Introduction:- In today's time, the way one-word internet and social media are being searched the most, whose name is Viruses. Because in this time, the way Corona Virus has spread all over the world and has become a huge epidemic and has scared the whole world, in such a situation the question has arisen in the minds of the people what is this virus that is affecting the people?
It even takes life, that's why today, through this article, we tell you what is this virus. How many types of viruses are there and how do they attack our bodies? And how to avoid it? We are going to give complete information about it, that's why you must read this post completely, then let's start.
Therefore today in this post of ORS TUBE we are going to give you information related to What is Virus?
What are Viruses?
Viruses are very small germs or viruses that consist of genetic material within a protein coat. The genetic material of this virus may be in the form of RNA or DNA, which generally consists of protein, lipid, and glycoprotein. They are surrounded by a shell or a combination of all three. Viruses can infect any animal, plant, or bacteria and often cause very serious and even fatal diseases.
How does a virus work?
A virus cannot grow without the help of a living cell, but it can still spread. Viruses do not have the ability to reproduce themselves and are therefore not considered normal living organisms. And it occurs in both dead and living states. Viruses are like thugs.
They attack only living cells and use those cells to multiply other viruses like themselves. Viruses can kill cells and can also damage or change cells and make you sick. Different types of viruses attack the cells of certain organs in your body, such as your liver, respiratory system, or blood.
Some of the well-known viruses include the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which causes AIDS, the herpes simplex virus which causes cold sores, chicken pox, and multiple sclerosis, and the human papillomavirus which now causes cervical cancer in adult women.
Corona (COVID -19) is believed to attack our liver, and the common cold is also caused by viruses. And even today the question of the origin of new viruses is surrounded by mystery, the diseases caused by these viruses or viruses and the methods to cure them are still at an early stage of development.
Viruses are extremely small and range from about 20 – 400 nanometers in diameter. The largest viruses, known as mimiviruses, measure up to 500 nanometers in diameter.
How many Types of viruses are there?
Viruses are classified on the basis of the type of their host. On this basis, Holmes divided the viruses into three groups in 1948. Which are as follows:
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Animal virus
This type of वायरस infects the cells of animals including humans, which is why they are called animal viruses. Such as influenza virus, rabies virus, mumps virus (causing mumps), poliovirus, smallpox virus, hepatitis virus, rhinovirus (the virus causing the common cold), etc. Their genetic material is RNA or DNA.
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Plant virus
This type of virus infects plants, hence this वायरस is called a plant virus. Their genetic material is only RNA which remains in the shell of protein. For example, there are Tobacco Mosaic Virus, Potato Virus, Banana Bunchy Top Virus, Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus, Beet Yellow Virus, Turnip Yellow Virus, etc.
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Bacteriophage
Viruses of this type that infect the cells of bacteria or bacteria are known as bacteriophages or bacteria-eating viruses. They contain only DNA as genetic material. There are many types of bacteriophages. Generally, each type of bacteriophage attacks only one species or only one strain of bacteria.
How does the वायरस spread?
Viruses enter our body through the nose, mouth, or skin by any means from the environment or through other persons through the soil, water, or air and look for a cell to infect.
For example, the वायरस of cold, cold or flu attacks those cells which are in the respiratory ie lungs or digestive tract ie stomach. HIV (human immunodeficiency वायरस), which causes AIDS, also attacks the T-cells of our immune system, which are a type of white blood cells that fight infection and disease.Virus infections are spread in humans in basically the same way:
- The वायरस infection spreads when a person who has cold coughs or sneezes.
- The virus spreads by touching or shaking hands with the hands of another person who is infected with any type of वायरस.
- If a person touches food with dirty hands and eats it, the virus spreads to the intestine as well.
- Viruses, especially viral infections such as hepatitis or AIDS, are transmitted to other persons by ingestion of bodily fluids such as blood, saliva, and semen, and by sexual contact.
Diseases caused by viruses
Viruses cause diseases in multicellular i.e. more than one cell organism. In humans, viruses can cause many types of diseases such as:
- Corona (COVID-19)
- Chickenpox
- AIDS
- Common cold
- The plague
- Influenza
- Genital herpes
- Measles
- Polio
- Rabies
- Ebola hemorrhagic fever
And even some types of cancer have been linked to the वायरस. In some cases, it can also be difficult to determine whether the cause of your symptoms is a bacteria or a virus.
Many diseases such as pneumonia, meningitis, and diarrhea can be caused by either bacteria or viruses. Viral diseases affecting animals are also caused by viruses, such as rabies, foot-and-mouth disease, bird flu, and swine flu. Plant diseases include mosaic disease, ring spot, leaf curl, and leaf roll disease.
What to do to avoid viruses?
Whenever a वायरस enters our body, we do not always get sick but sometimes our immune system is able to fight against this वायरस. If you have had a viral infection, an immunoglobulin blood test is done to help rule out different conditions that may be causing it. In most cases of viral infections, treatment only helps to ease the symptoms, so you can just wait to fight the virus through your immune system.
Antibiotics do not work for viral infections. Antiviral drugs are given to treat some viral infections. But in most cases, the virus can be saved by fighting our immune system.
But there are also vaccines available that can help protect you from many viral diseases. Vaccines have been very effective in preventing certain types of viral infections, such as smallpox. Vaccines work by helping the body's immune system fight against specific types of viruses.
And recently, a variety of new antiviral drugs are being developed, which prevent the virus from multiplying in the body, but unfortunately, these treatments can still be used on very few viruses and their effectiveness is still very limited. are limited.
You can avoid the virus by these methods:
- Clean your hands often before preparing or eating food and avoid touching your eyes, nose, or mouth after using the bathroom or changing diapers Keep it.
- When you sneeze or cough, cover your mouth and nose with your elbow instead of your hands.
- Hand washing is the most effective and most overlooked way of preventing the virus. But soap and water work to kill the virus. Wash your hands for at least 20 seconds and rub and clean both your hands together. Disposable hand wipes or gel sanitizers also work well.
NOTE:- we hope that what are the viruses from this article? How many types are they and how do they spread? You must have got all the information related to this if you liked this article of ours.
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