Firewatch
Animal based on: Père David's deer Species name: Elaphurus davidianus Distribution: endemic to Chinese region and already extinct in wild Hint: Antler shape and deer on E2 art
General information:
This deer, also known as the elaphure or milu (Chinese: 麋鹿), was named after Father Armand David, a French missionary and naturalist who discovered the species in the 1860s while in China. Historically, Père David’s Deer lived in the swampy lowlands and subtropical regions of China. This species is unique among deer because of its unusual combination of physical traits. It has a long tail, large hooves adapted for walking on wet ground, and branched antlers that curve backward.
However, due to excessive hunting and habitat loss, the species became extinct in the wild by the late 19th century. Fortunately, some individuals had been taken to zoos in France and Germany, where the deer were successfully bred in captivity.
Herbrand Russell, the 11th Duke of Bedford, played a crucial role in saving Père David’s Deer from extinction. After learning that the species was on the brink of disappearing, he gathered about 18 surviving individuals from various European zoos and brought them to his estate at Woburn Abbey in Bedfordshire, England. There, he established a breeding program within his park to ensure the species’ survival. Over the following decades, the herd at Woburn Abbey became the only viable population of Père David’s Deer in the world, as all wild populations had vanished. Every living Père David’s Deer today is a descendant of that Woburn herd. In the 1980s, the Duke’s great-grandson, Robin Russell, donated several dozen deer to the Chinese government to help reintroduce the species to the wild. As of 2020, the wild population in China was estimated at around 2,825 individuals, with an additional 7,380 living in various nature reserves across the country.















