Sabre d’officer de Cavalerie legere - Modele de l’an XI
French swords of the 18th and early 19th century are commonly grouped by the political era that formed them. The Royal era ended in 1789 with the brutal French Revolution giving rise to the First Republic in 1792.
Split into the Directory and Consulate periods, the First Republic lasted until 18 May 1804 with the crowning of Napoleon as Emperor giving birth to the First Empire which lasted to 11 April 1814 and again with Napoleon’s return from exile March 1815 till his final defeat at Waterloo in 1815.
With Napoleon back in exile, the victorious allied nations restored the French monarchy, a period referred to as the Restoration Period which lasted until 1852.
To complicate things further, in 1792, full of revolutionary fervour the French Government decided to do away with the past and start afresh. This included the calendar. It was decided that they would go back to year one on 22 September 1792. So, the model year 11 is the same as the m.1802
As the name suggests, the An XI was introduced as a replacement sabre for the Light Cavalry in 1802, although an earlier model the An IX did see limited production before the design was finalised. Called the Chasseurs a cheval or hunters on horse, this hilt style is often referred to as the ‘hunter guard’ although the design saw service with all multiple mounted branches, including the mounted artillery.
The An XI, like many swords of the First Empire era continued to be used into the Restoration period. Because the trooper swords went through the government ordnance channels, they are marked with inspectors’ stamps and often the date of manufacture, making it relatively straightforward to date them.
Officer swords, however, are more difficult to date. Being private purchase lot of choice was available to the buyer in the specific features of the sword he wanted. Some were more focused on its’ suitability for combat, while others focused on the fashion aspect.
During the First Empire period, the German sword manufacturing centre of Solingen was under French control. Because of this, a lot of the An XI officer’s sword (and others) can from that region. This sword is one such example, produced in Solingen and retailed by the Schnitzler & Kirschbaum company, as seen by the S & K mark on the ricasso. S&K were operating from 1792 - 1864 and this sword probably dates from 1805 to 1810 based on the shape of the guard and pommel.
Overall Length - 985 mm
Blade Length - 850 mm
Grip Length - 130 mm
Inside Grip Length - 105 mm
Weight - 830 grams
Total Weigth - 1480 grams
Point of Balance - 130 mm