HOW HORROR FILMS REFLECT SOCIETAL FEAR, AND WHAT WE SHOULD HOPE TO SEE IN YEARS TO COME
Horror is a film genre that seeks to elicit physical or psychological fear in its viewers. These films often explore dark subject matter and may deal with transgressive topics or themes. Broad elements of the genre include monsters, apocalyptic events, and religious or folk beliefs. The first horror film ever made was made by French filmmaker Georges Méliès, and called Le Manoir du diable, which roughly translates to The Haunted Castle or The House of the Devil. It was about a group of people who enter a castle and encounter a plethora of supernatural beings and occurrences. Back then the film was revolutionary because of its use of special effects and visual storytelling technique, but it was also famous because it was scary. Or at least was considered to be back then. As members of modern society, we aren’t scared as much of vampires and witches because they’re unfathomable. but that wasn’t always the case. Horror has always reflected societies current social/moral issues, so what can we expect in the years to come?
(I WANT TO REMIND ANYONE WHO’S MADE IT THIS FAR THAT THIS IS MOSTLY AN OPINION PIECE!! DON’T JUMP ME FOR ANY INNACURACIES OR THINGS YOU DISAGREE WITH.)
silent horrors (1920s-1940s)
In the great depression, people were poor. I mean seriously poor. like “making pies out of water” poor. but the one of the few things that everyday citizens could afford? Cinemas! According to Digital History.edu (2021), 60-80 million Americans went to the movies each week. This was the era that introduced audiences to expressionistic European nightmares, such as The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920) and Nosferatu (1922). It also brought life into the genre with more classic approaches to this type of film. It was universal studios that solidified horror as a genre with films and characters we still know and love, such as Dracula (1931), Frankenstein (1931), and The Mummy (1932). As much as this was a good thing for the horror fans of today, it also played into the xenophobic narrative of the time. these films were set in places like Romania, the Bavarian Alps, and Cairo. It framed danger as something foreign, making eastern Europeans seem like monsters, and that the genre was something that was far enough away not to affect Americans or Brits, but close enough to gawk at.
1950s nuclear attacks, mutations, and communism.
Imagine this. It’s the 1950s. nuclear weapons have been made, and mutations are occurring as a result of testing, people are in distress because of the cold war, and worst of all…communists! It was all these things that led to the making of the first movie with big, bad, and scaly Godzilla, a character who was a result of nuclear testing and later became one of the most famous characters in pop culture. However not all horrors from this era were made based on science. Invasion of the body snatchers (1956) played upon a different fear ravaging American’s. That your neighbour, teacher, friend or husband might secretly be a communist. Or Russian! Ernest g. Laura had a lot to say on the topic, but a certain quote could summarise it well. “Considering the state of public opinion in the United States today…it is natural to see the pods as standing for the idea of communism which gradually takes possession of a normal person, leaving him outwardly unchanged but transformed within.”Â
1960s: The People Next Door
The sixties brought about a new era in horror films. That the real monsters weren’t giant lizards, or monsters under our beds, but people.  Psycho (1960) is often hailed as the mother of all slasher films, as it was the first. At the time it was incredibly controversial due to its depiction of sexual content (Scandalous!) and the fact it was between an unmarried couple. But it was all for the best, because without it, there would be no Ghostface, no Micheal Myers, and no Freddy Krueger. It also introduced a new, terrifying possibility. That what’s scary isn’t a demon possessing women, or an alien that invades your neighbours’ bodies, it's just human nature gone wrong.
1970s-1980s: Satan and Slashers
Picture this- it’s the 1970s. bell bottom jeans are on the rise, as well as the Beatles, pink Floyd and…serial killers?  Ted bundy, the zodiac killer, the Boston strangler, and many more were around in the 70s and 80s. according to northeastern university, the numbers of serial killers peaked in the 1970s when there were nearly 300 known active serial killers in the U.S. In the 1980s, there were more than 250 active killers who accounted for between 120 and 180 deaths per year. The number of slashers that appeared in cinemas during this time directly corelates to the terror and uncertainty that surrounded them.Â
1990s- slasher and internet horror
By the 90s people were bored. Slasher films kept churning out sequels, but fresh ideas were running out.  The Silence of the Lambs (1991) had won an oscar for its writing, but now there was nothing new. Until that is, the Scream (1996) was born. A darkly funny, self-aware horror film that poked fun at the genre, it breathed new light into slasher and horror films. By the end of the era, horror had changed again with the creation of The Blair Witch Project (1999), and thus, found footage horror was born. It fit right in with the new internet age.
The shocking events of 9/11 had terrified the world. What could you control in a world so unpredictable? The media you consume. Saw (2004) introduced a new, objectively ghastly horror subgenre; Torture p*rn. The movie follows a group of strangers stuck in a psychotic stranger’s house, having to complete challenges to survive. But if you look past the gouged eyes, broken necks, and cut out organs, saw can be a great metaphor for the cruelty in human nature.Â
2010s- nothing all that new.
The 2010s didn’t have much change from previous generations in terms of horror genres or types of films. Horrors like Get Out (2017) and Hereditary (2018) blended psychological and supernatural elements in movies.
2020s- What can we expect/ what have we already seen?
Not a lot! So far, a lot of the horror films of this era have been sequels or based off of other films. However, a few films can demonstrate what we could be expecting in years to come. The substance, for example, is a film about how societies often unrealistic expectations about women can cause mental health issues, and a lack of personal identity.  M3GAN (2022) is about what the possible repercussions of Ai being allowed to run rampant or dictate its own behaviour. So, what would I, as a teenage girl like to see? Actual movie plots! So many films like the terrifier, scream, saw, and many others are made just to make money. Screams been going on for like 30 years. At this point Sydney’s going to be 70 years of age fighting off a serial killer. So, what I would really like would be films that are original. And no, I don’t mean full on new everything. Sinners (2025) did a great job of revitalising the vampire genre. Weapons (2025) did witches incredibly well, and I’m looking forward to seeing Mummy (2026). The one thing that all these films had in common? They didn’t copy others.Â
Another thing I would like to see is more horrors where AI is the villain. Or where nature fights back against corporations. Or a woman who a witch curses the men who assaulted her. Horror movies where the sole purpose of them isn’t to entertain, but to have actual morals. Because as much as the world without art is just a rock, whats art without thought provoking nature, or morals? Just a book. Just a drawing. Just a film.
So yeah! That’s all I have to say. This is my first ever Tumblr post so it’s probably not very concise lol.