āIf by intellectual you mean somebody who works only with his head and not with his hands, then the bank clerk is an intellectual and Michelangelo is not. And today, with a computer, everybody is an intellectual. So I donāt think it has anything to do with someoneās profession or with someoneās social class. According to me, an intellectual is anyone who is creatively producing new knowledge. A peasant who understands that a new kind of graft can produce a new species of apples has at that moment produced an intellectual activity. Whereas the professor of philosophy who all his life repeats the same lecture on Heidegger doesnāt amount to an intellectual. Critical creativityācriticizing what we are doing or inventing better ways of doing itāis the only mark of the intellectual function.ā
ā Umberto Eco, āThe Art of Fiction, No. 197ā, The Paris Review (Summer 2008, No. 185)













