A SCADA system is composed of interconnected components that work together to monitor and control industrial processes effectively. At its core is the Supervisory Controller, which acts as the central computer, managing data exchanges between Human-Machine Interfaces (HMIs), Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), and Remote Terminal Units (RTUs). PLCs are microcomputers that collect and process data from sensors and other input devices, performing critical tasks like performance monitoring, equipment runtime calculations, and generating alarms for anomalies. RTUs, another type of microcomputer, are rugged and wireless, ideal for capturing data from remote locations. The HMI provides operators with a user-friendly interface, visualizing SCADA data through maps, icons, charts, and dashboards for real-time system monitoring. Additional components include Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs), which enhance system capabilities, and communication systems that enable data transfer via cables, radio, or the Internet. SCADA systems also rely on programming languages, such as C, to create operational diagrams and process maps, ensuring seamless control and decision-making.