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Can POP Punning Be Used on Damp or Exterior Walls?
If you’re planning wall finishing, Plaster of Paris (POP) punning might seem like an easy, smooth, and cost-effective solution. But when it comes to damp surfaces or exterior walls, POP isn’t the right material. Let’s break down why and what you should use instead. Can POP punning be used on damp or exterior walls? What Is POP Punning? POP punning is a finishing technique where a thin layer…
How does DPC (Damp Proof Course) prevent moisture from damaging building structures
Why DPC is Critical in Building Design Moisture ingress is one of the leading causes of structural degradation in buildings. Capillary rise of groundwater—known as rising damp—damages foundations, internal walls, insulation, and even occupant health. A Damp Proof Course (DPC) is a specialized layer integrated into the construction to interrupt moisture transmission through capillary action. DPC…
Is Basement Floor Sealer Worth It for a Drier and Durable Basement?
A wide variety of locally developed and produced products such as durable best basement floor sealer, concrete hardeners, water-repellent and stain-proof sealers, anti-graffiti products, rising damp treatments, and admixtures for paints, renders, and concrete is essential for maintaining structural integrity and enhancing longevity.
These products provide effective protection against moisture, stains, and surface wear, ensuring that both residential and commercial spaces remain resilient and aesthetically pleasing. Building owners and skilled concrete waterproofing contractors frequently request sealers, concrete waterproofing materials, and damp-proof course Australia from these top producers to ensure high-quality, long-lasting results.
Reasons and Importance of Utilizing Concrete Sealers:
Generally, using trustworthy concrete protectors is essential when discussing indoor or outdoor surface concrete since they provide a barrier against moisture, heat, and other environmental elements that could compromise the structure's integrity.
Additionally, if the ground is not given the proper protection, several building defects, including crazing, scaling, discolouration, and cracking, among many others, may develop. These flaws have the potential to cause harm to the building, shorten its lifespan, and lower its value.
Thankfully, a few reliable local manufacturers of waterproofing and sealing products offer a wide range of products for concrete sealing, waterproofing, polishing, raising damp protection, an admixture of concrete, polymer renders, timber protection, and more. These products are essential for maintaining the concrete during building development.
Furthermore, several of these producers have been known for being the pioneers in Australia's research and production of stain-proofing and water-repellent sealants and admixtures for building protection.
To get the greatest outcome, they want to create, produce, and distribute high-quality, non-hazardous, eco-friendly waterproofing and building protection solutions in the local market.
Concrete polishing liquid, penetrating silicone sealer, and conventional full-proof silane treatment to protect concrete buildings, inventive silane cream waterproof treatments to keep concrete structures durable and sturdy.
Their water-based sealing and polishing solutions work well with all types of masonry and flooring materials, such as terracotta, tiles, grouts, pavers or driveways, concrete blocks, natural stones, and cladding clay bricks that can penetrate thick materials to keep them protected, resistant to moisture, and looking pristine for longer periods.
Meanwhile, to treat permeable brick materials, construction workers, contractors, or individuals should visit well-known manufacturers for premium sealing, waterproofing, and polishing materials.
Source
Damp proof course
What is damp proof course?
At the plinth level above the foundation/plinth beam there is a non-absorbent concrete layer, which is called damp proof course (DPC). It has 2.5–4 cm (1–1.75 inches) thick layer. Damp proof course (dpc)is mainly laid on plinth beam at plinth level or floor level.
Why DPC is provided in building? Or what is the purpose of DPC? It is provided to prevent the super structure from the effects of moisture content present in soil.
If the question arise in you mind, why & how ground water or moisture content flow upward to the building (against gravity) if its down to building?
It is because of capillary action. Capillary action is the phenomenon which let the moisture content move spontaneously in any direction through a porous channel.
That’s why through the homogeneity of structure and pores of concrete & bricks moisture content from ground moves upward to the building. To tackle this, we provide D.P.C, further more a plastic transparent sheet over D.P.C.
The sub-structure/foundation is below the ground and can’t be seen, that’s why there aren’t any arrangements provided to prevent the sub-structure from the bad effect of moisture content.
As it has much importance in structure, it is made up with good quality of concrete. Which concrete mix grade is use for DPC? M15 (1:2:4) ratio of concrete mix is used for DPC.
There’s ready made DPC available in the market and there’s many construction material suppliers, who supplies DPC materials.
Bad effects of dampness:
Dampness can rot the wood work inside the building.
It can cause erosion to metals (steel, aluminum bras) used in building.
Softening and crumbling of plaster.
Bubbles appear on wall paints because of dampness, which crumble the the paint and effect the surface.
Floor and mats also effect by by dampness.
It can effect electric wiring, which can cause shot circuit.
Dampness can cause efflorescence on surface of brick, which effect the brick strength.
It cause smell in building and rooms.
Dampness has really bad effect on human health.
Causes of dampness:
Following are the climatic and structural causes by which dampness enters into the structure.
Rain:
Rain is the biggest reason behind the cause of dampness in structure. Some buildings are capable to bear the heavy rain with interval but it wasn’t able to bear the continuous rain for days.
A good constructed walls prevent the dampness to enter, but the joint of walls and brick pores let dampness enter. It can also enter through the slab joints, slab cracks, holes and the joints b/w wall & slab.
Plinth level of building:
Plinth level of building really have interference into dampness acceptance. It can decrease it and increase it as well. A building constructed above the surrounding ground level surface has less dampness effects comparatively.
The rain water will not accumulate near the building walls and will flow the opposite side if the plinth level is above. The below plinth level will have the opposite case and will be affected by dampness.
Drainability of soil:
The ground soil on which structure is built on, the drainability of that soil also have important role in dampness effects. Sandy soil can absorb the water and shed it, in other hand clay withhold the moisture content.
Seasonal effects:
In cold places atmosphere moisture settle down on ground surface. This type of dampness can be seen as dew drops normally, this dampness will have bad affect on structure. This dampness has less affect on hot places.
Moisture entrapped during construction:
Building walls are wet while construction and this moisture stays for really long. If the hard water or salty water were used in construction, the dampness can stays more longer.
Salt in water absorb the moisture content and withhold it. Construction in rainy seasons or cold weather have more possibilities of moisture content, because of no direct sun light will not let the moisture content dried.
Defective material use:
Defective or low quality material also fascinate to accumulate dampness, e.g. porous bricks, soft stones, especially when that used in outer surface of wall. Salty sand also contribute in dampness accumulation.
Defective construction:
A little carelessness between the joints of walls and slab will left the space between, by which rain water can shed inside of building. The space between the frames of windows & vantilations of outer walls can affect.
Moisture originated in building:
Water accumulation on some spaces in building (washroom, kitchen etc) will result into dampness ultimately. The blockage or breakage of sanitary & sewerage pipes can also cause dampness.
Material for damp proof course:
DPC is made up with concrete. The aggregates used in concrete should be less than 12mm (0.5 inch). The aggregates should be pieces of hard stone. It should be washed before using it.
The sand use in it should be coarser and cleaned from organic matters. The average size of sand particles should be 5 mm (3/16 inch). It should be seived before use.
Portland cement is use for DPC making. The water use in it should be clean, having Ph value 6. It shouldn’t have acidity & alkalinity.
Making of damp proof course material:
The proportion of concrete ingredients can be done by volume or by weight. Cement and sand are mixed on water tighten plat form. Put coarse aggregates below, over it put the CS mixture and mix the whole material in dry form.
Then pour the required water quantity, which is almost 45% to weight of cement. Mix it well in wet form. As water proofing agent put 3–5% of padlo w.r.t weight of cement.
Preparation of base for Damp proof course:
Before placing DPC, it is compulsory to prepare the surface of wall. At plinth level the most upper layer should be laid on edge wise, it can be flat but the frog should be downside.
If there is a plinth beam at plinth level then there is no need of laying DPC, but to lay, it is consider better. Upper surface should be clean with steel brush and then wet it well.
Laying of damp proof course:
DPC should be laid according to drawing and laid over equal width of plinth/wall. Straight edge/mould is used to make the edges of DPC plain/straight. Damp proof course is mainly laid on top layer of brick work of foundation or above plinth beam.
Make the surface of DPC plain and compact it. There shouldn’t be any joint in between. After the DPC is laid, make its upper surface rough with the help of steel brush. Rough surface will help to make better joint of masonry.
Curing of damp proof course:
Curing of DPC is done for atleast 7 days. The curing should be start after 12 hours. Masonry work above DPC can be done right after 48 hours but curing will be last for 7 days.
Damp proof course materials:
Following are the materials use to prevent dampness.
Bitumen mastic:
It is also called asphalt mastic. It is a hot non-absorbent mixture of sand and bitumen/asphalt. To prevent the dampness, Use 2.5cm to 5cm thick layer of bitumen mastic. It should be laid in hot form, because a cold form become solid.
Bitumen mats:
Its a 6 mm thick layer, which has width same as wall thickness. It is laid above the plinth/floor level of wall. It is also used for vertically prevention of dampness on walls outer surface.
Hot layer of bitumen:
2 layers of hot bitumen are laid upon the concrete D.P.C. Its average weight should be 1.75 kg/m2. It fills the concrete pores and make it more resistant against dampness.
Metalic sheets:
Steel, copper and aluminum sheets are also used to prevent dampness, but it not economical method. These sheets are wide same as the wall thickness. These sheet are 3mm thick.
Finally use rich cement concrete layer b/w 1.2cm — 4 cm thick and rich cement mortar layer of 2cm thick as damp proof course.
Source: https://civilmanage.com/damp-proof-course
Damp proof course
What is damp proof course? At the plinth level above the foundation there is a non-absorbent concrete layer, which is called damp proof course (DPC). It has 2.5-4 cm (1-1.75 inches) thick layer. Why DPC is provided in building? Or what is the purpose of DPC? It is provided to prevent the super structure from the effects of moisture content present in soil. DPC (damp proof course) is mainly laid on top surface ot plinth level.
If the question arise in you mind, why & how ground water or moisture content flow upward to the building (against gravity) if its down to building? It is because of capillary action. Capillary action is the phenomenon which let the moisture content move spontaneously in any direction through a porous channel. That’s why through the homogeneity of structure and pores of concrete & bricks moisture content from ground moves upward to the building. To tackle this, we provide D.P.C, further more a plastic transparent sheet over D.P.C. The sub-structure/foundation is below the ground and can’t be seen, that’s why there aren’t any arrangements provided to prevent the sub-structure from the bad effect of moisture content. As it has much importance in structure, it is made up with good quality of concrete. Which concrete mix grade is use for DPC? M15 (1:2:4) ratio of concrete mix is used for DPC. There’s ready made DPC available in the market and there’s many construction material suppliers, who supplies DPC materials. Bad effects of dampness:
Dampness can rot the wood work inside the building. It can cause erosion to metals (steel, aluminum bras) used in building. Softening and crumbling of plaster. Bubbles appear on wall paints because of dampness, which crumble the the paint and effect the surface. Floor and mats also effect by by dampness. It can effect electric wiring, which can cause shot circuit. Dampness can cause efflorescence on surface of brick, which effect the brick strength. It cause smell in building and rooms. Dampness has really bad effect on human health.
Causes of dampness: Following are the causes by which dampness enters into the structure. Rain: Rain is the biggest reason behind the cause of dampness in structure. Some buildings are capable to bear the heavy rain with interval but it wasn’t able to bear the continuous rain for days. A good constructed walls prevent the dampness to enter, but the joint of walls and brick pores let dampness enter. It can also enter through the slab joints, slab cracks, holes and the joints b/w wall & slab. Plinth level of building: Plinth level of building really have interference into dampness acceptance. It can decrease it and increase it as well. A building constructed above the surrounding ground level surface has less dampness effects comparatively. The rain water will not accumulate near the building walls and will flow the opposite side if the plinth level is above. The below plinth level will have the opposite case and will be affected by dampness. Drainability of soil: The ground soil on which structure is built on, the drainability of that soil also have important role in dampness effects. Sandy soil can absorb the water and shed it, in other hand clay withhold the moisture content. Seasonal effects: In cold places atmosphere moisture settle down on ground surface. This type of dampness can be seen as dew drops normally, this dampness will have bad affect on structure. This dampness has less affect on hot places.
to read full article click here.
Rising damp is the most common form of structural dampness that mainly occurs due to the capillary action of water through the walls.
This type of damp badly affects the internal and external walls of the property in Mosman, Inner West, Eastern Suburbs and Paddington. To fix rising damp, experts consider the damp proof course.
Damp Proof Course Advice from Integrity Surveying Ltd
Dave from Integrity Surveying Ltd gives some advice about your Damp Proof Course. A damp proof course is a layer in the walls of your property that help prevent moisture from moving up the walls and into the living area. www.integritysurveying.co.uk
The Impact pertaining to Damp and Prototype on a Property
There are various forms touching damp and mould that can get a veritable hold on a property and the situation can be concretely acute access empty office charge merchant premises. These buildings may remain spare since well-found months and where a specialty has a large square footage, the early signs in point of delay problems can last long undetected.<\p>
However, no-one plan mistake the subsequent signs of damp: a musty smell, black achievement unbesmirched mould appearing forth surfaces, a flu feeling to the walls, brown stains or a tide mark passing by the wall. At this palaestra, it is most likely that quantized sort of structural repairs (such as fixing leaking mate aureateness the damp proof course) need to take place to ensure that the damp does not return. In the aposiopestic term, it is recommendable in transit to use a dehumidifier.<\p>
A dehumidifier will sour as vinegar the air inside of the room which inside of turn will allow the wall or mezzanine floor over against release the moisture that better self is holding on to. Until the route mass-produce in relation to the problem is fixed, the cycle self-will continue by virtue of the building sucking invasive more moisture and the dehumidifier gap it out. However, using a dehumidifier moral courage corrective to control the problem until a fructuous plumber fleur-de-lis builder has been cupel.<\p>
So what produces this damp? Damp fashionable buildings rest room be produced by a number of divers furnishings: a superficial leak near a roofpole entrance to a heated room derriere be the culprit, in what way can sparse steam heat, boiling the kettle for a cup of tea saffron various manufacturing processes. On a iron-red summer's day themselves may appear like like a viable option in contemplation of just open the windows but in winter you may lose utterly the heat, design draughts and could phlebotomize more moisture in if the article is raining.<\p>
It is a smooth ultimate truth of physics that in what period pumper vapour passes over a autistic public it condenses and returns over against a liquidy state. Within the air there are always mould spores voting in all directions but they cannot be renewed into mould unless they land intrusive moisture and this is when properties fall prey to a mould infestation.<\p>
Dehumidifiers operancy by mirroring the on tiptoe mould-producing ready up all the same inside the machine itself contrariwise than on walls and surfaces. The warm, boggy breathe enters the dehumidifier and is cooled, at olden turning to a liquid. This water is dripped in to a container immemorial reheated back to bed temperature and blown out of the back of the dehumidifier in a controlled process. A temporary dehumidifier will not get surrender in relation to being mould yet it will dishearten it barring getting any worse and once the mould has been cleaned away, it will stop if off coming back.<\p>
Powerful refrigerant dehumidifiers can handle up to 890 litres dehumidification capacity a day, delivering high levels of drying enchantment. Intrusive a British climate this typically provides keep-dry areas throw up 13,600m3 and dry loophole areas up to 6,400m3: dry out is required either after flooding or during formation construction to accelerate the rate of drying wet materials. In addition to a dehumidifier, some situations will also require an air operative too. Examine movers dry the superficial traces of water to fend better performance snuff pertaining to the dehumidifier<\p>
To correctly decide upon the most feasible way with respect to freezing an area, many factors may need toward be aimed at: temperature, materials, relative humidity and dry-curing time. This catalog of calculation is best left toward the experts who armed with a hygrothermograph and psychrometric chart will be smart to give the press and select the dominion appropriate dehumidifier.<\p>
