On the very evening of Marius's arrival at Vernon, the colonel had suffered a fit of delirium; he sprang out of his bed despite the servant, crying, "My son hasn't come! I am going out to meet him!" Then had left his room and fallen to the floor in the hall. He had only just died.
The doctor and the cure had been called. The doctor had come too late, the cure had come too late. The son too had come too late.
By the dim candlelight, they could see on the colonel's pale cheek a large tear, fallen from his lifeless eye. The eye was, glazed, but the tear was not dry. The tear was for his son's delay.
Hugo you rat bastard how could you do this to me!!!
Marius is raised among the ultras and as such, he has no conception of temperance or nuance. He dislikes his grandfather, perhaps even because Gillenormand is a bourgeois and not an aristocrat! As I talked about in 3.2.4 and 3.3.3, the ultras cannot be satisfied with any social class below royalty itself, there is such a craving for that perceived prestige. He is extreme in his restraints to the point he circles right back around to fanaticism. This lays an interesting groundwork for a character arc.
This is something I always felt the musical lacked; Marius is treated as little more than a flat Romeo, his weakness just being the blindness of love. And we see very early here that Marius’s problem is the exact opposite: he has no love at all. To me, this makes the fact that he is so out of touch with his emotions, that he idolizes his own feelings of love later on, that he’s willing to die in its absence so much more meaningful. Marius isn’t just navigating a new political landscape, he’s also emotionally adrift. But I’m getting ahead of myself.
Oof, the parallels of Marius and Cosette, both of their parents forced to watch them from afar, trying to get back to them only for it to come too late. Marius is obviously coming from a more privileged position but I can’t help but think...Cosette grows up with the knowledge she was loved by her mother, she had Valjean and Fauchelevent and the convent. Marius gets nothing, he arrives too late for even a single gesture of affection from his father. How could Marius have changed as a person, as a character, had he been allowed even that? It’s an overlooked tragedy, I think.
You really have to appreciate the fact that Monsieur Mabeuf (the same who raises the red flag on the barricade? I can’t remember but that seems like quite the coincidence) is so immediately willing to spill this sad story to any 18 year old he runs across in church apropos of nothing.
“Why? I will tell you.” -ancient Hugonian proverb
Gillenormand (look at this asshole down there, ugh) is right that there is a love affair, but it’s with Bonapartism, not any earthly body. The actual title of the chapter (bad, Wraxall translation, bad) is “The Utility of Going to Mass, to Become Revolutionary.” Revolutionary is a bit of a strong word, but Marius is definitely primed to dabble in some imperialism.
I want to do justice to 3.3.3 and the salon and Hugo’s anger at the white moderate, but it’s too late for that tonight so, in the interest of not falling even further behind, we’re going to put a pin in that and move on to the next chapter, namely the tragedy of Marius and his father.
One of the things that jumped out at me, which is one of those things you really only catch on reread, is how Gillenormand doesn’t let Marius actually read Georges’ letter. He tells Marius what it says -- or part of what it says -- and then destroys it. On a first pass, it feels like another piece of character work, signalling just how much contempt Gillenormand has for Georges. On a reread, you realize that that letter must have been yet another attempt from Georges to tell Marius that he loved him, and that Gillenormand is deliberately hiding that fact from Marius. For a man who does as many awful things as Gillenormand does, this active campaign to lie to Marius about how much his father loves him has to be up there as one of the worst things he does.
And poor Marius, who already is awkward and prickly and proud, he doesn’t look farther than what he’s shown. He has no reason to think that things are different from how Gillenormand presents them, and so he doesn’t ask himself why his father doesn’t love him, just accepts that he does not and kind of moves on with his life. I’m sure he has feelings about it, and I’m sure they’re that very Marius blend of hurt pride and genuine pain, but he doesn’t question. Marius, like little Cosette, is passive as a result of his trauma.
So he goes to see Georges, and when he gets there it’s too late. And I don’t know what’s worse, really. The way it happens, with the two just barely missing each other and Georges dying thinking that Marius didn’t come, or them actually interacting and Georges realizing that none of his letters or his love ever made it through to his son, and that his suffering didn’t guarantee a better life for Marius after all. It’s the same problem as with Fantine -- on the one hand, it’s heartbreaking that she died without seeing Cosette. On the other, it would be possibly even worse for her to have died knowing the truth about what Cosette was going through.
God, the Marius and Cosette parallels keep stacking up, don’t they?
Hugo concerns himself with the history of France after Napoleon, therefore we learn more about the ultra-royalists who with one exception, Gillenormand, make up the salons of Madame Baronne de T, where Marius develops his earlier ideas.
Marius’ observations of seeing phantoms and the title of the chapter makes it clear that these people belong in another time and place and may actually constitute the living dead. There are more comparisons to the fact that these people are completely lifeless, they even speak in hushed tones. They are decayed ancients whose time is over, yet they still insist on being heard. Marius turns from joy to unhappiness in their company. Poor little kid, being surrounded by these people all the time must be so dampening to his young heart, he deserves better.
Since I don’t have much to say about them, except liking this mini digression, I would like to quote a small paragraph about them from The Constitutional Monarchy in France 1814-1848 by Pamela Pilbeam:
‘The ultras or ultra-royalists were even more than Louis XVIII and were led by his brother Artois, later Charles X. Although they formed a “chamber introuvable”, they were never more than a vocal minority of 60-80 deputies, many drawn from Southern or Western departments. Ultras believed that they stood for the traditional values of monarchy, church and nobility. Beneath an apparent unity, they were divided in their attitudes, not only to the Revolution, but also to the old Regime. Some were anti-revolutionary, a larger number believed that a counter-revolution was needed...’
This part stands out to me about these ultra-royalists in this chapter, ‘To be ultra is to go the extremes […] it is to be so strongly for that you are against.’ They have carried their politics to right wing extremes that their own government does not like them. What’s interesting is that these salons also read exclusively royalist literature and concern themselves with royalist politics, they live in a very insular world, where they can complain about the government.
We also get a mention of ultras being replaced by constitutional monarchists and their apologia for the monarchy. Hugo takes a very matter of fact tone while describing this chapter and little digression into history. He says that we can neither frown nor be pleased with this part of French history but also accept it as old France. I find it interesting that he does not outrightly condemn these, but it is also understandable, there might be some personal feelings about Hugo being a royalist in his youth. At any rate, as someone mentioned, he does treat them the way he treated the convents, as something to be accepted as something belonging to another time and it is fitting since Hugo writes as if he is narrating history.
We then come to a description of Marius who is a law student, royalist, fanatical austere, who neither loved his grandfather nor thought well of his father. He has lived in these salons and has had a very classical education and I feel really sorry for how sheltered and lonely he has been that till the point of becoming a law student he still keeps the views and the impressions from the royalist salons, even though Gillenormand stopped visiting these for some years.
I get where he’s coming from having lived a terrible childhood, but I still find it hard to warm up to Marius Pontmercy described as ‘cold-hearted, noble, generous, proud, religious, impassioned callously self-respecting, ferociously pure.’ Though I find him very interesting as a character.
3.3.4
We get a much fuller portrait of Marius this time round. Marius’ feeling on meeting his father is just being irritated. He feels abandoned by his father and so for him the simplest thing to do to protect himself from the hurt he must be feeling, is to not love his father back. I do feel sorry for him here.
I find Gillenormand’s matter of fact delivery according to his character, the way he delivers the whole news is so casual. He hates Marius’ father, but he cannot even be bothered to make some effort for Marius’ sake, his love is pretty selfish.
Poor Georges, he died before his son could meet and know him. Marius behaves exactly as someone who goes to a funeral where he does not know the deceased and him dropping his hat is both comical and awkward in a way that is relatable. It is also very Romantic that the Colonel is depicted on his death bed with a single tear drop which signifies his son’s delay. The ‘corpse was weeping for him’ is also such a good image. But there are other people in the room who truly care for Georges who seems to have collected friends around him, the way he grew flowers.
Everything the colonel left is given away, there is nothing to remember him by, except Marius keeping the letter out of solemn duty to his father. The careful garden becomes overrun with weeds in the absence of that worthy man to keep cultivating it. But it must have given the neighbours some temporary joy to have the rare flowers with them. Georges’ cultivation of the beautiful and the useless did lead to some good after all. We have Georges’ letter which will be important later on, for now Marius goes back to being a law student and forgets his father except for a token remembrance.
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When Marius was 17, he was told he had to go see his father, who is dying. By the time Marius arrives the next evening, his father has just died.
Marius feels awkward, like he’s not showing enough grief, but he can’t force himself to feel affection for the man who (he believes) abandoned him.
His father left him a note, conferring on him the title of Baron and telling him about a man who saved him at Waterloo named Thenardier.
Gillenormand sells what little Marius’s father left behind. His garden, which he kept so carefully, is trampled and overgrown with weeds. Marius returns home and, essentially, forgets about his father within a day.
