The Function of Fiction
I used to underestimate reading fiction until a few hours ago.
At some point in my adult life, I decided that I only want to read mostly nonfiction. Fiction, I thought, is basically a "lie". Serious reading would consist more of nonfiction. Many nonfiction works like biographies or just well-written works can actually tell a gripping story, and they are grounded in facts. It's a real thing.
But that all changed as I read Project Hail Mary. I could not stop it. It's been a long while after I read a work of fiction. Probably last was in 2024. I decided to read Project Hail Mary, a science fiction novel, at a particularly challenging time in my life. I remembered how at one point in my teenage life I got quite depressed, and read "The Curious Incident of A Dog in A Nightime", which was a novel. Honestly I barely remembered the plot, but I do clearly remember my feeling after reading it. It's like the book serves as a ladder for me to come out of a darkness. I remembered thinking "wow, I should do this more often, reading fiction when I feel sad or depressed". Yet years later I read fiction less and less.
Back to Project Hail Mary. I got a library loan using my Libby app and start reading on my Kindle. Just a curious read so I can get a sense for the film that I plan to watch in the theater. But then I got so gripped by it. I stayed up all night because I could not stop reading. It's so fun. So immersive.
The story is about an astronaut who goes on an interstellar mission to save the Earth. He's a pretty smart guy. But he screwed things up. Made bad choices. Made mistakes. But he stood tall (or float, depending on the level of gravity) and tries his best.
That hits home for me. Yeah. At the point of writing, I feel like I screwed so many things in my life. I made so many bad choices and I felt like a failure sometimes. Reading Project Hail Mary made me realize that hey, it's normal. Even a smart astronaut can screw up. Even in the real world, smart teams of astronaut backed with hundreds of smart NASA engineers and scientists can screw up. Apollo 13. But what's inspiring is after their screw up, they try to fix things. Try. Try. Try.
So what is the function of fiction?
Fiction serves as mental exercise for plausible logical sequences or scenarios that might come to our lives.
Okay I tried to sound academic up there. But basically what I'm trying to say is: fiction is a life simulation machine so we can anticipate and learn about the potential scenarios of our lives.
A work of fiction, I think, has many similarities with a nonfiction or even an academic paper. At its core, they presented an argument. If you are X, and Y happens, then Z will plausibly happen. That's the argument that the author is selling you.
Let's take, for example, Harry Potter. JK Rowling is essentially arguing (super-simplifiedly) that if you are a struggling orphan and you suddenly gain magical powers then an invitation to attend the magical school of Hogwarts will plausibly happen. If you accept the offer, then you will plausibly meet good friends (Ron and Hermione) that will accompany you. If you and your friends ventured to seek the secrets in your school, then a dark enemy will feel threatened and attack you. Et cetera et cetera. Basically, just like a scientific paper, the author is establishing many sequential arguments. Effective fiction is a combination of an argument that is plausible enough so many people can "buy" or be convinced with the logic, and at the same time unique enough so that it will broaden the possible expected scenario.
Possible expected scenario. That's important. After Harry Potter came out, books that tells a story about a kid who got magical power would very likely be shrugged off as "ah this is another Harry Potter story". A fiction should offer an idea that is new and groundbreaking, just like how a researcher introduces a new finding that no one thought about before. Doraemon works because it introduces a crazy idea of "a cat robot from the future helping a primary school kid with future gadgets", and the logic is somehow believable (he's from the future, of course he would have these gadgets) and unique or new (a cat robot!).
That is why a book of fiction is called a "novel". Because it ideally introduces a new idea.
And how does reading a novel helps us if it's only "lies"? Because it helps us exercise our problem solving capacities through imaginative scenario. Project Hail Mary works really well for me because as I'm reading, the author introduces a problem (a living organism is eating away the sun) and giving me some space to think about how to solve this problem before slowly laying out his arguments on the solution (we send a human being to a distant infected but not-so-much affected star to learn about it). They are not based on facts, sure, but they are still based on plausible logical scenarios. As we are reading, we might form arguments on our own. We might not be convinced by the author. But at the best case, and I believe this is what most authors aspire, is that we might end up inspired to think about new ideas. New insights and thoughts that we haven't thought before, but now we gained through our exercise in the mental simulation of the fiction.
And just like how exercising can help us, mentally exercising can also lift us up from a state of sadness by refreshing our thought patterns.
Now I found fiction to be useful. Saying fiction as an "escape" from reality is maybe akin to saying going to a gym or running as an "escape" from reality. Yes, kind of, but we actually exercise something when we're there, so that we can come back stronger. In the case of fiction, we come back from our reading session with new ideas, new thought processes that can hopefully aid us in our lives.
Of course, fiction can also sharpen one's empathy. Putting yourself in the character's shoes. But I think this is not the strongest argument to counter my own thoughts about the functionality of fiction that is based on a "lie".
Ultimately, fiction is the original virtual reality headset. It will bring us to a world away from the world, learn about potential things that can happen and what is to be done. And we can come back to our world with a fresh mind, knowing we can go back to it again when we need it.









