Dixon, R. M. W. 2003. Demonstratives: A cross-linguistic typology. Studies in Language 27(1). 61–112. https://doi.org/10.1075/sl.27.1.04dix.
Table 2. Forms of nominal and adverbial demonstratives.

seen from Netherlands

seen from United States
seen from T1
seen from China
seen from Japan

seen from Netherlands
seen from Malaysia

seen from Singapore
seen from Germany

seen from Germany
seen from Ethiopia
seen from Brazil
seen from Malaysia

seen from Australia

seen from Russia
seen from Brazil
seen from United States
seen from Türkiye
seen from United States
seen from United States
Dixon, R. M. W. 2003. Demonstratives: A cross-linguistic typology. Studies in Language 27(1). 61–112. https://doi.org/10.1075/sl.27.1.04dix.
Table 2. Forms of nominal and adverbial demonstratives.
Adverbial Modifier in Declarative Sentence
How to place Adverbial Modifier
The placement of adverbial modifiers in declarative sentences can vary based on their types. Here's a breakdown of the typical order and placement for various types of adverbial modifiers: Adverbs of Frequency: Usually, adverbs of frequency appear before the main verb or between the auxiliary and main verb. Example: She always arrives on time. Adverbs of Time: Adverbs of time can appear at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a sentence. Example: Yesterday, she completed her assignment. She completed her assignment yesterday. Adverbs of Place: Adverbs of place can also appear at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a sentence. Example: Here, you will find the information. You will find the information here. Adverbs of Manner: Adverbs of manner usually appear after the verb or at the end of a sentence. Example: She danced gracefully. He spoke loudly. Adverbs of Degree: Adverbs of degree can appear before the adjective or adverb they modify, or at the end of a sentence. Example: He runs very fast. The movie was too boring. Adverbial Phrases: Adverbial phrases can appear at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a sentence. Example: After the concert, we went for dinner. We went for dinner after the concert.
Additional Considerations:
In general, adverbs modifying the entire sentence often appear at the beginning or end. Beginning: Fortunately, the rain stopped. End: She completed her assignment quickly, fortunately. When there are multiple adverbial modifiers, the order is flexible and depends on the emphasis or importance of each modifier. Example: He spoke confidently and convincingly during the presentation. Priority of Adverb Placement: When dealing with multiple types of adverbial modifiers in a sentence, there isn't a strict rule governing the priority of placement. However, there are some general guidelines and common practices. The placement may depend on the emphasis you want to give to a particular modifier or the logical flow of the information. Here's a general guideline: Adverbs of Frequency and Time: These adverbs often come early in the sentence. Example: Every morning, she quickly finishes her work. Adverbs of Place: Adverbs of place can come after adverbs of time or frequency. Example: Every morning at the park, she quickly finishes her work. Adverbs of Manner: Adverbs of manner can come after the subject or at the end of the sentence. Example: Every morning at the park, she finishes her work quickly and efficiently. Adverbs of Degree: Adverbs of degree typically precede the adjective or adverb they modify. Example: Every morning at the park, she finishes her work very quickly and efficiently. Adverbial Phrases: Adverbial phrases can be placed at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of the sentence, depending on the context and emphasis. Example: Very quickly and efficiently, she finishes her work every morning at the park. Ultimately, the priority of placement for multiple types of adverbial modifiers depends on the writer's intent, the flow of information, and the emphasis on specific details. Adverbial Modifier in Declarative Sentence Direct/Indirect Objects in Declarative Sentence Declarative Sentence in English Grammar Independent Elements What is Adverbial Modifier of a Sentence What is The Object of a Sentence? Read the full article
Verb Patterns and Element
Verb Patterns and Element
Verb Patterns and Element; noun, verb, adjective, adverbial, that-clause, wh-clause, wh- to-clause, to verb, verb-ing Verb Patterns and Element; Pattern with no element after the verb: 0. N + V These verbs do not need anything to follow them (intransitive verbs). Example a. The bus has arrived. b. His son was working. c. It doesn’t matter. d. Someone is lying. Other examples: begin*, come,…
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今 — now. ima = adverbial noun (今日 = today. kyō)
These characters like to replicate themselves
In Chinese, there are many characters that like to "replicate" themselves and stay with "地" to act as adverbials to achieve an effect of stressing or emphasis. So, when you see such phrases as 美美地,静静地,深深地,悄悄地, etc, you know they are just adverbials. Don't be puzzled by them.
qaDHom- Adverbials
These were meant to go out at 6pm. They were stuck in the queue. Now scheduled to come out at 10pm instead.
1. Where do adverbials go in a Klingon sentence?
2. Some adverbials are exceptional, in that they obey different rules. Which adverbials are these, and what are the rules they obey?
3. Translate these sentences using the appropriate adverbials.
3.1. We will capture those prisoners by force
3.2. You escaped from there quickly
3.3. They soon arrived at Kronos
3.4. Did you accidentally destroy that planet?
3.5. We may have discovered a primitive civilisation
4. Translate these Klingon sentences.
4.1. chIch tIr SuQmoHta’ Duy
4.2. batlh SuvtaH
4.3. chaq QIt Qub ‘ach nom vang
4.4. SIbI’ Duy HoH Sung
4.5. nIteb vangbe’
Comparatives and Adverbials
When comparing qualities which can be expressed as an adjectival verb, e.e. SuD be green (v), taQ be weird (v), the construction is simple:-
A X law’ B X puS
where A and B are the things being compared, and X is the quality:-
SoH taQ law’ ghaH taQ puS You are weirder than him
vavwI’ yoH law’ tuqDaj Hoch yoH puS My mother is braver than his entire House
When comparing qualities expressed by an adverbial, such as nom quickly or pe’vIl forcefully, there is no equivalent construction. Adverbials cannot go into the X slot in the comparative construction.
Currently, the best known way to express a comparative with an adverbial, such as faster or more forcefully, is to use two sentences as follows.
ADVERBIAL-OBJECT-VERB-SUBJECT; ADVERBIAL-OBJECT-VERB-qu’-SUBJECT
Examples:-
nom jIqet; nom qetqu’ jagh The enemy runs more quickly than me
pe’vIl qIp jaghvam; pe’vIl qIpqu’ latlh jagh The other enemy strikes more forcefully than this enemy
batlh Suv Hoch; batlh bISuvqu’ You fight more honourably than everyone
Adverbials - vabDot
This is a new adverbial. It comes to us via the Klingon translation of Monopoly.
vabDot even, including, also
Only one canon sentence contains vabDot.
Qo'noS romuluS je boSuqlaH. vabDot tera' Qejbogh DIvI' ram boSuqlaH Kronos, Romulus and even the puny Federation's precious Earth, are all up for grabs
Like the -ghach suffix, use this adverbial only when you are confident in how and when to use it.