This report presents the framework and discusses methods and approaches that can be used for transport project CO2 evaluation in Latin America and the Caribbean through the presentation of two case examples. A companion paper presents the findings from the portfolio review and interviews.The introductory chapter presents background and context, describing the current and projected transport and greenhouse gas emissions situation in LAC.Chapter two presents a conceptual framework for integrating CO2 considerations into urban transport with the aim of moderating CO2 emissions in Latin America.Chapter three addresses ways to estimate the impacts of CO2 from urban transport projects.The final chapter provides a summary of key points from the previous chapters and presents the authors’ conclusions.