helped me learn the baby fever warning signs that require medical attention, such as:

Difficulty breathing

Persistent vomiting

Extreme irritability or unusual sleepiness

Refusing feeds

Fever in babies younger than 3 months

If any of these appear, don’t wait. Contact your doctor immediately.

Being informed about these signs is part of growing parenting health awareness, something every new parent gradually learns through experience.

7. Trust Your Instincts as a Parent

One thing no one talks about enough is parental instinct.

That quiet voice in your mind that says something feels different, it’s worth listening to.

Doctors rely on parents’ observations because we spend the most time with our babies. If something doesn’t feel right, it’s always okay to reach out to your paediatrician for reassurance.

No question is silly when it comes to your child’s health.

Key Take Away

Monitor fever trends, not just a single reading. A baby’s temperature can change quickly, which is why regular checks or tools that allow continuous temperature monitoring can help parents track fever patterns and respond early if the temperature rises.

Know the warning signs and trust your instincts. Watch for symptoms like difficulty breathing, persistent vomiting, unusual sleepiness, or refusal to feed. If these appear, contact your doctor immediately because a parent’s observation is often the first step in protecting a baby’s health.

A Final Thought From One Parent to Another

The night my baby first had a fever felt endless.

I checked his temperature more times than I can count. I watched him breathe while he slept. I googled things I probably shouldn’t have.

But over time, I realized something important: fever doesn’t mean you have to face the night helplessly.

With attentive care, guidance from your paediatrician, and safe ways to monitor your baby’s temperature, you can navigate these moments with more confidence.

And sometimes, what helps the most is simply knowing that many parents have been exactly where you are, sitting beside a sleeping baby, hoping the morning comes soon.

It always does.

Nothing scares a mother more than feeling her baby burn with fever — and nothing comforts her more than seeing that temperature slowly come down.

[janitriblogs]

Baby Fever at Night: Home Care Tips Every Parent Should Know

The first time my baby had a fever, I remember staring at the thermometer longer than I should have. It read 100.4°F.

I knew, logically, that fever is common in babies. Paediatricians say it often means the body is fighting an infection. But when it’s your baby, logic becomes very small compared to the wave of worry that follows.

I touched his forehead again. Then his neck. Then I checked the thermometer once more just to be sure it hadn’t made a mistake.

That night taught me a lot about caring for a baby with a fever, not just medically, but emotionally. Over time, through conversations with paediatricians and my own experiences, I learned that the goal at home isn’t to panic or aggressively “fight” the fever. It’s to monitor, comfort, and stay attentive to your baby’s needs.

1. Stay Calm, Your Baby Feels Your Energy

Babies sense when we are anxious. The first thing I had to learn was to slow down.

A mild fever is often the body’s natural response to infections. In many cases, the baby may still feed, sleep, and behave normally.

Instead of rushing into panic mode, I learned to observe:

Is my baby feeding well?

Are they responsive and alert when awake?

Is the fever mild or rising?

Staying calm doesn’t mean ignoring the fever. It means watching carefully without assuming the worst immediately.

2. Keep Your Baby Comfortable, Not Overwrapped

My instinct that first night was to wrap my baby in blankets. It felt like the caring thing to do.

But our paediatrician explained something important: overbundling can actually trap heat and worsen fever.

What worked better was:

Dressing the baby in light, breathable clothing

Keeping the room comfortably cool

Avoiding thick blankets unless the baby is shivering

Comfort matters more than trying to “sweat out” the fever.

When babies have a fever, they can get dehydrated faster.

Even if my baby was fed for shorter periods, I made sure to offer feeds more frequently. Breast milk or formula helps maintain hydration and energy.

Some things I kept in mind:

Don’t force-feed, but offer feeds regularly

Watch for wet diapers (a good sign of hydration)

If feeding drops or vomiting suddenly begin, call your doctor

Small things like this often tell you more than the temperature number itself.

4. Monitor the Fever Because It Can Change Quickly

One of the most stressful parts of baby fever is uncertainty.

You check the temperature… and then you wonder what happens when you’re not checking.

That was exactly what worried me the most at night.

Babies can’t tell us when they feel worse. Their temperature can rise between checks, and waking them repeatedly to measure it isn’t ideal either. I found myself checking the thermometer again and again, worried I might miss something.

Later, I learned about continuous temperature monitoring, which made a big difference in how confidently I could manage fever at home.

Devices like Navam TempLive, a soft wearable patch, allow real-time body temperature monitoring while your baby rests. Instead of repeatedly disturbing their sleep, parents can follow temperature trends through a simple app on their phone.

What reassured me most was the ability to notice changes early. It can even alert parents if the temperature crosses a certain threshold, allowing them to respond quickly without constantly checking manually.

For many families today, tools like a wearable temperature monitor are becoming part of newborn health monitoring, especially during illness or vaccinations.

For me, the biggest relief was simple: I no longer felt like I had to stay awake every minute just to make sure my baby was okay.

5. Use Fever Medicines Only When Advised

One of the biggest mistakes parents sometimes make is rushing to reduce the fever immediately.

But fever itself is not always the enemy. It’s the body’s defence mechanism.

Paediatricians usually recommend medication like paracetamol only when:

The baby is uncomfortable

The fever crosses a certain threshold

A doctor specifically advises it

Always follow your paediatrician’s dosage guidance, because babies require very precise dosing.

6. Watch the Baby, Not Just the Thermometer

This is something a paediatrician once told me that has stayed with me forever:

“The baby matters more than the number.”

Sometimes a baby with 101°F might still be feeding and playing. Another baby with 99°F might be unusually lethargic.

It also helped me learn the baby fever warning signs that require medical attention, such as:

Difficulty breathing

Persistent vomiting

Extreme irritability or unusual sleepiness

Refusing feeds

Fever in babies younger than 3 months

If any of these appear, don’t wait. Contact your doctor immediately.

Being informed about these signs is part of growing parenting health awareness, something every new parent gradually learns through experience.

7. Trust Your Instincts as a Parent

One thing no one talks about enough is parental instinct.

That quiet voice in your mind that says something feels different, it’s worth listening to.

Doctors rely on parents’ observations because we spend the most time with our babies. If something doesn’t feel right, it’s always okay to reach out to your paediatrician for reassurance.

No question is silly when it comes to your child’s health.

A Final Thought From One Parent to Another

The night my baby first had a fever felt endless.

I checked his temperature more times than I can count. I watched him breathe while he slept. I googled things I probably shouldn’t have.

But over time, I realized something important: fever doesn’t mean you have to face the night helplessly.

With attentive care, guidance from your paediatrician, and safe ways to monitor your baby’s temperature, you can navigate these moments with more confidence.

And sometimes, what helps the most is simply knowing that many parents have been exactly where you are, sitting beside a sleeping baby, hoping the morning comes soon.

It always does.

Nothing scares a mother more than feeling her baby burn with fever — and nothing comforts her more than seeing that temperature slowly come down.

[janitriblogs]

Janitri's Wearable Fetal Monitoring Device: Features and Benefits

Welcome to the future of healthcare, where innovation meets compassion. Keyar is not just a product, but a revolution, transforming patient care in ways we never imagined. It stands as a sentinel, continuously monitoring vital parameters like Fetal Heart Rate (FHR), Maternal Heart Rate (MHR), and Uterine contraction (UC). This vigilance is crucial in healthcare, paving the way for timely interventions and enhancing patient outcomes. 

At Janitri, we are not just creating solutions, we are redefining the future of medical care. This blog takes you on a journey through the groundbreaking world of Keyar, a brainchild of Janitri.

Understanding the Need for Advanced Monitoring Solutions:

In healthcare, the need for continuous and exact monitoring of critical variables cannot be emphasised. This is where Janitri's innovative idea, Keyar, comes into play.

Keyar is a cutting-edge technology for continuously monitoring fetal heart rate (FHR), maternal heart rate (MHR), and uterine contractions (UC). These characteristics are critical for predicting and avoiding difficulties during pregnancy and labour. 

Keyar's innovative technology enables real-time tracking, allowing healthcare practitioners to respond quickly when needed. Furthermore, Keyar is portable and user-friendly, making it a viable option for both healthcare settings and home use. Keyar significantly enhances maternal and fetal health outcomes by providing healthcare practitioners with accurate and timely data. 

Introducing Keyar:

Janitri Innovations' advanced Keyar gadgets are leading the way in revolutionising pregnancy monitoring. These medical-grade solutions, which are backed by clinical research and unique technology, provide precise and timely data to improve patient care. 

Keyar CM, a beltless fetal monitoring device, combines ECG and EMG signals to track cephalic presentation during active labour or beyond 36 weeks. Keyar Duo Max, a portable and intelligent CTG equipment, combines ultrasound and ECG-based fetal monitoring. The Keyar DT wireless system combines Doppler and TOCO probes for prenatal NST and fetal monitoring. Janitri's complete Keyar device line provides continuous and remote monitoring, automatic reporting, and quick access to vital indicators. 

Key Features and Benefits of Keyar:

Experience the advanced features and benefits of Janitri Innovations' Keyar devices for pregnancy monitoring:

- Keyar CM: Keyar CM is a beltless fetal monitoring device that utilises ECG and EMG signals to track cephalic presentation after 36 weeks or during active delivery.

- Keyar Duo Max: Keyar Duo Max is a portable and intelligent CTG machine. A complete system that combines ultrasound and ECG-based fetal monitoring with software.

 - Keyar DT: Keyar DT combines Doppler and TOCO sensors in a wireless format. It is appropriate for prenatal NST, fetal monitoring throughout the third trimester, and active labour. 

- Keyar DT Max: Keyar DT Max is a portable and smart CTG machine that has the most modern capabilities for monitoring fetal well-being.

- Keyar DT Max Plus: Keyar DT Max Plus is a portable and smart CTG machine with a shock index monitor. It is a wireless device that monitors FHR, MHR, UC and shock index. 

- Daksh SI Max: The portable medical-grade wireless shock index monitor helps doctors predict postpartum haemorrhage risk. A truly smart digital solution improves the efficiency of detecting PPH early on. 

- Keyar Echo: Keyar Echo helps listen & measure the baby’s heartbeat with a smart, reliable and handheld fetal doppler from the 18th week of pregnancy. 

- Keyar DT Lite: A medical-grade fetal doppler to monitor your baby's health easily at home. It helps record the baby's heartbeat and perform a Nonstress Test (NST) - anytime, anywhere.

- Keyar DT Pro: Keyar DT Max is a portable and smart CTG device with cutting-edge features for monitoring fetal well-being.

We offer continuous monitoring, remote accessibility, and auto-interpreted cCTG reports. These devices ensure accurate tracking of vital signs and provide comprehensive insights into fetal well-being. With features like automated fetal movement marking, pocket-sized speakers, and Bluetooth connectivity, Keyar devices offer convenience and portability. Janitri's innovative technology enables mothers to monitor fetal heart rate and perform NST tests at home. 

Real-Life Applications and Success Stories:

Janitri Innovations has witnessed remarkable real-life applications and success stories with its advanced pregnancy monitoring solutions. By offering medical-grade devices and software, Janitri has transformed the way healthcare professionals monitor expectant mothers and their babies. 

With their Keyar devices, hospitals and clinics have been able to provide better care and support during the entire journey of pregnancy, labour, and newborn care. 

These new tools have helped healthcare practitioners identify possible problems early on, resulting in faster treatments and better outcomes. 

Why Do Doctors Love Us?

Our esteemed customer, the dedicated doctors, recently shared their experience with us:

Dr Latha Venkatram, a Senior Gynaecologist, recently shared her experience with us: 'Keyar CM is a path-breaking innovation which is very different from conventional CTGs available currently. It is very affordable, portable and easy to use and also provides real-time relay of the data with timely alerts and alarms.' 

Dr. Ramphool Meena, a renowned Obstetrician-gynaecologist, has been a dedicated user of Janitri's digital fetal monitor for two years. He commends the impressive features of our product, such as ‘The DAKSH (now, Janitri: for Hospital) application has been very useful for our labour ward. It automatically generates a partograph, helps nurses make critical decisions, and reminds nurses to fill in vital signs promptly. It also provides weekly and monthly analyses. I highly recommend this application for all labour wards.’

Those responses demonstrate Janitri's dedication to providing doctors with new and practical solutions. We don't only make items; we also create value for our customers and their patients. Our products are recommended by doctors such as Dr. Venkatram and Dr. Ramphool Meena because of their cost, mobility, and real-time data relay capabilities. This is why doctors appreciate and recommend our products.

Why Do Mothers Trust us?

Chethu Chaithra, a mother who used our services, shared her experience with us - 'My experience using Janitri's fetal monitoring device was extremely useful and comfortable. I was facing a problem with travelling for NST and Doctor Mekhal Dwarakanath suggested to me about Janitri.

I started using it and it saved me from travelling and time to the hospital. I was sharing regular reports with my doctors which helped me a lot. I am thankful to my doctor and Janitri for helping me in this journey and I would recommend Janitri for pregnant women.' 

Shreyasi, a mother who used our services, shared her experience with us - "Janitri's device was a miraculous discovery. It spared me from exhausting commutes and allowed remote monitoring. I was able to perform regular NST tests at home and my gynaecologist promptly provided the right advice, ultimately saving my baby’s precious life"

Those responses demonstrate Janitri's dedication to providing women with unique and effective solutions. We don't only make items; we also create value for our customers and their families. Our emphasis on ease, time-saving, and frequent report sharing makes our products popular with mothers such as Chethu Chaithra, Shreyasi, and many more. This is why moms trust and promote our goods.

Integration with Existing Healthcare Systems:

Worried about compatibility? Fear not! Keyar seamlessly integrates with existing electronic health record (EHR) systems, making implementation a breeze. We address any concerns or challenges related to integrating Keyar into current medical workflows, ensuring a smooth and efficient transition.

Future Developments and Expansion:

The future of Keyar is bright. We explore potential advancements and developments that will further enhance its capabilities. Ongoing research and collaborations are paving the way for exciting new possibilities. Stay tuned as Keyar expands its reach to other medical specialities and global markets, revolutionising healthcare on a global scale.

Conclusion

Keyar is a game-changer in healthcare monitoring, revolutionising the way doctors care for their patients. The importance of advanced monitoring solutions like Keyar cannot be overstated. Visit our company website to explore the benefits of Keyar and join the movement towards a brighter future in healthcare monitoring. Embrace the power of Keyar and unlock a new era of patient care.

FAQs:

1. What is Keyar and how does it revolutionise healthcare monitoring?

Keyar is an innovative monitoring solution that utilises cutting-edge technology to provide accurate and real-time data for healthcare professionals. It revolutionises healthcare monitoring by enabling remote monitoring, continuous data collection, and predictive analytics, allowing doctors to make informed decisions and improve patient care.

2. What are the benefits of using Keyar in medical settings?

Keyar offers numerous benefits, including early detection of warning signs, prompt intervention, personalised patient insights, and improved patient outcomes. It enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare monitoring, leading to better overall care.

3. How does Keyar integrate with existing healthcare systems?

Keyar seamlessly integrates with existing electronic health record (EHR) systems, ensuring compatibility and ease of implementation. It works harmoniously with current medical workflows, minimising disruption and maximising efficiency.

4. Can you provide examples of real-life applications of Keyar?

Keyar has been effectively applied to a variety of medical illnesses and circumstances. It has been shown to help monitor high-risk pregnancies, control chronic conditions, and record vital signs in critical care situations. Real-world case studies and testimonials demonstrate the significant outcomes obtained with Keyar.

5. What sets Keyar apart from other monitoring solutions?

Keyar stands out due to its advanced features such as remote monitoring, continuous data collection, and predictive analytics. It empowers doctors with actionable insights and personalised patient care. The seamless integration with existing systems and the focus on improving patient outcomes make Keyar a standout choice.

6. What are the future developments and expansion plans for Keyar?

Keyar is continuously evolving, with ongoing research and collaborations to enhance its capabilities. Future developments may include expanded functionalities, improved user experience, and increased compatibility with emerging technologies. The goal is to extend Keyar's reach to more medical specialities and global markets.

[janitriblogs]

Slow Fetal Movement Before Delivery: Why NST and Fetal Doppler Monitoring Matter

Pregnancy is often described as one of the happiest phases of life. People talk about cravings, baby showers, nursery shopping, and the excitement of meeting the baby.Pregnancy is often described as one of the happiest phases of life. People talk about cravings, baby showers, nursery shopping, and the excitement of meeting the baby.

But there is something people rarely talk about during pregnancy.

The fear.

Especially during the ninth month of pregnancy, when every small change in your body suddenly feels important.

Everyone around you becomes an expert.

“Are you already in the ninth month?” “Try for a normal delivery.” “Is the baby in the right position?” “Is it breech or cephalic?”

These questions followed me everywhere. At family gatherings, on phone calls, and even from people who barely understood what pregnancy really feels like.

At some point, I stopped worrying about normal delivery or C-section.

All I wanted was a healthy baby.

The Night Before Everything Changed During the Ninth Month of Pregnancy

Just one day before my delivery, it was a Saturday night.

I started feeling a strange pain in my stomach. It was intense and uncomfortable.

My doctor had advised me to finish dinner by 6 PM to avoid gastric discomfort during pregnancy.

But that day I had dinner around 7 PM.

Soon after that, the pain started.

My husband thought it might be gas. Honestly, I thought the same. Pregnancy comes with many discomforts that you learn to live with.

Back pain Vomiting Sleepless nights Stomach discomfort

We went for a walk for about 40 minutes, hoping the pain would settle.

But it did not.

By 3 AM, I was still awake.

I tried using the washroom, hoping the discomfort would go away, but nothing changed.

Eventually, I sat on the sofa with pillows behind my back and somehow managed to sleep.

The Morning That Felt Different: Noticing Slow Baby Movement in the 9th Month

I woke up around noon the next day.

The pain had disappeared.

For a moment, I felt relieved. Maybe it was just gastric discomfort.

But then something unexpected happened.

When I went to the washroom, I noticed a blood clot.

My heart skipped a beat.

A friend of mine who had recently delivered had told me that sometimes blood clots appear before labour begins.

So I immediately told my husband,

“Pack the bag. Let’s go to the hospital.”

Before leaving, I went for a quick bath.

During my pregnancy, I had always noticed something.

Usually, after taking a bath, my baby would become very active. I would feel strong kicks and movements.

But that day felt different.

The movement was there.

But it was slow.

Not absent. Just slower than usual.

That small change made me uneasy.

Sometimes a mother notices the smallest change in baby movement during the ninth month.

Trusting a Mother’s Instinct During Late Pregnancy

Before leaving home, I did something many mothers do instinctively.

I prayed.

But my prayer that day was different.

I did not pray for a normal delivery.

I did not pray to avoid a C-section.

I simply prayed for a healthy baby.

The Hospital Visit After Reduced Baby Movement

We reached the hospital around 1:30 PM on Sunday.

The nurse examined me and did a manual check.

She told me something unexpected.

“There is no cervical dilation yet. You can come back next week.”

My due date was actually Tuesday.

But something inside me still felt uneasy.

So I asked if I could meet the doctor.

The nurse said the doctor would arrive around 2 PM.

So we decided to wait.

The Test That Changed Everything: NST Test in Pregnancy

When the doctor arrived, she examined me again.

She repeated the same thing.

“Everything looks normal. Cervix dilation has not started.”

But I still had one question.

“Then why did I see a blood clot?”

The doctor paused for a moment.

Then she asked the nurse to start an NST test during pregnancy.

What Is an NST Test in Pregnancy and Why Is It Important?

An NST test (Non-Stress Test) is a common fetal monitoring test during pregnancy used to check the baby's heart rate and overall well-being.

The test usually lasts about 20 minutes and monitors:

• Baby’s heart rate • Baby’s movements • Signs of fetal distress

NST monitoring helps doctors understand whether the baby is getting enough oxygen inside the womb.

It is often recommended in late pregnancy or when doctors suspect changes in baby movement in the ninth month.

The Moment the Baby’s Heartbeat Started Dropping

Within five minutes of starting the NST monitoring, the doctor noticed something alarming.

My baby’s heartbeat was dropping.

From 150 beats per minute to 90 beats per minute.

This sudden change indicated possible baby heartbeat dropping during labour or fetal distress.

The doctor immediately called my husband inside.

She asked us one question.

“Do you want to wait for normal delivery or should we go for an emergency C-section?”

My husband and I looked at each other.

We had the same answer.

“Whatever is safest for the baby.”

Emergency C-Section After Fetal Distress Detection

Within thirty minutes I was in the operation theatre.

This was during the COVID period, so I was wearing a medical mask as part of hospital protocol.

I remember fragments of that moment.

The cold operation room Doctors moving quickly The tension in the air

At 3:33 PM, my baby was born.

Later we learned something shocking.

What Is Meconium in the Womb During Pregnancy?

My baby had already passed stool inside the womb.

This is called meconium in the womb.

Sometimes, when a baby experiences stress inside the womb, they may pass stool before birth.

If the baby inhales this meconium mixed with amniotic fluid, it can lead to breathing complications after birth.

This condition is known as Meconium Aspiration Syndrome.

Because we reached the hospital in time, the doctors were able to act quickly and prevent complications.

My baby was kept in the ICU for around 30 minutes for observation.

After everything stabilized, they placed him in my arms.

And I started breastfeeding.

Why Fetal Monitoring During Pregnancy Is Important?

Looking back today, one thing is very clear.

My pregnancy was not considered high risk.

I was only 25 years old.

Everything had looked normal during checkups.

And yet something unexpected happened.

If I had ignored that instinct.

If we had gone back home.

If the NST monitoring test during pregnancy had not been done.

My story could have been very different.

Pregnancy can change quickly, especially in the final weeks.

That is why fetal monitoring during pregnancy is extremely important.

How Home Pregnancy Monitoring Devices Can Help?

Many mothers feel anxious between doctor visits.

Sometimes appointments are scheduled weeks apart.

During that time, small changes like reduced baby movement in the ninth month can cause worry.

For example:

• Keyar DT Lite allows NST monitoring at home through a rental model • Keyar Echo, a handheld fetal Doppler, allows mothers to listen to their baby’s heartbeat at home

These tools do not replace doctors or hospital visits.

But they can help monitor fetal heart rate during pregnancy and provide early insights between medical appointments.

Early monitoring can sometimes help doctors take timely action.

To Every Mother Experiencing Slow Baby Movement Before Delivery

Motherhood begins long before the baby is born.

It begins with instinct.

That quiet voice inside you that says something feels different.

Listen to it.

Trust it.

And whenever possible, support it with the right medical guidance and pregnancy monitoring technology.

Because sometimes a mother’s instinct, combined with the right monitoring, can save a life.

FAQs Is slow baby movement in the ninth month normal?

Sometimes baby movements may change near the due date, but significantly reduced or slow baby movement should always be checked by a doctor.

What does an NST test check in pregnancy?

An NST test in pregnancy monitors the baby's heart rate and movements to ensure the baby is receiving enough oxygen inside the womb.

When should you go to the hospital before labour?

You should go to the hospital if you notice bleeding, leaking fluid, severe abdominal pain, or reduced baby movement during pregnancy.

Can babies pass stool before birth?

Yes. In some cases babies may pass stool inside the womb. This is known as meconium in the womb and requires medical monitoring.