Creature Series: Harpies
Harpies Attack King Phineus. Attica, c. 450 BCE.
What Are They?
Harpies are half-bird, half-human female monsters from Greek mythology. They were a personification of storm winds and were known to be thieves, taking things at the command of Zeus. They are referred to as “The Hounds of Zeus” for this reason.
Physical Description
Their physical description varies through the centuries, and depends on who you ask. Originally, they were beautiful women with wings; over time, however, their description morphed into that of hideous and disgusting monsters.
Description by Hesiod:
Beautiful maidens with lovely fair hair, who flew as swiftly as the wind or birds in flight.
Description by Virgil:
Harpies are described as “bird-bodied, girl-faced things” by Virgil; their droppings are said to be “abominable,” their hands are like talons, and their faces are haggard with insatiable hunger.
Behavior
The harpies were originally wind spirits, specifically personifications of the destructive forces of storm winds, and known for stealing and kidnapping at the behest of the gods. They were cruel and violent, and were used to torment those who offended the gods in some way.
Harpies and King Phineus of Thrace
The most famous story involving harpies is that of King Phineus, who was given the gift of prophecy and subsequently blinded by Zeus for revealing his secret plans.
Zeus trapped the blinded king upon an island and cursed him to live surrounded by a feast he can never eat, as the harpies will either snatch the food from him or foul it in some way.
Phineus was saved from this torment when Jason and the Argonauts arrived and, in return for giving them directions, set the Boreads upon the harpies to drive them away. In some stories the harpies died, in others both the harpies and the Boreads died; and in some versions both lived, either by coming to a truce or through the intervention of the gods.
Harpies in Other Works
Dante’s Inferno
Dante depicts the harpies as infesting the woods where those who die by suicide are tortured in hell for eternity.
He describes them with the following:
“They have broad wings, with razor sharp talons and a human neck and face, / Clawed feet and swollen, feathered bellies; / they caw / Their lamentations in the eerie trees.”
Resources
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harpy
https://mythopedia.com/topics/harpies
https://www.worldhistory.org/Harpy/










