Though toted as a resounding success by the Soviet Union, Dmitri Shostakovich's trip to a peace conference in New York City in 1949 was, ironically, not as peaceful as the government let on.
Shostakovich was handpicked by Joseph Stalin in March of 1949 to be part of the Soviet delegation at the Cultural and Scientific Conference For World Peace (or the Waldorf Conference, dubbed from the hotel at which it was hosted). Shostakovich himself was quite hesitant to attend, as this was a very tumultuous period in his life due to many personal and professional strains. However a rather coercive phone conversation with Stalin himself managed to convince him to attend. Shostakovich's music was quite well-known in the United States largely owing to his incredibly popular Symphony No. 7, one of the most famous pieces of music to come out of the Second World War. Indeed, Dmitri Shostakovich was a household name.
The amicable relations between the United States and the Soviet Union following the end of the Second World War were short lived, and the two superpowers were almost immediately at odds with each other over their political ideologies and global interests. The Red Scare in North American added to the tension between the two nations. "Communism" became a dogwhistle, and "Communists" were people to either hate or be scared of, or both.
So when one of the world's most famous communists was suddenly headlining the Cultural and Scientific Conference For World Peace, the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel became a lightning rod for anti-communist protesters.
Shostakovich and the Soviet delegate arrived at LaGuardia Airport on March 23rd, 1949 and were greeted on the tarmac by over 70 reporters, photographers, journalists, and more. Inside the airport sat even more reporters, waiting to hold a press conference that the Russians were hastily ushered past and outside to waiting taxis.
Their arrival at the hotel was not much better. Hordes of hundreds of anti-Communist protesters had gathered at the entrance of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, largely consisting of local Catholic activist groups. While originally expecting over 100 000 protesters to show up, they ended up with a measly (by comparison) 1000 picketers. Of those picketing outside the hotel, they included combat veterans and member of the American Legion, immigrants from Soviet and communist countries carrying their country's flags and dressed in traditional clothing, praying priests and kneeling nuns, and many more. They yelled catcalls, boos, prayers, and sang patriotic songs at the Soviets. Many held signs and placards with slogans like "Veterans Love Music But Not From Behind An Iron Curtain", "Ukrainian Insurgents Fight & Die for Democracy & Peace", "Exterminate The Red Rat", or more insensitively, "Shostakovich! Jump Thru The Window", a reference to the Russian schoolteacher Oksana Kasenkina who jumped out of a third floor window in Manhattan in 1948. Some were more understanding, however, with one sign in particular reading "Shostakovich, We Understand", most likely a nod to Shostakovich's being forced to attend against his will.
Aside from the hundreds of protesters, it was estimated that the police had barricaded over 10 000 onlookers and honest-to-goodness fans, there to catch a glimpse of the (current) most famous Russian composer. But Shostakovich wasn't there to sign autographs, and he was rushed into the hotel past the anxious and turbulent crowds. He would go on to call the Waldorf Conference the "most humiliating experience of [his] life", but for other reasons.
Above is a photo from the exterior of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City in March of 1949. Picketers kept vigil outside the hotel, constantly protesting the participation of the Soviet Union.