World Leaders Must Choose to Invest in Refugee Education
By Philippa Lei, Director of Policy and Advocacy, Malala Fund
Today we mark World Refugee Day in the midst of the largest refugee crisis since World War II. More than 60 million people around the world are displaced from their homes because of war, persecution or disaster; 20 million have been forced to flee across borders to other countries.
70% of these refugees and forcibly displaced people (42 million) are women and girls. More than half are under 18 years old.
At Malala Fund, we’re supporting several programs to help Syrian refugee girls — but this is a worldwide crisis. After Syria, Afghanistan has the highest number of refugees, followed by Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, Democratic Republic of Congo, Myanmar, Central African Republic, Iraq and Eritrea.
And refugee experience is no longer short-term. On average, people now spend 25 years as refugees.
A child refugee today has a slim chance of completing 12 years of school. Only half of refugee children are attending primary school, according to a recent report published by UNESCO and UNHCR. Â Worse still, 75% of refugee adolescents are out of secondary school. The Dadaab refugee camps in Kenya operate 33 primary schools but only seven secondary schools. These seven schools run at double their capacity and accommodate just 13% of adolescent refugee children.
In Pakistan, refugee girls from Afghanistan frequently drop out of school due to child marriage and teenage pregnancy. Many girls are taken out of school to be married, as early as grade six. Dropout rates for refugee girls are as high as 90%. A child does not lose her right to education because her country goes to war and makes her a refugee. Yet girls living in conflict-affected countries are nearly 90% more likely to be out of secondary school than their peers in peaceful countries.
Because of the staggering refugee crisis, the world is moving backwards on education — and moving towards deeper poverty, more war, poor health and fewer opportunities for women.
We know that education improves economic development, health, women’s rights and lowers the risk of war. In the midst of the largest refugee crisis in more than 70 years, leaders have a choice to make: invest in education for a safer, healthier, more prosperous future or condemn refugee children — and our world — to deeper poverty and continued conflict.
What leaders can do
Ensure that no child is out of school for more than one month.
As a short-term measure, UNHCR refugee camps need to provide primary and secondary education. Host country governments should permit the construction of school buildings. Additionally, host countries can permit NGOs to operate non-formal education programs to meet the immediate need.
Donor countries need to increase education funding in humanitarian aid.
To date in 2016, donor countries have provided only 25% of the funding needed to educate refugee children.Â
Less than 2% of humanitarian aid goes toward education. Development aid is similarly failing to prioritize education — overall and in conflict settings — with just 8% of aid disbursed to the education sector in 2014, a decline of almost $600 million from 2013. Host countries should integrate refugees into their education system. Currently, 64% of host countries give refugee children full access to primary and secondary education. According to the 1951 Convention on the Status of Refugees, host countries must guarantee access to public school for refugee children, without proof of previous education. This is crucial as many families flee their homes without birth certificates, passports or a child’s report card. To make sure that all refugee children can attend school, host countries need to provide more funding, hire more teachers and grow the capacity of schools so that every child can enrol. To help refugee children learn and progress in their new schools, host countries must be willing to provide programs to meet their needs, like language training.
Teachers are refugees, too — and host countries should give them the right to work. Language and cultural barriers keep many refugee children from attending school. But educators from their home country can provide tremendous support, if they are allowed to take a teaching job in their host country. Countries in the region of a refugee crisis should develop a regional certification and recognition program for education. This will allow refugee children to transfer their education from country to country, continue their education at a university or find decent employment in their host country or home country when they return. What you can do: Donate today to help refugee girls go to school.Â















