"Don't you wanna come with me? Don't you wanna feel my bones, on your bones? It's only natural."
We finished up thermodynamics today.
We learned about the melting point of an object, which is the temperature at which a solid changes from a solid to a liquid.
We continued to learn about the boiling point of an object, the temperature at which a liquid is changed into a gaseous state.
In order for a substance to boil or melt, heat must be added
In order for a substance to freeze or condense, heat must be removed.
The heat of fusion for an object is the amount of energy needed to melt 1 kilogram of a solid.
The heat of vaporization is the amount of energy needed to vaporize 1 kilogram of a liquid.
The heat to melt an object = > Q = Mass * Heat of Fusion
The heat to vaporize = > Q = Mass * Heat of Vaporization
If there is a +Q then heat is gained
If there is a -Q then heat is loss
Now for The Laws of Thermodynamics
The First Law of Thermodynamics is ΔU = Q + W
For this law U = Thermal Energy, Q = Heat, W = work
The Change in thermal energy of an object is equal to the heat added and the work done on the object
Why is the first law so important?
Heat engines use the 1st law to produce work
Heat flows from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir with the production of work
Thermal energy produces mechanical energy
A refrigerator is the opposite though.
With the addition of work, heat is absorbed from a cold reservoir and added to a hot reservoir
The Second Law of Thermodynamics is ΔS = (Q/T)
For this equation, S = entropy
For this second law one must understand that natural processes go in different directions that maintains or increases the total entropy (disorder) in the Universe
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