My word

[myastronomynews]

Viewing the Mediterranean Coasts of Tunisia and Libya from the Space Station

مشاهده ساحل مدیترانه ای تونس و لیبی از ایستگاه فضایی https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/viewing-the-mediterranean-coasts-of-tunisia-and-libya-from-the-space-station

[cosmosastronaut]

BREAKING NEWS: Black hole picture captured for first time in space breakthrough!

Network of eight radio telescopes around the world records revolutionary image.

Astronomers have captured the first image of a black hole, heralding a revolution in our understanding of the universe’s most enigmatic objects. The picture shows a halo of dust and gas, tracing the outline of a colossal black hole, at the heart of the Messier 87 galaxy, 55m light years from Earth.

The black hole itself – a cosmic trapdoor from which neither light nor matter can escape – is unseeable. But the latest observations take astronomers right to its threshold for the first time, illuminating the event horizon beyond which all known physical laws collapse.

The breakthrough image was captured by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), a network of eight radio telescopes spanning locations from Antarctica to Spain and Chile, in an effort involving more than 200 scientists.

Sheperd Doeleman, EHT director and Harvard University senior research fellow said: “Black holes are the most mysterious objects in the universe. We have seen what we thought was unseeable. We have taken a picture of a black hole.”

France Córdova, director of the US National Science Foundation and an astrophysicist, said that the image, which she had only seen as it was unveiled at the press briefing she was chairing, had brought tears to her eyes. “We have been studying black holes for so long that sometimes it’s easy to forget that none of us has seen one,” she said. “This will leave an imprint on people’s memories.”

The image gives the first direct glimpse of a black hole’s accretion disc, a fuzzy doughnut-shaped ring of gas and dust that steadily “feeds” the monster within.

The EHT picks up radiation emitted by particles within the disc that are heated to billions of degrees as they swirl around the black hole at close to the speed of light, before vanishing down the plughole.

The halo’s crescent-like appearance in the image is because the particles in the side of the disc rotating towards Earth are flung towards us faster and so appear brighter. The dark shadow within marks the edge of the event horizon, the point of no return, beyond which no light or matter can travel fast enough to escape the inexorable gravitational pull of the black hole.

Black holes were first predicted by Einstein’s theory of relativity – although Einstein himself was sceptical that they actually existed. Since then, astronomers have accumulated overwhelming evidence that these cosmic sinkholes are out there, including recent detection of gravitational waves that ripple across the cosmos when pairs of them collide.

But black holes are so small, dark and distant that observing them directly requires a telescope with a resolution equivalent to being able to see a bagel on the moon. This was once thought to be an insurmountable challenge.

The EHT achieved the necessary firepower by combining data from eight of the world’s leading radio observatories, including the Atacama Large Millimetre Array (Alma) in Chile and the South Pole Telescope, creating an effective telescope the size of the Earth.

When observations were launched in 2017, the EHT had two primary targets. First was Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the centre of the Milky Way, which has a mass of about 4m suns. The second target, which yielded the image, was a supermassive black hole in the galaxy M87, into which the equivalent of 6bn suns of light and matter has disappeared.

The collaboration is still working on producing an image of the Milky Way’s black hole. “We hope to get that very soon,” said Doeleman.

The success of the project hinged on clear skies on several continents simultaneously and exquisite coordination between the eight far-flung teams. Observations at the different sites were coordinated using atomic clocks, called hydrogen masers, accurate to within one second every 100 million years. And, on one night in April 2017, everything came together. “We got super lucky, the weather was perfect,” said Ziri Younsi, a member of the EHT collaboration who is based at University College London.

The sheer volume of data generated was also unprecedented – in one night the EHT generated as much data as the Large Hadron Collider does in a year. This meant waiting for half a year for the South Pole data, which could only be shipped out at the end of Antarctic winter.

The observations are already giving scientists new insights into the weird environment close to black holes, where gravity is so fierce that reality as we know it is distorted beyond recognition.

At the event horizon, light is bent in a perfect loop around the black hole, meaning if you stood there you would be able to see the back of your own head. The observations also provide one of the most stringent tests to date of Einstein’s theory of general relativity: this predicts a rounded shape of the black hole’s halo, in line with what EHT has observed.

Scientists are also hoping to understand more about the origin of jets of radiation that are blasted out from the poles of some black holes at close to the speed of light, creating brilliant beacons that can be picked out across the cosmos. However, the observations do not yet reveal anything about the black hole’s inscrutable interior.

“The black hole is not the event horizon, it’s something inside. It could be something just inside the event horizon, an exotic object hovering just beneath the surface, or it could be a singularity at the centre … or a ring,” said Younsi. “It doesn’t yet give us an explanation of what’s going on inside.”

Heino Falcke, chair of the EHT science council, who is based at Radboud University in the Netherlands, said: “The big question for me is whether we’ll ever be able to transcend that limit. The answer may be maybe not. That’s frustrating but we’ll have to accept it.”

This infographic details the locations of the participating telescopes of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) and the Global mm-VLBI Array (GMVA). Their goal is to image, for the very first time, the shadow of the event horizon of the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way, as well as to study the properties of the accretion and outflow around the Galactic Centre.

Source: The Guardian

[nasa]

The International Space Station: Apex of International Collaboration

It’s National Space Day! To mark the occasion, we’re reflecting on the International Space Station, which has been continuously occupied since Nov. 2, 2000. As our orbiting laboratory that enables us to conduct important science off our home planet, the ISS allows researchers from all over the world to put their talents to work on innovative experiments in the microgravity environment. An international partnership of space agencies provides and operates the elements of the ISS. The principals are the space agencies of the United States, Russia, Europe, Japan and Canada. Although each space station partner has distinct agency goals for station research, each partner shares a unified goal to extend the resulting knowledge for the betterment of humanity! Here are 5 fun facts about our about our out-of-this world floating laboratory:

1. The ISS is a unique scientific platform that has enabled more than 3,600 researchers in 106 countries and areas to conduct more than 2,500 experiments in microgravity through February 2018—and the research continues. 

2. Astronauts and cosmonauts have conducted more than 205 spacewalks (and counting!) for space station construction, maintenance and repair since December 1998.

3. The station’s orbital path takes it over 90 percent of the Earth’s population, with astronauts taking millions of images of the planet below. 

4. Six spaceships can be connected to the space station at once.

5. An international crew of at most six people live and work while traveling at a speed of five miles per second, orbiting Earth about every 90 minutes.

Currently, six humans are living and working on the International Space Station, which orbits 250 miles above our planet at 17,500mph. 

Make sure to follow us on Tumblr for your regular dose of space: http://nasa.tumblr.com.

[photos-of-space]

Hubble Captures View of Mystic Mountain [2104 x 1937]

[myastronomynews]

هابل نگاهی به منظره ی عرفان دارد

[nasa]

We Found the Universe’s First Type of Molecule

For decades, astronomers searched the cosmos for what is thought to be the first kind of molecule to have formed after the Big Bang. Now, it has finally been found. The molecule is called helium hydride. It’s made of a combination of hydrogen and helium. Astronomers think the molecule appeared more than 13 billion years ago and was the beginning step in the evolution of the universe. Only a few kinds of atoms existed when the universe was very young. Over time, the universe transformed from a primordial soup of simple molecules to the complex place it is today — filled with a seemingly infinite number of planets, stars and galaxies. Using SOFIA, the world’s largest airborne observatory, scientists observed newly formed helium hydride in a planetary nebula 3,000 light-years away. It was the first ever detection of the molecule in the modern universe. Learn more about the discovery:

Helium hydride is created when hydrogen and helium combine. 

Since the 1970s, scientists thought planetary nebula NGC 7027—a giant cloud of gas and dust in the constellation Cygnus—had the right environment for helium hydride to exist. 

But space telescopes could not pick out its chemical signal from a medley of molecules. 

Enter SOFIA, the world’s largest flying observatory! 

By pointing the aircraft’s 106-inch telescope at the planetary nebula and using a tool that works like a radio receiver to tune in to the “frequency” of helium hydride, similar to tuning a radio to a favorite station…

…the molecule’s chemical signal came through loud and clear, bringing a decades-long search to a happy end.

SOFIA is a modified Boeing 747SP aircraft that allows astronomers to study the solar system and beyond in ways that are not possible with ground-based telescopes. Find out more about the mission at www.nasa.gov/SOFIA

Make sure to follow us on Tumblr for your regular dose of space: http://nasa.tumblr.com

[myastronomynews]

ما اولین نوع مولکول جهان را یافتیم

برای دهه ها، اخترشناسان جستجو شان را در کیهان  برای آنچه که اولین نوع مولکول است که بعد از انفجار بزرگ شکل گرفته است، آغاز کردند. در حال حاضر،  در نهایت آن را یافتند. این مولکول را هلیید    هیدروژن نامیده اند.این ترکیب از هیدروژن و هلیوم ساخته شده است. ستاره شناسان بر این باورند که این مولکول بیش از 13 میلیارد سال پیش ظاهر شده و گام نخست در تکامل جهان بود. تنها چند نوع اتم  وجود داشت وقتی که جهان بسیار جوان بود. با گذشت زمان، جهان از یک سوپ اولیه از مولکول های ساده تبدیل به مکان پیچیده ای شده است که امروزه پر از تعداد نامحدودی از سیارات، ستارگان است و . دانشمندان با استفاده از ،با استفاده از بزرگترین رصدخانه هوابرد در جهان، دانشمندان هیدروژن هلیوم   را در سحابی سیاره ای که 3000 سال نوری از آن دور بودند، مشاهده کردند. این اولین تشخیص  sofia مولکول در جهان مدرن با استفاده از رصد خانه SOFIA     بود. درباره کشف بیشتر بدانید

[myastronomynews]

Scientists invent way to trap mysterious 'dark world' particle at Large Hadron Collider. دانشمندان راهی را ابدا نموده اند تا ذرات ماه تاریک را در شتابدهنده بزرگ هادرون به دام به اندازند. حالا که دانشمندان بوزون هیگز را کشف نموده اند اهدافشان را برای شناسایی ذرات ناپایدار در هادرون بزرگ متمرکز نموده اند. اطراف ما را انرژی تاریک و ماده تاریک احاطه نموده است . ماده نامریی که در کل کهکشان باهمدیگر در ارتباط هستند و هیچکس در حال حاضر قادر به تشخیص آن بطور عینی و مستقیم نیست.....

Read more:https://phys.org/news/2019-04-scientists-mysterious-dark-world-particle.html

[myastronomynews]

Travel through wormholes is possible, but slow

فیزیکدان هاروارد نشان داده است که کرمچاله ها می توانند وجود داشته باشند:امکان سفر از طریق تونل ها در بعد چهارم( فضای زم

سفر از درون کرم چاله امکان پذیر است اما آهسته

[myastronomynews]

از گالری کیما آثار هنری خود را تهیه نمائید .Get your Artwork from the Kima Gallery (Enamel on pottery) https://www.instagram.com/kimaartgallery/

[myastronomynews]

How to take a picture of a black hole.

اولین عکس از یک سیاهچاله چگونه ثبت شد؟

کیتی بومن (Katie Bouman)، یکی از افراد تیم بزرگ و بین‌المللی ثبت و پردازش این تصویر، سال ۲۰۱۶ در یک سخنرانی TEDx از چگونگی دریافت و پردازش اطلاعات و پیچیدگی فنی آن صحبت می‌کند.

یوی این سخنرانی زیرنویس فارسی دارد و می‌توانید در تنظیمات سایت تد زیرنویس فارسی را فعال 

کنید. ویدیو را می‌توانید در لینک زیر ببینید:

https://www.ted.com/talks/katie_bouman_what_does_a_black_hole_look_like?fbclid=IwAR1BTi2UGpzXLC6UG-cQnBBX1fo5157x-fGSWDiODXvGxGBwAvh3BJsCqC8#t-2532

At the heart of the Milky Way, there's a supermassive black hole that feeds off a spinning disk of hot gas, sucking up anything that ventures too close -- even light. We can't see it, but its event horizon casts a shadow, and an image of that shadow could help answer some important questions about the universe. Scientists used to think that making such an image would require a telescope the size of Earth -- until Katie Bouman and a team of astronomers came up with a clever alternative. Bouman explains how we can take a picture of the ultimate dark using the Event Horizon Telescope.

[space-pics]

Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter captured a fresh impact crater near Sirenum Fossae, a trough in the Memnonia quadrangle of Mars.

[myastronomynews]

l\مدار گرد شناسایی مریخ یک دهانه برخوردی جدید را شناسایی کرده است.

[apod]

2019 March 25

Arp 194: Merging Galaxy Group Image Credit: NASA, ESA, Hubble; Processing & License: Judy Schmidt

Explanation: Why are stars forming in the bridge between these colliding galaxies? Usually when galaxies crash, star formation is confined to galaxy disks or tidal tails. In Arp 194, though, there are bright knots of young stars right in a connecting bridge. Analyses of images and data including the featured image of Arp 194 from Hubble, as well as computer simulations of the interaction, indicate that the bottom galaxy passed right through the top galaxy within the past 100 million years. The result has left a stream of gas that is now falling toward the bottom galaxy. Astronomers hypothesize that stars form in this bridge because of the recent fading of turbulence after the rapid collision. In about a billion years, the galaxies – including a smaller galaxy superposed on the upper galaxy (see it?) – will all merge into one larger galaxy.

∞ Source: apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap190325.html

[apod]

2019 March 27

NGC 1333: Stellar Nursery in Perseus Image Credit & Copyright: Steve Milne, Barry Wilson - Processing: Steve Milne

Explanation: NGC 1333 is seen in visible light as a reflection nebula, dominated by bluish hues characteristic of starlight reflected by interstellar dust. A mere 1,000 light-years distant toward the heroic constellation Perseus, it lies at the edge of a large, star-forming molecular cloud. This striking close-up spans about two full moons on the sky or just over 15 light-years at the estimated distance of NGC 1333. It shows details of the dusty region along with telltale hints of contrasty red emission from Herbig-Haro objects, jets and shocked glowing gas emanating from recently formed stars. In fact, NGC 1333 contains hundreds of stars less than a million years old, most still hidden from optical telescopes by the pervasive stardust. The chaotic environment may be similar to one in which our own Sun formed over 4.5 billion years ago.

∞ Source: apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap190327.html

[myastronomynews]

NGC 1333 در نور مرئی به عنوان یک سحابی انعکاسی دیده می شود که تحت تاثیر رنگ های مایل به آبی است که مشخصه نور ستاره ای که منعکس کننده گرد و غبار بین ستارهای است.

[myastronomynews]

Ultra-sharp images make old stars look absolutely marvelous.

نگاهی به روند شکل گیری جهان با تصاویر بسیار دقیق از ستاره گان قدیمی

https://phys.org/news/2019-03-ultra-sharp-images-stars-absolutely-marvelous.html

[myastronomynews]

Galactic center visualization delivers star power.

دانشمندان ناسا با استفاده از داده های تلسکوپ چاندارا و با ستفاده از ابر کامپیوتر های ناسا توانستند وقایع درون مرکز کهکشان راه شیری و بیرون آنرا در واقعیت مجازی 360 درجه با عینک مجازی شبیه سازی نمایند (ازدیدن دو ویدئو ها بدون عینک) لذت ببرید.

https://phys.org/news/2019-03-galactic-center-visualization-star-power.html

https://youtu.be/wBxW2_B9_Is

https://youtu.be/HELhXDG-Mck

[myastronomynews]

Spacewalking astronauts swap out space station's batteries (Update)

فضا نوردان ایستگاه فضایی بین المللی در روز جمعه بعد از 6 ساعت و 39 دقیقه باطریهای نیکل هیدروژنی

  می را با باطریهای لتیومی یونی پر قدرت تعویض کردند انجام این کار در حالی انجام شد که از دیدن زیبای 

سیاره زمین لذت بردند

https://phys.org/news/2019-03-astronauts-spacewalk-swap-space-station.html 

[myastronomynews]

روز جهانی خوشبختی

روز جهانی خوشبختی: فنلاندی‌ها در صدر، ایران در میان ۱۵۶ کشور در رتبه ۱۱۷ ۲۸ اسفند "روز جهانی خوشبختی" است. بر اساس "گزارش جهانی خوشبختی سال ۲۰۱۹"، فنلاندی‌ها خوشبخت‌ترین مردم جهان‌اند و مردم سودان جنوبی در پایین‌ترین نقطه جدول قرار گرفته‌اند. دو سوم بزرگسالان در آلمان احساس خوشبختی می‌کنند. گزارش جهانی خوشبختی مربوط به سال ۲۰۱۹ نشان می‌دهد که فنلاندی‌ها برای دومین سال پیاپی، خوشبخت‌ترین مردم دنیا هستند. کارشناسان می‌گویند، این کشور کوچک شمال اروپا موفق شده نسخه‌ و دستورالعملی برای خوشبختی درست کند که صرفا وابسته به رفاه اقتصادی نیست. گزارش جهانی خوشبختی توسط "شبکه یا کارگروه سازمان ملل متحد برای ارائه راه‌حل‌هایی به منظور توسعه پایدار" (SDSN) تهیه شده است. مؤسسه گردآورنده این گزارش در ۱۵۶ کشور، خوشبختی شهروندان را با معیارهایی چون رفاه اقتصادی، امید به زندگی، حمایت اجتماعی و آزادی انتخاب در زندگی در زمینه‌های گوناگون، سنجیده است. این گزارش که روز چهارشنبه مصادف با روز جهانی خوشبختی منتشر شده، نشان می‌دهد، حال مردم کشورهای اروپای شمالی چون دانمارک، نروژ و ایسلند هم که در پله‌های بعدی پس از فنلاند ایستاده‌اند، خوب است. ایران در جدول شاخص سعادت کشورهای جهان، امسال در رتبه ۱۱۷ قرار گرفته است که نسبت به سال گذشته ۱۱ رتبه سقوط کرده است. رتبه ایالات متحده آمریکا امسال از ۱۸ به ۱۹ تنزل یافته است. آلمانی‌ها احساس خوشبختی می‌کنند، مردم سودان جنوبی، نه! آلمانی‌ها در این رتبه‌بندی در مرتبه ۱۵ام قرار گرفته‌اند. بر پایه نظرسنجی‌های انجام شده، دو سوم از بزرگسالان در آلمان در حال حاضر احساس خوشبختی می‌کنند. از هر ۴ نفر یک نفر این حس را ندارد. هلند، سوئیس، سوئد، نیوزلند، کانادا و اتریش رتبه‌های ۵ تا ۱۰ گزارش جهانی خوشبختی امسال را به خود اختصاص داده‌اند. سودان جنوبی در آخرین رتبه، یعنی ۱۵۶‌امین پله ایستاده است. سوریه جایگاه ۱۴۹ام، یمن ۱۵۱ام و افغانستان رتبه ۱۵۴ را از میان ۱۵۶ کشور مورد بررسی قرار گرفته، به خود اختصاص داده‌اند. روسیه در جایگاه ۶۸ام، چین در جایگاه ۹۳ام و هند در جایگاه ۱۴۰ ام نشسته است. تمرکز گزارش بر تأثیر جامعه بر خوشبختی گزارش امسال بر موضوع "شادی و جامعه" تمرکز دارد و بررسی این موضوع که چگونه حس شادی و خوشبختی در سال‌های گذشته با توجه به عواملی چون رسانه‌های اجتماعی، فناوری، هنجارهای اجتماعی، درگیری‌ها و سیاست‌های دولت که این تغییرات را سبب شده است، تغییر کرده است. جان هلی‌ول، پرفسور دانشگاه بریتیش کلمبیا و یکی از دست‌اندرکاران این گزارش می‌نویسد: «اینکه چگونه کامیونیتی‌های گوناگون با یکدیگر در مدرسه، محل کار، در همسایگی یا در شبکه‌های اجتماعی در تعامل هستند، تأثیر ژرفی بر حس شادی و خوشبختی دارد.» سازمان ملل متحد در نشست خود در ۲۸ ژوئن ۲۰۱۲ روز ۲۰ مارس (۲۸ اسفند) را به عنوان روز جهانی خوشبختی تعیین کرد. سازمان ملل متحد تعیین روزی در سال به نام "روز  جهانی خوشبختی" را بهانه‌ای می‌داند برای قدرشناسی از کشورهایی که رفاه را با روش و معیارهایی می‌سنجند که از رفاه مادی فراتر می‌رود.

https://www.dw.com/fa-ir/world-happiness-day/a-47990756?maca=per-Facebook-dw&fbclid=IwAR2D_wuLrz0IEdZA66SX8_xu_YEmnX4A1BHqKuvxKRvpBIY_oZR2TpAcD5c

[myastronomynews]

Earth Day.

Hi My friends. I like photography, astronomy, mountaineer, planet earth. I believe that animals similar to humans have “life right” on the earth. The evolution plants & animals were before humans. If they are become destroy by humans the life & live are impossible. Our lives have dependence to living other creatures. I like to exchange ideas about photography, astronomy, explore the planet earth.