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#For The First Time, a Blood Test Can Tell if Cancer Treatment Is Working Right Away When dealing with cancer, finding the most effective treatments as early on as possible can be vital. A new blood test could help doctors determine just that. Scientists have come up with a way of analyzing blood that tells them within 24 hours whether or not targeted cancer therapy (aimed directly at specific molecules) is having an effect on tumor growth. Such a quick turnaround means that the treatment can be quickly adapted or rethought. It's called extracellular vesicle monitoring of small-molecule chemical occupancy and protein expression (ExoSCOPE), and it works by looking for extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the blood – tiny particles released by cells. In this case, cancer cells that have been hit by a drug will secrete EVs with traces of that drug in them. "Conventional procedures such as tumor imaging are not only expensive but also delayed," says biophysicist Shao Huilin, from the National University of Singapore (NUS). "For these methods, treatment effectiveness can only be determined after weeks. "Using the ExoSCOPE, we can directly measure the outcomes of drug effectiveness within 24 hours of treatment initiation. This will significantly reduce the time and cost for cancer treatment monitoring." EVs are at least a hundred times smaller than the diameter of human hairs. They can't be seen by standard microscopes, but using a special sensor setup involving millions of gold nanorings, the scientists were able to amplify the drug signals the EVs were giving off. Through a sophisticated analysis of the light signals given off by the collected blood sample, the ExoSCOPE system can indicate if the drugs have reached their target in the body. Even better, the new setup is able to monitor drug dynamics over time, checking up on how treatments are either working or being met with resistance. It gives medical professionals a comprehensive picture in a very short period of time. "This method requires only a tiny amount of blood sample for the analysis and each test takes less than one hour to complete," says Huilin. "So, it is less invasive and yet more informative." https://www.instagram.com/p/CP5JxDbHXTw/?utm_medium=tumblr

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#These Fish Speak With Electricity, But They Talk Just Like Us Constant chatter isn't the best way to get your message across. Taking a breath before saying something important can make people listen more closely to what you have to say. And that's not just a trick we humans have figured out. Frogs and birds have also been found to take purposeful pauses in their speech, and as it turns out, mormyrid fish, or elephantfish, time their silence in similar ways. Underwater, these freshwater fish communicate through weak pulses of electricity, and new research has found the information they send to one another is also marked by well-timed pauses. When placed in pairs, mormyrids (Brienomyrus brachyistius) actively generate pauses in their electric signals before sending out a burst of electric pulses. When isolated, they do this far less often, which suggests it's a feature of mormyrid communication. Such well-timed moments of silence are thought to stop fish nearby from becoming so used to the constant stream of electric signals that they no longer really listen to what's being said. "Our finding that burst displays tend to occur immediately after pauses in mormyrids is similar to the finding that human speakers tend to place pauses prior to words with high information content," the authors write. This isn't the first time mormyrids have been found to take pregnant pausesduring electric communication. In fact, other electric fish, called gymnotiformes have also been found to do this during courtship. That said, this new study is the first to propose a cellular model that might explain these pauses. Using intracellular recording, researchers found the brains of mormyrids are more easily stimulated after a short bout of silence. By artificially inserting pauses into the electric signals of one fish in a pair, the authors were able to show an increase in the brain activity of the other fish. "Interestingly," the team notes, "the relevant timescales for pauses in human speech are roughly similar to those in the electric communication of mormyrids, occurring in the range of hundreds of milliseconds to seconds." https://www.instagram.com/p/CP5KAjWHrmG/?utm_medium=tumblr

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#Sudden Catastrophic Climate Events in The Past Had No Single Trigger. Here's Why The last ice age persisted for over 100,000 years. An ice-bound eternity by any stretch of the imagination, but this long winter was not completely frozen into stillness. During the Last Glacial Period, which ended approximately 12,000 years ago, climate change existed as a powerful phenomenon, much as it does now, albeit for different reasons. Over the course of the ice age, a series of abrupt warming episodes punctuated the coldness, each of them sending temperatures soaring (by up to 16 degrees Celsius) in temporary heat waves that flared for decades before disappearing. These sudden phenomena, called Dansgaard-Oeschger events, took place dozens of times over the 100 millennia of the Last Glacial. But what was it that made them spark to life at all? "Many studies have tried to answer this long-standing question: Which part of the climate system changed first when these approximately 30 abrupt climate changes [began]?" says ice-core scientist Emilie Capron from the University of Copenhagen in Denmark and the University of Grenoble in France. "Was it, for example, the ocean currents in the North Atlantic, the wind and rainfall patterns in the Northern Hemisphere, or the spread of sea ice in the Arctic that triggered climate change?" https://www.instagram.com/p/CP5JeQon6nf/?utm_medium=tumblr

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Chinese rover Zhurong sent its first photos from Mars. Source: CNSA https://www.instagram.com/p/CPT4u9HHRt4/?utm_medium=tumblr

Gene Therapy Partially Restores Vision in Blind Patient in First Case of Its Kind A blind man who lost his sight to a neurodegenerative eye disease decades ago has had his vision partially restored, thanks to a first-of-its-kind experimental gene therapy. The patient in question, a 58-year-old male, was diagnosed 40 years ago with retinitis pigmentosa: a progressive, inherited group of genetic disorders that leads to loss of vision due to mutations that cause light-sensitive photoreceptor cells in the retina to break down. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is generally considered a rare disorder, with estimates suggesting only one in 4,000 people have the condition, but it's nonetheless thought to affect approximately 2 million people worldwide. For those people and their families, recent advancements in optogenetics could be a source of new hope for restored vision – although it's worth emphasizing this approach is still very much in the experimental stage, with practical treatments likely to be years away. https://www.instagram.com/p/CPTzdnWH4W2/?utm_medium=tumblr

Disastrous Climate Tipping Points Could Be Reversed - If We Act Fast, Scientists Warn https://www.instagram.com/p/COiv7hXD-Ia/?igshid=3w8anvxcgy4u

A Gamma-Ray Burst Just Revealed a 'Goldilocks' Black Hole in The Early Universe. https://t.me/shalomtechnologynews/90 https://www.instagram.com/p/CNnvIrOjc4R/?igshid=tdy6297z8oi

Xiaomi Has The Fastest Growth Rate In Two Years https://www.instagram.com/p/CNnuoRQjpRs/?igshid=bx75deuhwwzz

Mysterious Glow Caught in Our Galaxy's Center Really Could Be Due to Dark Matter. https://t.me/shalomtechnologynews/88 https://www.instagram.com/p/CNnuZfeD_cu/?igshid=re35i1a7d01g

#Distributing Energy on The Moon Could Just Be a Matter of Bending Sunlight In less than three years, astronauts will return to the Moon for the first time since the Apollo Era. As part of the Artemis Program, the purpose is not only to send crewed missions back to the lunar surface to explore and collect samples. https://t.me/shalomtechnologynews/85 https://www.instagram.com/p/CM-q5c_DVgB/?igshid=13afm0b8uoz8v

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#US Fossil Fuel Companies Get a Shocking Amount of Implicit Subsidies Each Year https://t.me/shalomtechnologynews/87 https://www.instagram.com/p/CM-qXcnjXRM/?igshid=1isy1iccfmfr2

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