Why Ex-Vegans Eat More Meat Than They Must
Dan Cudahy of "Unpopular Vegan Essays" -- a popular essay blog amongst the abolitionist-leaning "logical vegan" crowd -- has written a generally ignored and ostracized essay addressing the excitement over "A Vegan No More". In "On Ex-Vegans", Cudahy writes that ex-vegans don't exist, by definition, because the definition of true veganism includes the word "lifelong":
For some of us, “vegan” means a strong, lifelong, and morally internalized commitment to avoiding the use of animals and animal products as much as is reasonably possible in an extremely speciesist society that uses animal products ubiquitously. ... There may be a lot of “ex-vegans”, but when they were “vegans”, what did that mean? Did they go without animal products for several hours daily (“vegan before 6pm”)? Did they go on a “vegan health diet” for a few weeks, months, or years only as a fad diet right after their Atkins diet? If they were vegan for “animal rights” reasons, what did they mean by that? Are they referring to a concern about animal welfare?
If you aren't vegan for life, you never had the commitment that true veganism entails, which means you were never vegan. So much for the ex-vegan problem. Although this may create a new problem if "lifelong" is taken to mean "covering the entirety of one's life," since that would exclude everyone except for vegans from birth to death at an old age, which so far is no one. Hopefully Cudahy doesn't mean that.
Cudahy goes on to explain that any and all defects hovering in the vicinity of veganism belong to the ex-vegan and not veganism:
The point here is that ex-vegans are at least partly a reflection of their own character traits at this point in their lives (characters can be built and improved upon or diminish throughout life), not a reflection of veganism. ...
The point here is that vegans often become ex-vegans at least partly due to the poverty of their reasons for previously being vegan, which is no reflection of veganism or the many excellent reasons for being vegan. ...
Again, the negative grandstanding is a reflection of the ex-vegan’s ego and character at this time in life, not a reflection of veganism. ...
So ex-vegans have personality problems and were never really vegan. You know, the usual. The reason I'm bringing up Cudahy's post is that at the end of it, he makes a point that Messina implied in her "Do Ex-Vegans' Stories Make the Case Against Veganism?" entry that I didn't address in my response.
In her entry, Messina said that Tasha (the vegan no more) enjoyed her new meaty diet so much that it made her "suspicious." Suspicious of what, Messina doesn't quite say, but she's getting at something that Cudahy spells out more explicitly: if you are going to quit veganism because of failing health, you should re-introduce animal products only reluctantly and in the minimal amount possible required to thrive. Animal products should be your medicine -- and every time you take them, you should hold your nose and gag.
If such ex-vegans are serious and genuine about a “failure to thrive”, we should expect them to continue veganism in every other way they are reasonably able, and to continue to fully support the ethical reasons and environmental benefits they previously did. If they do, and they are genuine and sincere about their health issues, and consume limited, prescribed quantities of animal products with the strong reservation that a person who was prescribed a highly undesirable medicine took the medicine, I see no reason why they should announce that they are no longer vegan. ...
While I’m almost certain that, based on significant reading of materials written by experts in nutrition science, absolutely no animal products are necessary for any human to thrive, I could believe in the sincerity of someone who embraces veganism in their lives as much as they believe they possibly can, even if they consume some “limited, prescriptive amount of certain animal products” with the regret and reservation of someone who undergoes a painful treatment to maintain their health. Sadly, I have yet to see one case among ex-vegans that would even remotely fit this description.
And of course Cudahy doesn't forget to say:
It is also worth noting here that the mainstream American Dietetic Association’s position paper on vegan diets concludes that well-planned vegan diets are appropriate for people of all ages and all stages of life.
Now that's a twist. He calls it "the mainstream American Dietetic Association" instead of "the conservative American Dietetic Association". I'll have to start looking out for that one.
As for his point that failure-to-thrive ex-vegans need to treat animal products as a dreadful tonic that you take only when absolutely necessary, that actually kind of makes sense... but only if you've never had to change your ethics in order to quit veganism.
Messina makes an allowance for ex-vegan ethical revisions in her own entry:
I understand that someone who believes they require meat may need to tweak their overall perspective to make it feel ethically okay to eat it. But, there is a big difference between choosing to include small amounts of meat in your diet for health reasons versus absolutely reveling in meat consumption as is reflected in Tasha’s recent twitter post: “Bacon, bacon, bacon…how did I ever live without you for so long?”
Along with revealing their ascetic streaks, Messina and Cudahy underestimate the significance of the change required to go from "It's always wrong to eat animal products and veganism is perfectly healthy" to "Veganism is not perfectly healthy and this makes it okay to eat animal products."
For any vegan other than the most undogmatic "personal choice" style vegan who is ever-aware that veganism is at best an attempt to reduce suffering rather than a perfect moral philosophy that everyone must adapt as a minimum standard of decency, this requires more than a tweak. Just admitting that veganism might not be entirely healthy is enough to shatter many vegans' conception of their philosophy. Cudahy, for instance, is "almost certain" that "absolutely no animal products are necessary for any human to thrive." (Any? Including humans with deadly allergies to multiple vegan staples?) When personal experience teaches you that animal products actually are necessary for some humans to thrive, everything else about veganism is up for review.
But the main reason that ex-vegans don't mimic vegans as best as they possibly can is a lack of motivation.
There are a number of things that keep people vegan: A negative emotional reaction at thought of eating animal products (what I call guilt and what vegans call compassion); a logic-based belief in the inherent wrongness of animal product consumption; a place in the vegan community; habit -- you are so used to avoiding animal products that eating them again requires an effort; avoiding backlash from vegan friends and family members; purity -- repulsion at the prospect of animal products crossing your lips and being inside of you; disgust/no longer having a taste for animal products; fear of animal products making you feel ill; fear that animal products are detrimental to your short-term and long-term health; and the sense of identity that comes with being a vegan.
Those are the main things that keep vegans vegan, and you lose every single one of them when you become an ex-vegan. It's no wonder Cudahy says, "Sadly, I have yet to see one case among ex-vegans that would even remotely fit this description [of being as close to veganism as health allows]." Messina and Cudahy are expecting ex-vegans to hew as closely to veganism as possible without having any of the motivators that make people vegan.
True, ex-vegans can be concerned with suffering and still see animal products as a contribution to that. But once ex-vegans accept, as they must, that their existence is going to cause suffering no matter what (something vegans will admit when pressed but mostly overlook, as we can see in one vegan's recent revelation while reading The Vegetarian Myth), they don't usually worry as much about the suffering-causing potential of every single thing they do. Nor do they tend to leave animal products in their special category of the most significant suffering contributor. Ex-vegans lack a binary view of suffering as something that you create by eating salmon and shut off by eating tofu. Allowing yourself to eat even a tiny amount of meat for health reasons makes the vegan idea that "you're either moral or you're not" go haywire.
Even if ex-vegans maintained the vegan idea that animal products are what cause suffering above all else, it isn't easy to recalibrate your internal guilt alarm to permit some animal products but then go off whenever you exceed a limit determined to be the minimal amount needed for health. Few ex-vegans are willing to venture back into eating animal products with guilt still being an issue, so they find a way to lose the guilt entirely. If you feel zero guilt about eating one piece of cheese, multiply that by an entire wheel of cheese and you still have zero guilt. What's to keep you from eating the wheel of cheese, then, besides the size of your stomach and haranguing from vegan dietitians?
Combine this lack of motivation to be vegan-like with ex-vegans realizing that omnivorous food is usually more delicious and satisfying than vegan food -- and makes socializing easier -- and you have a recipe for ex-vegan love affairs with meat.
If the direct effects of animal product consumption were readily evident, it might be easier for ex-vegans to take the minimal animal product approach. The problem is that any positive effects that come from reducing animal product consumption are abstract. This is one reason vegans tend to be so concerned with personal purity. Any less-negative effects they have on animals and the environment is invisible to them. Vegans can't see any suffering they (possibly) prevent by lowering the demand for animal products enough that fewer farm animals come into existence; all they can see that they don't allow even trace amounts of exploitation products into themselves. So they have to put a lot of importance on that part. Ex-vegans, on the other hand, no longer have personal purity to make it look like they're accomplishing something.
When you can eat a small amount of animal products without guilt, and nothing horrible happens that you can see, the spell veganism casts is broken. Many ex-vegans are left with the feeling that they have nothing to show for their years of veganism (one reason to stay vegan as long as possible is to delay having this realization). That kind of mitigates the desire to curtail your animal product consumption to the absolute minimum, especially for ex-vegans who come to love the taste and nourishment that animal products offer.
Vegans are prone to equating animal products with suffering and veganism with non-suffering. For ex-vegans concerned with other issues such as overpopulation, human suffering, oil extraction or agriculture, and who think they can make a positive impact by supporting small farms, it's not that simple. These nuances make it difficult for ex-vegans to keep track of the fluctuations in suffering that their behavior causes, something which is immeasurable anyway, but which vegans think they can gauge by their purity.
Besides, as long as most vegans see veganism as an all-or-nothing thing, most ex-vegans are going to have to agree with them. Why should ex-vegans bother trying to get close to the vegan ideal when most vegans despise ex-vegans more than any other group and disbelieve them when they say they need animal products to feel healthy?
Vegans like Cudahy promote the idea that you either are or are not vegan, and there are no meaningful degrees. In "On Ex-Vegans", Cudahy dismisses the true veganness of anyone who doesn't meet his stringent definition, such as Mark Bittman with his "Vegan Before 6pm" idea. You're either vegan for a lifetime or you were never vegan at all, Cudahy says. So why is he upset when ex-vegans don't find anything compelling about near-veganism? How could they when vegans refuse to allow anything other than pure veganism to count for anything?
And when vegan dietitians go after well-meaning ex-vegans, trashing their claims and attempting to destroy their credibility with the usual tedious tactics of linking them to organizations and individuals that vegans loathe, what ex-vegan would be stupid enough to try to be as vegan as possible and expect vegans to accept them?