My work in philosophy this semester has been focused mainly on the problem facing those who want to examine existential language in empirical terms. This problem can be said to be most intense through the expositions of religion that religious naturalists bring to the table as opposed to guys like Karl Barth or Rudolf Bultmann. This problem also comes to presence in neo-pragmatic expositions of meaning and norms: whereby meaning is instituted by social norms. These guys (Jeffrey Stout, Robert Brandom, Donal Davidson, etc.) use Wittgenstein's work, except they systematize one of his key ideas: that meaning is a function of use. My suspicion (and, presently, conviction) is that Wittgenstein understood that if his ideas were systematized, then such schematism would lead to a behaviorism--see B. F. Skinner, D. Z. Phillips, Peter Winch, Robert Brandom (i.e., the problem of fideism is the problem of behaviorism).
It seems to me that one of the ways out of behaviorism or logical empiricism is to start with phenomena (e.g., phenomenology).
Such things boil down to starting points: if one starts with language, then language is going to be that which determines the real and unreal (reference any neopragmatist). On the other hand, if one starts with phenomena, then one has a foundationalist philosophy (reference any reformed epistemologist).
A third option seems to be along the way: Heidegger's later philosophy. Heidegger doesn't begin with either phenomena or language. Heidegger begins with beyng (or Being, depending on which translation you are reading). And Heidegger's questioning of beyng seems to be a second and last beginning for western philosophy: it escapes all scientism, rationalism, empiricism, and contextualism.