Get out of your boxes.
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Get out of your boxes.
In Colonial Pennsylvania, Palatines lived between Iroquois settlements and the two peoples "communicated, drank, worked, worshipped and traded together, negotiated over land use and borders, and conducted their diplomacy separate from the colonial governments"*.
David Preston quoted by the Wikipedia author. Fancy Dutch: Black Pennsylvania Dutch
*Preston, David. "'We intend to live our lifetime together as brothers': Palatine and Iroquois Communities in the Mohawk Valley". pages 179–189 in New York History, Volume 89, No. 2, Spring 2008, p. 188.
The subject of Black Pennsylvania Dutch is new to me, so I am qute tentative about it. But I find the subject very interesting.
The quote of Preston is from an article about the history of the Mohawk Valley in central New York State. The histories are different. I remembered that Sojourner Truth”s first language was Dutch. In her case Holland-Dutch. Pennsylvania Dutch refers to German, in particular a Palatine German dialect. Nevertheless I suspect that the association that Preston noted between Germans and Iroquois existed in Pennsylvania too.
Here is a brief background paper from the Pennsylvania Historical Society on German settlement in Pennsylvania. The paper notes that the largest wave of German immigration was between 1749 and 1754, that is just prior to The French and Indian War. And the paper notes that by the Revolutionary war the number of Germans in Pennsylvania was probably around 100,000.
Hessian soldiers fought as auxiliary to the British side, but Germans in America fought on both sides in the Revolutionary War. And of course some Germans in America were Quakers and others who held pacifism as a core belief.
Some slaves in Pennsylvania spoke Pennsylvania Dutch--Palatine German. After the Revolutionary War, in 1780 Pennsylvania established a gradual emancipation law creating a substantial free Black population. Some free Blacks spoke Pennsylvania Dutch and followed their traditions.
While the Plain Dutch are very visiable today in Pennsylvania the Fancy Dutch are assimilated. During both World War I and World War II supression of the German language was enforced.
It seems likely that their were quite a few “Black Dutch.” As the term was a slur, tracing thier stories many not be easy. But stories about a working class, multi-racial group of people are of interest.
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The following is a compilation of a Thread I posted. The book I mention can be found here. So I had a few thoughts while reading Chapter 7 (
A few thoughts while reading "Theologizin' Bigger" by Trey Ferguson.
http://musings.northerngrove.com/archives/2024/01/musings-leaving-christianity-and-still-relating-to-christians-inspired-by-trey-fergusons-book.html
........................ “His, the doom; ours, the mirth” is a line that is way too hardcore-slash-heartwrenching to have its origins in an early 20th-century English translation of a 16th-century Latin Christmas carol.