Gated Arks in Sacrifice Zones: Vantara and the Political Economy of “Conservation”
Gated Arks in Sacrifice Zones: Vantara and the Political Economy of “Conservation”
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Gated Arks in Sacrifice Zones: Vantara and the Political Economy of “Conservation”
Gated Arks in Sacrifice Zones: Vantara and the Political Economy of “Conservation”
Pollute, Pay, and Profit: Post-Facto Penalties and the Crisis of Environmental Governance in India
ABSTRACT India’s environmental legal framework relies heavily on post-facto penalties—fines, compensation, and retrospective clearances—that fail to deter ecological crimes and often enable corporate violators to commodify the very resources they degrade in the first place. This article critiques the systemic flaws in post-facto approaches through case studies of Piramal Sarvajal (a CSR water…