The aim of this study was to assess the restorative effects (if any) of Saraca indica bark extract on the synthetic contraceptive, Levonorgestrel (LNG) administered reproductive cycle and Estrogen (E2) and Progesterone (P4) levels of female albino rats, due to a paucity of literature on the use of plant extracts against disturbances caused by synthetic contraceptives.
Group 1 received water; group 2 received LNG at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg b.w/day for six consecutive cycles (1 subcutaneous injection/rat/cycle); group 3 received LNG (1.5 mg/kg b.w/day) followed by methanolic bark extract of Saraca indica at a dose of 500 mg/kg b.w/day; and group 4 received methanolic bark extract of Saraca indica (500 mg/kg b.w/day). The percentage of cornification during the estrous cycle was determined using a standard method from vaginal lavage, and the amounts of serum E2 and P4 were measured using an ELISA method.
Results: When comparing group-2 to group-1 and group-4, the percentage of cornification was found to be substantially lower in group-2. Group-3, on the other hand, showed a significant increase in cornification percentage. Following LNG administration, both serum E2 and P4 hormone levels gradually decreased from their normal levels. However, after taking Saraca indica bark extract, the levels of these hormones seemed to be returning to normal.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this review, it can be concluded that Saraca indica bark extract has the potential to reverse the effects of this synthetic contraceptive on cyclicity and reproductive hormone levels.
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