In recent years, no studies of parasitic diseases in wild bears have been conducted in Azerbaijan. For this purpose, we conducted research to determine the species composition and prevalence of parasitic diseases in bears kept at the Rehabilitation Center. Serological samples were taken from bears to monitor changes in hematological parameters. Fecal samples were collected to identify endoparasitic helminths and primary intestinal parasites. Peripheral blood smears were collected to identify primary blood parasites. To determine the species composition of ectoparasites parasitizing bears, clinical examinations of the animals were conducted and ectoparasites were collected. The species of ectoparasitic lice collected from bristle loss bears was identified. The lice belong to the species Trichodectes pinguis of the family Trichodectidae. Trichodectes pinguis lice were intensively observed in bears, with 380–400 specimens collected. A total of 270–310 ticks were collected from bears and their species composition was determined. The ticks belonged to the genera Ixodes, Dermacentor and Rhipicephalus of the family Ixodidae. The primary blood parasite Babesia sp. was detected in peripheral blood smears from three feverish bears. Intense invasion of red blood cells by the parasite was observed (5–7 parasites per field of view). Bear feces samples were subjected to coprological examination. As a result of the examination, were found in the samples eggs of the helminths Baylisascaris sp., Uncinaria sp., Strongyloides sp., and Echinococcus sp. Hematological blood tests in bears invasion with endo- and ectoparasites revealed significant differences compared to healthy bears. In patients with associative invasion of bears, a difference in hematological blood parameters was observed – Hb, RBC, HCT, MCV – decreased, and WBC, MCHC, neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes- increased. A reliable difference was observed in eosinophil parameters (p < 0.05).
