I don’t remember what this was for or why it was so short but
An arms race is pretty much the race for one place to gain more big military weapons than the other, in this case the Soviet Union and the US rushing to get more nukes than the other. They’re both developing weapons to have the upperhand on each other.
The US bombing Japan is what started this arms race, and the US was also first to develop nuclear weapons via the Manhattan Project. On August 29th of 1949 the Soviet’s tested their first nuke. The world was surprised, and the arms race started. It lasted until the signing of the Conventional Forces on November of 1990.
A study was done and only around 1,700 bombs were needed to destroy both the USSR and the US, yet they continued to get more bombs, up until the tens of thousands. A bit overkill, I guess. Neither side used their weapons because if one attacked, both side would have ended up destroyed either way.
The government used the threat to up patriotism, and use propaganda against the Soviets.
During this time, the US had a stronger economy, so they hoped the race would strain on the Soviets’, which it did. A few other countries like France and Britain developed some too.
The arms race was viewed as a test of political will to a lot of people.
The two sides eventually began to soften and negotiate. They agreed via SALT, and at the end in 1991, the Soviet Union collapsed.
"Arms Race." History.com. A&E Television Networks. Web. 6 Jan. 2016.
"The Soviet-American Arms Race." The Soviet-American Arms Race. Web. 6 Jan. 2016.
"The Cold War." - Nuclear Arms Race. Web. 6 Jan. 2016.