#acts 16

[followinginhissteps]

What Must I Do To Be Saved?

[human-perspective]

About midnight Paul and Silas were praying and singing hymns to God, and the other prisoners were listening to them. Suddenly there was such a violent earthquake that the foundations of the prison were shaken. At once all the prison doors flew open, and everyone’s chains came loose.

Acts 16:25-26 NIV

[blessedarethebinarybreakers]

June 30 devotional: liberation for our oppressors too??

[ Today’s devotional comes from Chris Glaser’s The Word Is Out: The Bible Reclaimed for Lesbians and Gay Men (1994). It’s his entry for June 30.

Se puede leer el pasaje en español aquí, p. 183. ]

content warning for today’s Bible story: a man almost commits suicide because he believes he is going to be executed, but is stopped before it can happen.

_____________

But Paul shouted in a loud voice, “Do not harm yourself, for we are all here.” - Acts 16:28

Paul and Silas are beaten and jailed for delivering a young female slave from those who were exploiting her psychic powers. Midnight finds them praying and singing hymns to God, when an earthquake opens the prison doors and unfastens all the prisoners’ chains. The jailer awakes. Knowing that the penalty is death for allowing an escape, he intends to take his own life. But Paul shouts, assuring him that no one has escaped. 

Paul’s generosity of spirit prompts the jailer to ask about the gospel, and he is converted, caring for their wounds and feeding them. 

The chair of the committee guiding my preparation for ministry opposed my ordination because I was gay. Years later, on a visit to the church I served in a non-ordained capacity, he asked more about the gospel we proclaimed. His son had come out to him. In our dialogue that followed, I invited him to serve on the board of my ministry. 

Our liberation is not complete until we free those who imprison us. Through prayer and singing, God will give us the grace to prove redemptive even to our captors, and proclaim the gospel of the integrity of spirituality and sexuality. 

God of Mercy, we pray for the liberation of our captors rather than their harm. Grant us grace to be gracious. 

_____________

[ Whew. This is difficult stuff. (I mean first of all, and this is not even the part of the Acts 16 passage that Glaser above has chosen to focus on, I can’t keep myself from pointing out that there’s more going on with the enslaved young woman than most commentators bother to explore -- my pastor gave a sermon focusing on her last year that I appreciated.) But let’s just look at what Glaser does focus on in this passage: the mercy that Paul shows his persecutor. 

That’s what’s really hard for me -- what about you? 

What do you think the balance between mercy and justice is? Must our oppressors be set free from their own oppression as Glaser says, or is it more just for them to be punished?

....

Did this jailor “deserve” to be shown mercy by Paul? Sure, he was just “doing his job” in jailing innocent people, but we know how poor an excuse “I was just following orders” is; it doesn’t justify letting injustice occur, ever. 

This man was a cog in Paul’s mistreatment -- and for the jailor to get his just desserts, Paul doesn’t even have to lift a hand against him! Paul doesn’t have to kill the guy himself; he just has to watch passively and let the jailor do the dirty work for him. 

And he doesn’t. Instead he speaks out, saving the life of his persecutor. 

When I read Glaser’s commentary -- that this passage reminds him of the man who prevented him from being ordained, who stopped Glaser from living into his God-given vocation for years because of his homophobia....it fills me with wonder that anyone can express such generosity of spirit as Paul did so long ago and Glaser did not-so-long-ago.  

Glaser was severely mistreated by a man claiming to represent God’s Church -- yet Glaser was willing to dialogue with him. When this man came back years later and confided in Glaser that his son was gay, Glaser’s response wasn’t “You hurt me, I want nothing to do with you” or “Serves you right! a homophobe like you has to live down having a gay son, how’s that for justice!” No. Glaser talked to him, treated him with compassion, and welcomed him even deeper into his life. 

I can’t imagine how hard a decision it is to show that generosity of spirit -- and maybe, maybe, it’s not a decision we make at all. Maybe generosity of spirit is generosity of the Holy Spirit -- not a thing we achieve on our own but a gift the Spirit bestows upon us. ...Upon all of us, all the time? or only in certain circumstances? I’m not sure.

I’m not sure that God demands that we always make peace with our oppressors on this earth -- because too often, those oppressors will just keep grinding us and other vulnerable people into the mud if we try to open our hearts to them. I do stand by a post I wrote a while ago that Christians must stop pressuring ourselves and others to forgive -- forgiveness is not an easy path, I don’t know that it’s always the right path, and it cannot be compelled. 

But Paul’s story in Acts and Glaser’s story in his devotional for today is evidence that generosity of spirit, an openness to dialoguing with those who once hurt us, can at least sometimes bear good fruit.

Paul saves his jailer, and this jailer has a mighty change of heart.

Glaser converses with the chairperson who denied him his ordination, and gains a partner in the efforts to fight homophobia in their denomination. He likely also helped the son of this man -- if he had turned the chairperson away with a “serves you right!” instead of sitting him down and helping him explore God’s good news for LGBT persons, that father might never have learned how to love and support his gay son. 

...That’s something that helps motivate me, if nothing else can -- when we make the effort to help liberate our oppressors from their own unjust ways, we are also helping others they may oppress. 

Finally, I think it’s valuable to note that while Paul acted with immediate mercy, saving his jailer without any evidence that the man felt remorse for jailing innocent people, Glaser did not immediately cultivate a relationship with his persecutor. He might never have talked to the guy ever again, if this man hadn’t reached out to him first, years later and with a heart ready to listen to Glaser’s side of the story. 

So perhaps sometimes, we are called to show incredible mercy -- the kind of mercy that humans can’t possibly show on our own! -- quickly, before we can say it is “deserved.” But perhaps other times, we are called to wait, to withhold that generosity until the wrongdoer expresses remorse or openness. And maybe there are also times when the time for reconciliation won’t come in this lifetime at all. 

What do you think? 

Must we forgive everyone at every opportunity -- even without them showing remorse? even if they are still causing harm?

What does it even mean to “forgive”? is it just a simple statement, “I forgive you”? or is it a longer process than that? do we have to keep in contact with the people we forgive?

Do you agree with Glaser’s statement that “our liberation is not complete until we free those who imprison us”? (It reminds me of liberation theologians who argue that God’s preferential option for the poor is “good news” for oppressors as well as those they oppress -- because in harming others, oppressors impoverish their own spirit and need God’s liberation too.)

More comments on forgiveness that I have found helpful can be found here. ]

[jeffersonvann]

Teaching Summary Of Acts 16–17

Photo by Owen.outdoors on Pexels.com Teaching Summary Of Acts 16–17 Overall Themes The Spirit directs mission — God opens and closes doors, guiding the spread of the gospel. The gospel crosses cultural boundaries — reaching women, jailers, philosophers, and idol‑worshipers. Suffering as part of mission — imprisonment, beatings, and opposition accompany faithful witness. The power of the…

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[s-o-a-p-ing]

LUKE/ACTS S.O.A.P. ~ ACTS CHAPTER 16

Monday, 2/23/26

SCRIPTURE:

Around midnight Paul and Silas were praying and singing hymns to God, and the other prisoners were listening to them. ~ Acts of the Apostles 16:25

OBSERVATION:

You never know when someone else might be influenced by your behavior - 

- by your actions -

- both alone and with other believers -

- in both good and bad ways -

- in any number of places -

I know I'm don't...

...and I'm often surprised when I find out that there are folks paying attention...

...especially when I've fouled up...

...and realized it a half-a-heartbeat too late...

I know He is always paying attention...

...even when I'm not...

Thankfully, when I do "wake up" - when the Holy Spirit nudges and reminds me - there's Jesus...

APPLICATION:

Pay attention...

Pray and sing hymns to God...

...I'll never know just who might be listening...

PRAYER:

Attentive Father God - I freely admit that I am not always aware of the witness I present to those around me, of how often I fail to act or speak in ways that bring You the glory and honor - and ask Your forgiveness and the continued presence and guidance of the Holy Spirit's reminding me of Jesus's sacrifice and my ability to approach You in confession because of Him... May I be mindful of the needs and concerns of those You bring into my day today, and see the opportunities You present for me to proclaim You Name and mercy and grace - In Jesus's Name, Father, and for Your praise and worship and coming kingdom...

Yours - in Him... 

𝖌

<))><

[daowil]

Why the NRSV/NRSVue says “a way to salvation”

The key verse is Acts 16:17, where the slave girl cries out:

> “These men are slaves of the Most High God, who proclaim to you a way of salvation.”

Most English translations say “the way of salvation.”

So why does the NRSV break from that?

🔍 1. The Greek text uses no definite article

The Greek phrase is:

ὁδὸν σωτηρίας

literally: “way of salvation”

There is no “the” (ὁ) and no “a.”

Greek often omits articles, so translators must decide whether English requires one.

🔍 2. The NRSV tends to avoid adding theological certainty

The NRSV’s translation committee is known for:

- avoiding doctrinal over-interpretation

- preserving ambiguity when the Greek is ambiguous

- not inserting “the” unless the context demands it

If they had written “the way of salvation,” it could imply:

- the girl is proclaiming a true theological statement

- she recognizes the apostles’ message as the exclusive path to salvation

But in the narrative, she is:

- a slave girl

- possessed by a spirit

- speaking in a way that annoys Paul

- not presented as a reliable theological voice

So the NRSV translators likely judged that “the way” overstates her accuracy.

🔍 3. “A way” fits the narrative tone

Luke often uses irony.

The girl’s proclamation is partly true, but not fully aligned with the gospel message.

By choosing “a way,” the NRSV:

- keeps her statement from sounding like authoritative Christian doctrine

- reflects that she’s speaking from a spirit of divination

- maintains narrative tension (Paul silences her, after all)

🔍 4. Other modern translations agree

You’ll see “a way” in:

- NRSV

- NRSVue

- NET Bible (notes explain the same reasoning)

- Some scholarly commentaries

More conservative or traditional translations (KJV, ESV, NIV) choose “the way” because they prioritize theological clarity and the broader Lukan theme of “the Way” as the Christian movement.

---

In short

The NRSV says “a way to salvation” because:

- the Greek lacks a definite article

- the speaker is not a reliable theological source

- the translators avoid adding doctrinal weight not present in the text

- It preserves narrative nuance rather than smoothing it into a Christian slogan

[douglasvandergraph]

When God Closes Doors on Purpose: The Quiet Power of Obedience in Acts 16

Acts 16 is one of those chapters that looks fast-moving on the surface but is actually deeply personal, disruptive, and quietly transformational underneath. It is a chapter about motion, but not momentum. About calling, but not clarity. About obedience that often feels inefficient, illogical, or even unfair in the moment. And it is precisely because of that tension that Acts 16 speaks so powerfully into modern faith, especially for those who feel led by God yet repeatedly interrupted by closed doors, delays, or redirections they did not ask for.

This chapter begins not with miracles or visions, but with friction. Paul returns to Lystra and meets Timothy, a young believer with a strong reputation among the local churches. Timothy is gifted, respected, and clearly called. But before ministry expands, something uncomfortable happens. Paul circumcises Timothy—not as a theological requirement for salvation, which Paul had argued against passionately elsewhere, but as a strategic concession for mission. This moment is often misunderstood, but it reveals something essential: obedience to God sometimes involves personal cost without personal benefit. Timothy did not gain status from this act. He gained access. Access to people who would otherwise never listen.

That alone dismantles much of modern Christian thinking. We often assume obedience will feel affirming, empowering, or immediately fruitful. Acts 16 suggests otherwise. Sometimes obedience hurts first. Sometimes it requires surrendering a right rather than defending it. Sometimes the cost is not about theology at all, but about removing unnecessary barriers so the gospel can travel further than our pride ever could.

As Paul, Silas, and Timothy move forward, they carry the decisions of the Jerusalem Council with them, strengthening churches and increasing numbers daily. Everything appears aligned. Growth is happening. Momentum is building. This is the moment when most people expect expansion, clarity, and open doors. Instead, God does something unexpected. The Holy Spirit forbids them from speaking the word in Asia. Then again, they attempt to move into Bithynia—and again, they are blocked. No explanation. No warning. No alternative route offered upfront.

This is one of the most honest depictions of spiritual guidance in all of Scripture. God does not always guide by giving directions. Sometimes He guides by saying no. And those no’s are often deeply frustrating because they come without commentary. Acts 16 does not record Paul receiving a sermon-length explanation from heaven. It records obedience in silence.

This matters because many believers today equate God’s will with ease. If the path is difficult, confusing, or obstructed, they assume something has gone wrong. Acts 16 dismantles that assumption. Paul is not out of God’s will when the doors close. He is in it. The closed doors are the guidance.

Only after repeated refusals does the vision come. A man from Macedonia appears in the night, pleading, “Come over and help us.” And only then does the direction become clear. Notice the order. Obedience first. Understanding later. That pattern is not accidental. God is forming something in Paul and his companions that clarity alone could never produce: trust that does not depend on explanations.

When they arrive in Philippi, a Roman colony, the ministry strategy shifts again. There is no synagogue recorded here, which suggests a smaller Jewish population. Instead, Paul goes outside the city gate to the river, where women are gathered in prayer. This is where the first European convert is found—not in a temple, not in a crowd, but in a quiet conversation with a businesswoman named Lydia.

Lydia’s conversion is profound not because of spectacle, but because of receptivity. The text says the Lord opened her heart to respond to Paul’s message. That phrase matters. Faith is not coerced here. It is awakened. And immediately, Lydia responds with hospitality. Her faith expresses itself not in words alone, but in opening her home. The church in Philippi is born not in a building, but around a table.

Already, Acts 16 is dismantling expectations. The gospel advances not through dominance, but through invitation. Not through force, but through presence. Not through certainty, but through surrender.

But the chapter does not remain peaceful for long. As Paul and Silas continue their ministry, they encounter a slave girl with a spirit of divination. She speaks truth, proclaiming that they are servants of the Most High God. Yet Paul is troubled. Not because she is wrong, but because truth spoken from the wrong source still enslaves. Paul casts out the spirit, freeing the girl—but in doing so, disrupting the economic system that profited from her bondage.

This is a crucial moment. The gospel confronts injustice not only by words, but by consequences. Liberation costs someone something. In this case, it costs the owners their income. And they respond not with repentance, but with rage. Paul and Silas are dragged before authorities, falsely accused, stripped, beaten, and imprisoned.

Here is where Acts 16 becomes deeply personal for anyone who has ever followed God and ended up suffering rather than succeeding. Paul did not sin. He did not misstep. He did not compromise. He obeyed—and was punished for it.

The prison cell is not evidence of failure. It is the setting for revelation.

At midnight, bruised and bound, Paul and Silas pray and sing hymns. Not quietly. Not privately. Loud enough for the prisoners to hear. This detail matters. Their worship is not performative, but it is public. It is testimony offered in the dark.

And then the earthquake comes. Chains break. Doors open. Freedom is physically possible. Yet no one runs.

This is one of the most astonishing moments in the New Testament. The miracle is not the earthquake. The miracle is restraint. Freedom does not lead to chaos. Power does not lead to escape. Instead, it leads to witness.

The jailer, assuming the prisoners have fled, prepares to take his own life. Roman law would have held him accountable with death. Paul intervenes, calling out, “Do not harm yourself. We are all here.”

That sentence alone carries the weight of the gospel. Salvation interrupts despair. Grace speaks before judgment. Presence replaces panic.

The jailer’s question is simple, raw, and eternal: “What must I do to be saved?”

Paul’s answer is not complicated. “Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be saved—you and your household.”

This is not a formula. It is an invitation. And that night, the jailer and his family are baptized. Wounds are washed. Tables are shared. Joy replaces fear. The prison becomes a sanctuary.

But Acts 16 does not end with a tidy bow. The next morning, the authorities attempt to quietly release Paul and Silas. Paul refuses. Not out of pride, but out of principle. As Roman citizens, they were beaten unlawfully. And Paul demands public accountability.

This final act is not about vengeance. It is about dignity. It is about protecting the young church from future abuse. Paul understands something critical: humility does not require silence in the face of injustice.

Acts 16 ends not with applause, but with resolve. The missionaries encourage the believers and move on. The gospel has taken root in Europe through obedience that looked inefficient, suffering that looked unnecessary, and worship that made no sense in the moment.

And that is precisely why this chapter matters so much today.

Acts 16 teaches us that God’s guidance often looks like interruption. That faithfulness can lead to confinement before it leads to freedom. That worship is most powerful when it is least convenient. And that obedience does not guarantee safety—but it does guarantee presence.

If you have ever felt called and blocked, faithful and frustrated, obedient and confused, Acts 16 is not correcting you. It is standing beside you.

God is not absent in the closed door. He is often shaping something beyond your current field of vision.

And sometimes, the prison is not the end of the story—it is the place where someone else finally hears hope sung out loud in the dark.

Acts 16 continues to echo long after its final verse because it does not resolve neatly. It lingers. It refuses to let obedience be simplified into a formula or reduced to a reward system. Instead, it leaves us with something far more demanding and far more beautiful: the call to trust God when faithfulness does not immediately feel fruitful.

One of the most important truths embedded in this chapter is that direction does not always feel like progress. Paul is not wandering aimlessly when doors close. He is being guided. But guidance that comes through restriction feels backward to a culture obsessed with acceleration. We tend to assume that if God is blessing something, it should move faster, grow bigger, and become easier. Acts 16 confronts that assumption directly. Sometimes the clearest evidence of God’s hand is not speed, but restraint.

Consider how many modern believers quietly question their calling because things did not unfold the way they imagined. The business did not grow. The ministry stalled. The relationship fell apart. The opportunity disappeared. Acts 16 reminds us that closed doors are not always rejection. Sometimes they are redirection. And sometimes they are protection from paths that look promising but would ultimately pull us away from where God intends to plant something lasting.

Paul does not receive a five-year plan from heaven. He receives one step at a time. That is deeply uncomfortable for people who want certainty before obedience. But Scripture consistently reveals a God who values trust over control. Faith is not built by knowing what comes next. Faith is built by following even when you do not.

The Macedonian vision itself is striking because it comes after repeated refusals. God allows Paul to attempt routes that will not work. That tells us something important: not every failed attempt is a mistake. Sometimes God allows effort before clarity because effort reveals sincerity. The vision does not come while Paul is waiting. It comes while he is trying.

That pattern alone challenges passive spirituality. Acts 16 does not depict Paul sitting still until God speaks. It depicts him moving, discerning, adjusting, and listening along the way. Guidance emerges in motion. That is not chaos. That is partnership.

When Paul finally reaches Philippi, everything about the situation seems modest. No synagogue. No large crowd. No immediate breakthrough. Just a prayer gathering by a river and a conversation with a woman whose heart God opens quietly. Lydia’s story reminds us that transformation does not require spectacle. It requires openness. God does not force His way into hearts. He opens them.

Lydia’s response is immediate and embodied. She listens. She believes. She acts. Faith expresses itself through hospitality, generosity, and courage. By opening her home, she becomes the foundation of the Philippian church. This is not incidental. It shows us that God often builds movements through ordinary obedience rather than public platforms.

Then the narrative shifts abruptly from welcome to violence. The deliverance of the slave girl is one of the most misunderstood moments in Acts 16. The girl speaks truth, but she is not free. Her voice is correct, but her life is controlled. Paul’s response shows that the gospel is not satisfied with surface-level accuracy. It confronts what enslaves, even when that confrontation is inconvenient or costly.

This moment exposes a painful reality: not everyone benefits from liberation. Systems built on exploitation will always resist freedom. The anger that follows Paul’s action is not theological. It is financial. When profit disappears, persecution appears. And Paul and Silas bear the consequences.

Their beating and imprisonment are not accidents. They are the predictable response of a world threatened by freedom. And yet, even here, Acts 16 refuses to frame suffering as defeat. The prison becomes a stage not for despair, but for praise.

Midnight worship is one of the most powerful spiritual images in the New Testament because it contradicts instinct. Paul and Silas do not wait for conditions to improve before they praise God. They praise God while wounded, restrained, and unjustly treated. This is not denial. It is defiance. Worship becomes resistance against despair.

Their songs are heard by the other prisoners. That detail matters. Faith expressed under pressure carries a credibility that comfort never can. When people see joy that survives injustice, it raises questions that arguments cannot answer.

The earthquake that follows is dramatic, but it is not the climax of the story. The climax is what happens next. No one escapes. Freedom is possible, but no one uses it selfishly. This moment reveals the depth of transformation taking place. Power does not produce chaos. It produces order. Grace does not create anarchy. It creates trust.

The jailer’s response is pure humanity. Fear. Panic. Hopelessness. He assumes the worst and prepares to end his life. And Paul intervenes not with theology, but with presence. “We are all here.” That sentence is salvation before explanation. It tells the jailer he is not alone. It tells him the story is not over.

The question that follows is the question every human heart eventually asks when stripped of illusion: “What must I do to be saved?” Paul’s answer is remarkably simple. Believe. Trust. Lean your weight onto Jesus. This is not about ritual mastery or moral perfection. It is about surrender.

What happens next is deeply intimate. The jailer washes their wounds. They share a meal. His household is baptized. Joy fills a place that had been defined by fear hours earlier. Acts 16 shows us that salvation is not merely a decision. It is a reorientation of life. Relationships change. Homes change. Atmospheres change.

Even the final confrontation with the magistrates carries weight. Paul’s refusal to accept a quiet release is not arrogance. It is advocacy. He understands that silence would leave the young church vulnerable. By demanding public acknowledgment of wrongdoing, he establishes a boundary that protects others. This is a reminder that humility and courage are not opposites. They often work together.

Acts 16 ultimately teaches us that obedience is not transactional. It is relational. God does not promise comfort in exchange for faithfulness. He promises presence. He promises purpose that outlasts pain. He promises that nothing surrendered in obedience is wasted.

This chapter speaks powerfully to those who feel delayed, disrupted, or disappointed. It tells us that faithfulness does not always look like success, but it always carries eternal impact. That God may use your prison to reach someone else’s breaking point. That your song in the dark may be the thing that keeps someone else alive.

Acts 16 also reminds us that joy is not the absence of hardship. It is the presence of God within it. The deepest joy in this chapter does not come from open doors or public victories. It comes from shared tables, healed wounds, and hearts awakened to grace.

If you are in a season where God has said no more than yes, Acts 16 is not condemning you. It is forming you. If you feel led but unclear, faithful but frustrated, this chapter is not asking you to stop. It is inviting you to trust the process of obedience even when the outcome is unknown.

God is still at work in interruptions. He is still speaking through silence. He is still opening hearts in unexpected places. And He is still turning prisons into places of praise.

Acts 16 does not promise that obedience will be easy. It promises that obedience will matter.

And sometimes, long after the doors finally open, you will look back and realize the closed ones were the greatest mercy of all.

Your friend, Douglas Vandergraph

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[fardell24b]

Church notes - November 2025

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