Compost Production in Spring
Temperature is one of the most important factors affecting microbial activity and composting process. It limits the activity of microorganisms and the decomposition rate of organic matter, and directly affects the fermentation degree and composting time of composting.
3-5 days before composting, the main purpose of gas supply is to meet the oxygen supply, make the biochemical reaction proceed smoothly and achieve the purpose of high temperature. When the composting temperature rises to the peak, the air supply is mainly controlled by the temperature.
According to the harmless standard of the organic fertilizer production line, keeping the composting temperature at 55 ℃ for 3 days or above 50 ℃ for 5 ~ 7 days is an important condition to kill the pathogenic bacteria contained in the compost. Compost to ensure that the hygienic index of compost is qualified and the compost is mature.
The temperature of composting is usually controlled by adjusting ventilation or tipping machine. The growth of different kinds of microorganisms has different requirements for temperature.
Generally speaking, the most suitable temperature for thermophilic bacteria is 30 ℃ - 40 ℃, and the most suitable temperature for thermophilic bacteria fermentation is 451 ℃ - 60 ℃. In the early stage of composting, when the composting layer is basically at medium temperature, thermophilic bacteria are more active and reproduce in large quantities. During the use of organic matter, part of it is converted into heat, and the stack temperature is rising. After 1-2 days, it can reach 50 ° C-60 ° C.
At this temperature, the growth of thermophilic bacteria is inhibited and a large number of them die, while the reproduction of thermophilic bacteria enters the excited state. The heat source of heating up in the composting process comes from the heat released by microorganisms decomposing and metabolizing organic matter. In the process of composting, too high or too low temperature will have an adverse impact on composting. The temperature is low and the reaction speed is slow, which can not meet the requirements of thermal inactivation and harmlessness.
In addition to fast reaction speed, high temperature can also kill insect eggs, pathogens and parasites, so as to meet the requirements of harmlessness. Therefore, high temperature composting is generally used. However, when the temperature is too high (> 70 ℃), beneficial bacteria such as actinomycetes will be killed, which is not conducive to the composting process. The reactor temperature should be controlled at 45 ℃ - 65 ℃, and the most suitable temperature is 55 ℃ - 60 ℃.
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