The Gaya district in Bihar, India, is a popular destination for Hindu and Buddhist pilgrims. Thousands of pilgrims visit this city each year. However, the city's lack of adequate sanitation facilities creates an unsanitary atmosphere that leads to a variety of gastrointestinal diseases. Amoebiasis, caused by Entamoeba histolytica, is a disease that is common in this region. In the region, amoebiasis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. However, the mode of transmission and severity of this disease in this area have yet to be thoroughly investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of amoebiasis' spread in Gaya district as well as its pathogenicity. For the identification and characterization of trophozoites and cysts, we used microscopy, staining, sedimentation, culture, and animal models. The presence of Entamoeba histolytica infection was observed in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, but strains from symptomatic patients were found to be more virulent and pathogenic. Infections could be detected using existing microscopy procedures, with no additional detection benefit from culture methods. The strains' virulence and pathogenicity were comparable in albino rats and guinea pigs.
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