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Immunodeficiency

There are more than 200 primary immunodeficiency diseases recognized by the World Health Organization.

How does an immunodeficiency present itself?

Immunodeficiency disorders usually result from use of a drug or from a long-lasting serious disorder (such as cancer) but occasionally are inherited.

People usually have frequent, unusual, or unusually severe or prolonged infections.

Doctors suspect immunodeficiency based on symptoms and do blood tests to identify the particular disorder.

People may be given antimicrobial drugs (such as antibiotics) to prevent and treat infections.

Immune globulin may be given if there are too few antibodies (immunoglobulins) or they are not functioning normally.

If the disorder is severe, stem cell transplantation is sometimes done.

Immunodeficiency disorders are not limited to specific types of symptoms but they all stem from a deficiency in the body’s immune system.

What are the causes of immunodeficiency?

Humoral immunity, which involves B cells (lymphocytes), a type of white blood cell that produces antibodies (immunoglobulins)

Cellular immunity, which involves T cells (lymphocytes), a type of white blood cell that helps identify and destroy foreign or abnormal cells

Both humoral and cellular immunity

Phagocytes (cells that ingest and kill microorganisms)

Complement proteins (proteins with various immune functions, such as killing bacteria and other foreign cells and making foreign cells easier for other immune cells to identify and ingest—see Complement System)

Make sure if you have any of the above symptoms to go to a professional to seek medical care and a reliable opinion about your possible condition. Immunodeficiency does not have to cripple you; there are many ways to live with these deficiencies as long as you are aware of what is happening in your body.

"Innate Immunity." : Biology of the Immune System: Merck Manual Home Edition. Merck Manuals, 2014. Web. 27 Nov. 2014.

#immunodeficiency #emoryhealth

The Link Between Texting and Sleep Difficulties

A professor at Washington & Lee University has recently linked heavy texting to sleep problems. In order to conduct this study, the professor "examined links among interpersonal stress, text-messaging behavior, and three indicators of college students' health: burnout, sleep problems and emotional well-being." Essentially, the study concluded that more texting was linked with poorer sleep.

In conducting this study, the professor asked questions that aimed at gauging the students' academic and social burnout. Furthermore, the students were asked to record how many texts they both send and receive daily.

"Among the potential causes for this connection are two tendencies: students' feeling pressured to respond immediately to texts, no matter what time of day or night, and students' sleeping with the phone nearby, thus being awakened by the alerts from incoming texts."

Furthermore, there was a correlation between texting and psychological vulnerability, as "text messaging is a uniquely unsuitable mode of communication for coping with interpersonal stress in close relationships." Instead of fostering relationships with their peers or de-stressing in other ways, students often turn to texting and social media as a false means of dealing with their stress.

In order to combat sleep difficulties, it is crucial that students either turn their phone on "do not disturb," or completely off at night. By doing so, students are likely to fall asleep faster because they will not be distracted by the outside world or the bright light of the screen. This will, in turn, lead to more effective sleep and study habits, as well as an overall decline in sleeping disorders.

Washington and Lee University. "Study links heavy texting, sleep problems in college freshmen." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 26 September 2013. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/09/130926111901.htm>.

Norovirus plagued the Emory campus for the past two weeks, infecting over 200 students, faculty and staff. “Norovirus is a very contagious virus. You can get norovirus from an infected person, contaminated food or water, or by touching contaminated surfaces. Norovirus is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in the United States. Each year, it causes 19-21 million illnesses and contributes to 56,000-71,000 hospitalizations and 570-800 deaths. Norovirus is also the most common cause of foodborne-disease outbreaks in the United States. The best way to help prevent norovirus is to practice proper hand washing and general cleanliness.” Norovirus is an acute inflammation of the intestines and results in vomiting and diarrhea. These symptoms create extreme dehydration and lead many people to go to the hospital for immediate care. Many students admitted to being scared of the virus, rightly so.

The virus is extremely contagious, uncomfortable and it is dangerous because it can be caught more than once. Norovirus is associated with the term Cruise Virus which is not completely true. The CDC has shown the virus to be more of an issue in food preparation rather than specifically in cruises. It is important for managers of restaurants and services that prepare food for the public to monitor the cleanliness and physical health of its employers frequently. When going out to eat, make sure to check the rating of the restaurant and beware of restaurants with B ratings. Restaurants like these have been marked to let the public know that the restaurant is not as clean as other restaurants.

Aleccia, Jonel. "Norovirus: Think Restaurants, Not Cruise Ships, CDC Says."NBC News. NBC News, 03 June 2014. Web. 30 Nov. 2014.

"Overview." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 26 July 2013. Web. 30 Nov. 2014.

#norovirus #emoryhealth

A Guide to Sleeping Better!

According to "Campus Mind Works" at the University of Michigan, there are 3 things that could help people sleep better. It is important to keep these tips in mind as one gears towards bed time.

Stop using all technology 30 min before bed- no cell phone- no lap top- no kindle. The light block melatonin which can help you fall asleep. A 30 min wind down with relaxation and reading (a paper book) can make it easier to fall asleep.

No caffeine after 3 PM.

Sleep only an hour longer during the weekend than your latest weekday wake-up time.

Throughout the day, in order to ease the sleeping process at night, one should get some physical activity and maintain a regular meal schedule. Likewise, they should limit caffeine and avoid naps during the day.

A reported 73% of college students reported that they have sleeping difficulty, which is incredibly concerning considering that sleep helps regulate the high stress levels that are inevitable in college.

Most college students are not sure how to know how much sleep they need. Here is an effective guide.

"Most adults need an average of eight hours of restful sleep per night. But this varies by individual. The best way to determine the right amount of sleep for you is to spend one week waking up naturally without an alarm clock. At the end of the week, average out the amount of sleep you received each night."

Simply, one's body tells you how much sleep you need, and one shouldn't neglect what their body is telling them. At the same time, one should be aware of oversleeping, which can ignite heart problems, obesity, and cognitive impairment.

"The Importance of Sleep." Healthmindworks. N.p., 9 Mar. 2014. Web. 18 Nov. 2014. <http://campusmindworks.org/students/self_care/sleep.asp>.

"The Importance of Sleep - what's in it for you?"

In the following video, sleep expert Mary O'Malley talks about the inevitable benefits of good sleeping habits. In particular, O'Malley emphasizes that the brain "rehearses" what it went through during the day during a night of sleep. This is particularly important for teenagers and high school students to remember, as the brain actually learns what was studied during sleep! This echoes the common belief that getting a good night of sleep the night before a test is much more effective than cramming all night. Of course, the best of both worlds and best balance would be to study early and go to bed early. Still, the brain is very active during the sleep process and is critical to both mental and physical developments, such as releasing growth hormones, strengthening immune systems, and repairing cells. Simply, sleep is an undeniable facet of a healthy lifestyle.

Furthermore, throughout the video, Mary O'Malley talks about how the body is restored during sleep. Sleep, therefore, can have a positive or negative effect on an adolescent's growth process, especially during puberty. A lack of sleep hinders growth, and dramatically impacts one's physical appearance. Ultimately, during sleep, our body grows and develops, our body heals injuries, and our body gets the so-called "beauty rest" that it deserves. All of this is key to health and wellness and should not be forgotten or sacrificed.

When teenagers prioritize sleep, the effects are drastically positive. Therefore, in the college environment, sleep should be encouraged and not sacrificed for grades or socializing.

O'Malley, Mary. "The Importance of Sleep - What's in It for You?" YouTube. YouTube, n.d. Web. 10 Nov. 2014. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6QAHeHocoZU>.

Stress and Weight

We have all heard different causes for obesity: lack of exercise, overeating, and metabolic rate are the most known. However, all of these characteristics can be attributed, at least in part, to stress. Yet as college students, stress is an ever-present part of college life and difficult to avoid. So what needs to be done? First, let’s look at the facts.

In a study by an Iranian medical team, scientists tested the effect of psychological distress on weight concern and weight control behaviors. About 9500 randomly sampled subjects took a twelve question health questionnaire and were consequently divided into low stress and high stress groups. First, the study found that a larger proportion of those with high stress are obese. Then among the overweight or obese subjects, the higher levels of stress were associated with lower weight concern and lower acceptable physical activity. Essentially, the lack of concern provided significant evidence that those with higher stress levels are prone to weight gain and obesity. Fortunately, higher stress and weight were also linked to higher rates of healthy diet behavior, so if you find yourself on this path, the odds are in your favor to get out of this cycle.

This study showed that stress management should be a crucial component in obesity prevention and control programs. Stressing over assignments, work, or emotional problems can cause subconscious snacking and overeating. Therefore, controlling your stress may be the first step in eating a healthy diet and preserving your physical health. As long you can be aware of your stress levels and be in control, physical health will follow.

Information from:

Roohafza H, Kabir A, Sadeghi M, Shokouh P, Aalaei-Andabili SH, Mehrabi Y, et al. "Psychological distress effect on weight concern and weigh control behaviors." Arch Iran Med 17.9(2014): 608 – 612. PubMed. Web. 8 Nov. 2014.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25204476

#basicsofhealthyeating

Choose Healthy Now!

The population in Hawaii combats obesity to a greater degree than those on continental United States. About 24% of adults are obese, and 33% are overweight. Although this may seem like a large percentage, it is not far from the direction the rest of the United States is going if we’re not careful. Taking this into account, a group dedicated to promoting public health chose to establish Choose Healthy Now! Project. This pilot project provided funding to increase availability of healthy foods to work environments.

Hawaii’s Department of Health and Department of Human Services' Division of Vocational Rehabilitation Ho‘opono Vending Program collaborated to bring healthier choices to six worksites across the area. The groups offered healthier options in vending machines, but they did not stop there. They also labelled foods with three stickers: green for healthy, yellow for caution, and red for detrimental foods. Posters and signs were also placed around the buildings and cafeterias to raise awareness for healthier choices, and efforts were made to remind and encourage employers for healthier eating options.

As a result, employees admitted to more consciously making healthy choices. Also, during work breaks, employees were more likely to choose healthy choices rather than soda or salty snacks when they were color coded with a red sticker.

So what does this tell college students? Sticker or no sticker, students need to be aware of what category of food you are eating. So next time, pay attention. What sticker would you be putting on your food?

Study from: Mather, Carolyn Donahoe and McGurk, Meghan. "Promoting Healthy Snack and Beverage Choices in Hawai‘i Worksites: The Choose Healthy Now! Pilot Project." Hawaii J. Med Public Health 73.11 (2014): 365-370. PubMed. Web. 7 Nov. 2014

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4238126/

#choosehealthynow #basicsofhealthyeating

The Flu is not inevitable

Getting the flu is not inevitable and you can take specific steps to help prevent the flu. A few of these steps include: washing hands with soap and water often (you can use alcohol-based hand rub as a substitute). Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth with your hands. Avoid contact with people who are showing flu symptoms. Practice good health habits such as sleeping, exercise and diet (including drinking lots of fluids to keep yourself hydrated). Cover your nose/mouth when sneezing and throw out the tissues. Stay away from others if you are exhibiting flu symptoms.

Hand washing is extremely important since we are always in contact with objects that are open to the public such as: public restrooms, door handles, desks, elevator buttons, light switches and many more objects. After touching things such as those mentioned above, make sure to avoid touching your eyes, mouth and nose.

Many people often think that fighting through flu/cold symptoms will make their symptoms disappear. While sometimes, this mentality can help symptoms, most of the time it hinders the body’s ability to fight off the virus. Giving your body rest is just as important as exercising it. If you are feeling any flu symptoms, make sure to allow your body time to rest.

Avoiding the flu can be made easier when one takes good care of his or her own physical health. It is important to remember that getting the flu shot can lower the possibility of your getting the flu immensely. But even if one gets the flu shot, there is a chance that he/she will get a mutated form of the flu, which is why it is important to take necessary precautions to prevent the flu. Staying on top of one’s physical health allows the immune system to work at top speed, fighting off any viruses or illnesses as quickly and efficiently as possible.

"Prevention." Prevention of the Flu. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, 13 Aug. 2014. Web. 1 Nov. 2014.

#physical health #flu #hand washing #emoryhealth

Sleep and the Teenage Brain

In her commencement address at Smith College, Arianna Huffington asserted that “Sleep deprivation will profoundly affect your creativity, your productivity, and your decision-making.” Nonetheless, many high school and college students alike suffer from a lack of sleep. Between managing homework, clubs, sports, and socializing, there doesn't seem to be enough time in the day to make sleep a priority in college. This needs to change.

"The lack of sleep affects the teenage brain in similar ways to the adult brain, only more so. Chronic sleep deprivation in adolescents diminishes the brain’s ability to learn new information, and can lead to emotional issues like depression and aggression. Researchers now see sleep problems as a cause, and not a side effect, of teenage depression. In one study by researchers at Columbia University, teens who went to bed at 10 p.m. or earlier were less likely to suffer from depression or suicidal thoughts than those who regularly stayed awake well after midnight."

All-nighters, while sometimes necessary, need to be avoided. The effect of good sleep cycle is profound, even quantifiable through higher test scores. Beyond that, sleep hinders depression, aggression, and promotes a happier lifestyle filled with creativity and critical thinking. Societal movements on the elementary, middle school, and high school level to push school-start times later are underway. But, in college, it is up to the individual to understand and utilize the benefits of a good night's sleep. It is crucial to remember that all facets of physical health tie back to your body's ability to rejuvenate and prepare for the next day.

http://www.brainpickings.org/2013/07/17/sleep-and-the-teenage-brain/

Popova, Maria. "Sleep and the Teenage Brain." Brain Pickings. Brain Pickings, 13 July 2013. Web. 1 Nov. 2014. <http://www.brainpickings.org/2013/07/17/sleep-and-the-teenage-brain/>

Happy Healthy Heart

Not only is it important to eat healthy, it is also important to be educated regarding what types of food are actually considered healthy. One of the most imperative pieces of knowledge is being aware that healthy eating is directly linked with cardiovascular health. Even if you are eating healthy, it is important to be conscious of eating foods that will not be detrimental to your heart, in addition to the rest of your body.

In a study by the College of Medicine in Penn State, scientists tested whether awareness of nutritional information would change students’ eating behaviors. They also educated the children on the relationship between high cholesterol (because of trans fat and saturated fats) and high risk of cardiovascular disease. They measured cholesterol levels of the participants during spring of freshman year and spring of sophomore year for any improvement. As expected, after students were educated what foods would make cardiovascular disease more likely in the next 30 years, they avoided it and cholesterol levels decreased.

So here are a few heart healthy tips!

Avoid processed foods and go all natural.

Remember that salads are healthy, but dressing is not.

Choose to eat in rather than eat out.

Fruits and vegetables are a safe bet for a healthy meal.

Most importantly, watch your cholesterol and harmful fat intake! Some fat is good for your body, but never too much.

Cheers to another healthy meal.

Information from:

Vargas, EJ. Zelis, R. 2013. “Integrating nutrition education into the cardiovascular curriculum changes eating habits of second-year medical students.” Journal of Clinical Lipidology 8.2 (2013): 199-205. PubMed. Web. 28 Oct. 2014.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1933287413003413

#healthyheart

The Science Behind College Diets

How many times have you gone to your college dining hall and made a conscious effort to pick your food? Although many of you do actively avoid the dessert bar or sodas, are you careful about having a balanced meal? If you do give conscious effort, surprisingly enough, you are one of few.

In a study of female freshmen, researchers surveyed various subjects in a variety of areas using careful sampling techniques in order to determine the eating habits of these freshmen. For these subjects, researchers focused on responses when they asked their subjects about their daily intake of fruits and vegetables. As the responses grew more and more nuanced and technical do to the unwillingness of a few subjects, the answer became very clear. The subjects admitted to consuming a larger proportion of carbohydrates, sweets, and protein than recommended while consuming fewer vegetables and fruit. However, these results were found to be indicative of the entire population of college freshmen—a group apparently struggling with their increase in autonomy regarding food. Due to hunger, temptation, boredom, or stress, young adults were more likely to eat unhealthy food than many other populations researchers have studied.

Of the people surveyed who ate healthy diets, they did so to uphold their body image and social norms. Also, if healthy foods were easier to access than unhealthy (which is usually not the case), these students were more likely to eat a balanced diet consistently.

So what do you do?

Focus on what you put on your plate. How many natural colors can you get?

Keep a positive self-perception. You are what you eat!

Try to make at least half your plate made of fruits and vegetables.

These are basic steps to get you started on the path to eating healthy, and consequently, preserving physical health.

Information from:

Kedem, LE.Evans, EM. Chapman-Novakofski, K. 2014. "Psychometric Evaluation of Dietary Self-Efficacy and Outcome Expectation Scales in Female College Freshmen." Behavior Modification (2014). PubMed. Web. 28 Oct. 2014.

Also found at: http://bmo.sagepub.com/content/early/2014/07/16/0145445514543467.full.pdf+html

#basicsofhealthyeating #eating101 #food #collegediets

preventing the flu with physical health

Going to college entails beginning a completely different lifestyle than most people are used to. Many students live on campus often many miles and hours away from their home environment. Living in a dorm makes you vulnerable to many more physical issues such as illness. Since some students go to schools far away from their home environment, their immune systems are not fully prepared for the storm of viruses and bacterial infections that college life brings about.

It is important to understand what the flu symptoms are so that you can take care of yourself properly.

Flu symptoms include:

A 100oF or higher fever or feeling feverish (not everyone with the flu has a fever)

A cough and/or sore throat

A runny or stuffy nose

Headaches and/or body aches

Chills

Fatigue

Nausea, vomiting, and/or diarrhea (most common in children)

One of the most important things you can do for yourself to avoid getting sick is to take care of your physical health. This includes exercise, eating healthily and practicing sanitary health. Being away from home may mean less supervision from an adult figure, but it also means that you have more responsibility in your own self care. It is crucial to wash your hands conscientiously and bathe periodically. This may not prevent all colds but it will up your chances of avoiding the worst situations. It is also important to make sure that you are up to date with all immunizations including the flu shot. Though the flu shot cannot prevent all variations of the flu, it will protect for the generic flu which is better than nothing.

If you are feeling any of the above flu symptoms it is important to keep up with physical health. A few important physical health tips: 1) stay hydrated. Hydration will ensure the quickest recovery time for your body. 2) get enough sleep. A well rested body will be ready to fight off the flu. 3) listen to your body. Our bodies are very intuitive organisms and often times we do not listen to them. If your body is sore and fatigued, intense exercise may not be the best idea. Sometimes talking a walk in the fresh air can be helpful but intense exercise uses up valuable energy your body needs to recover.

Works Cited: "Treatment." For the Flu. US Department of Health and Human Services, 23 Oct. 2014. Web. 02 Nov. 2014.

#illness #college life #physical health

Green Exercise: Beneficial to Physical and Emotional Health

Have you ever felt satisfied, comforted, or peaceful after spending or during time spent outdoors? There is something different about spending the day inside versus spending the day outside. When combined with exercise, the outdoors can provide an even better benefit that either can provide by itself. This so called “green exercise” combines the positive effects of being outside and the positive effects of exercise to produce amazing benefits to one’s health.

A study from 2006 sought to uncover the effects of “green exercise” on physical and mental health. 20 subjects were separated into 5 different groups that received different treatments while running on a treadmill. Each group was exposed to scenes in one of the following categories: rural pleasant, rural unpleasant urban pleasant, urban unpleasant, or no scene (control). Blood pressure, self-esteem, and mood were being tracked for the experiment. Exercise, by itself, lowered blood pressure, increased self-esteem, and had positive effects on mood measures. The rural and urban pleasant treatments, however, had significantly higher benefits than the control group of just exercise. The rural and urban unpleasant scenes reduced the positive effects of exercise with the rural unpleasant scenes having the most depressing effects. The researchers in the study were able to conclude that green exercise has important benefits on improving health, especially physical and emotional health.

So, the next time you are about to head out to the gym, try putting down the car keys and complete your routine outside. You’re exercise will have much better benefits when you spend time outside!

Information for the study can be found at:

Pretty, J., Peacock, J., Sellens, M., & Griffin, M. (2005). The Mental And Physical Health Outcomes Of Green Exercise. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 15(5), 319-337. Retrieved October 22, 2014, from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09603120500155963

October: Breast Cancer Awareness

It is well known that October is breast cancer awareness month. Football players, baseball players, walkers, and runners are covered in pink apparel in order to support research and awareness of breast cancer. Most people, however, do not know that all of the breast cancer walks are actually very important role in the treatment, recovery, and prevention of cancer.

A French study found a correlation between exercise and a decreased chance of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The information found in this study is not different from the already known benefits of exercise on physical health. It is very important to stay active and informed as you get older. In this study, women who were exercising for 30 minutes a day were 10% less likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer. Every year, 232,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer. A 10% reduction in this number would be a huge impact on the lives on many women. In the study of 59,000 women, 2,100 were diagnosed with breast cancer, but if exercise were removed, it would have affected 200-300 more women than it did.

Although it has not been confirmed with evidence, it is believed that exercise boosts your immune system leading to a better response to cancer. Exercise does not mean being drenched in sweat or totally out of breath; a simple walk or relaxing exercise will do the trick. The vigor of the exercise is not as important as the act of exercising. All you need to do is just get out there and do what you are comfortable with.

How will you structure your day so that you can have 30 minutes to do some exercise?

Tehard, B., Friedenreich, C., Oppert, J., & Clavel-Chapelon, F. (2005, October 10). Effect of Physical Activity on Women at Increased Risk of Breast Cancer: Results from the E3N Cohort Study. Effect of Physical Activity on Women at Increased Risk of Breast Cancer: Results from the E3N Cohort Study. Retrieved October 18, 2014, from http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/15/1/57.short#cited-by

Exercise: An Important Component of Physical Health

How do you improve your physical health? One of the best ways to improve, and also an important component of physical health is exercise. According to the Merriam Webster Dictionary, exercise is a “physical activity that is done in order to become stronger and healthier.” It is a deliberate action with structure and repetition. It has a definite purpose.

There are three different characterizations or branches of exercise that are extremely beneficial to physical health. Aerobic physical activity is any activity that causes your muscles to move in a distinct pattern for a period of time. Also known as endurance training, aerobic physical activity targets your cardiorespiratory fitness. Bone strengthening activities create an impact on specific sites on certain bones that promote strength and growth. Muscle-strengthening activities target the skeletal muscles in order to promote strength, power, endurance, and mass. A combination and balance of these three activities will help to improve you physical fitness and physical health.

The amount of physical activity needed per person differs based on age. According to the CDC, children (ages 6 to 17) need 60 minutes or more of physical activity a day. Adults (ages 18-64) need about 150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic exercise and strength training at least 2 days a week. Older adults (ages 64 and older) need about the same as a regular adult in order to keep muscles strong and avoid a lot of the health problems that come with aging. It might seem daunting looking primarily at numbers, but anything and everything that can be done is beneficial. Turn off the television and just get up and do something!

Information provided by:

"How Much Physical Activity Do You Need?" Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 25 Aug. 2014. Web. 21 Oct. 2014.

Physical Health can lead to Improvements in Mental/Emotional Health

Physical health is beneficial to a healthy body and physical strength, but can also lead to a healthy mind.Exercise is an important component in maintaining a good physical health.

How does physical health impact other areas of health?

There are more reasons now, more than ever, to put on your sneakers and head to the gym! In a recent study at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, regular exercise was able to rid the body of a stress-induced amino acid that is linked to mental illness. The study used mice that had been genetically modified to have high levels of protein in their muscles (result in humans of regular exercise) compared to normal unmodified mice. When both types of mice were exposed to a high stress environment for five weeks, the unmodified mice showed depressed behavior and the modified mice showed none of the same symptoms.

Many people are aware that physical exercise releases end orphins that lift your mood and make you feel happier, and often times less stressed, creating what is called the “runner’s high”. Then it was later discovered that exercise releases endocannabinoids, a pleasure-inducing molecule, that help to form habitual actions of regularly exercising. These new findings from this study, however, reveal that exercise can be a treatment plan for many forms of mental illnesses like depression. Instead of targeting the brain directly with medication or other forms of treatment, targeting the skeletal muscles can help protect the brain from onset of mental illness.

Improving your physical health by exercising regularly can help to improve other pillars of health that will get you on your way to a holistic lifestyle. How will you modify your daily routine to allow yourself at least 30 minutes of physical exercise?

Citation:

Agudelo, Leandro Z., Femenía, T., Orhan, F., Porsmyr-Palmertz, M., Goiny, M., Martinez-Redondo, V., et al. Skeletal Muscle PGC-1α1 Modulates Kynurenine Metabolism and Mediates Resilience to Stress-Induced Depression. Cell, 159(1), 33-45.

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